What is a smart card?

The most fundamental requirement of all-in-one card system is "information sharing and centralized control", so the design of the system should not be a simple combination of single functions. Consider the technical realization of the overall design ideas of software such as unified network platform, unified database, unified identity authentication system, data transmission security, various management system interfaces, exception handling, etc. The intelligent comprehensive performance of each management system and each card reading terminal equipment can achieve the best system design.

Due to the basic idea of "information sharing and centralized control", one-card is widely used in all walks of life, such as campus card, enterprise card, bank card, medical card and so on.

In May 2006, Beijing began to use the "Municipal Traffic Card". From June 65438+1 October1day, 2007, urban areas will enjoy a 40% discount and suburban areas will enjoy a 20% discount. In June 2008, 5438+ 10, all suburbs in the city were 60% off.

All-in-one card generally involves public transportation, taxis and subways, and it will also rapidly expand into gardens, highway toll collection, small consumption and other fields. At this time, the security of the data in the card, especially the wallet, is highlighted. Odd number contactless CPU card not only meets the above application requirements, but also provides a safer guarantee for the wallet in the card.

Interpretation of the concept of "one card"

In the field of smart cards, "one card" is frequently used in various card magazines, but what exactly is "one card"? What is its conceptual significance? So far there is no accurate, clear and satisfactory explanation.

At present, the concept of "all-in-one-card" should be "one card, one database and one line", that is, a network cable is connected to a database (PC), and IC card management, inquiry and other functions are realized through a comprehensive software, thus realizing the "all-in-one-card" of the whole system.

The following are explained separately:

The so-called "all-in-one card" is to realize intelligent management of many different functions on the same card. One card has many devices, not different cards have different functions, and different machines are used on different cards. Some people mistakenly think that all cards (including magnetic cards, id cards, contact ic cards, contactless IC cards, etc. ) can be read and accessed because they are all "one card" devices. The first requirement of "one card" is that the reading and writing equipment of the card must be consistent with the card. Secondly, it is required that the cards must be multi-partition and password-verified smart cards to ensure their independence, security and universality. For example, the MFARE card has 16 functional partitions with independent keys. In the M|FARE system equipment, as long as the MlFSREHHU card is empty, the password is not sealed, and the devices reach an agreement with each other, many different devices of a company can communicate with each other with one card. Different companies use the same equipment, the same card, as long as it is MFARE technology and its module system, as long as there is a blank area on the card, it can be used, which is the so-called "all-in-one card".

The so-called "one line" means that a line connects a variety of information, a variety of different devices are hung on a line, and all devices are connected in series with a PC through an interface and exchange information of different data. If there are many devices hanging on the PC, then each device will occupy a line with the PC, and the PC needs to provide it with a communication interface. In this way, there are many devices and communication interfaces, but the communication interfaces of computers are limited and cannot meet the requirements. Moreover, in the process of installation and use, it is not advisable to let so many wires communicate with PC.

The so-called "one database" is to realize card issuance, card return, loss reporting and card information inquiry. In the same software, the same PC, the same database, accurate, clear, convenient and fast. This is called "one? quot。 The so-called "all-in-one card" in the market now means that all the equipment made by the company can use the company's card. As for whose database, platform and software are distributed to their respective distribution offices, this is not a real "all-in-one card". Only on the same software can the real "all-in-one card" be realized.

Structural advantages of "one card"

Because of the true meaning of "one card, one line and one library", it has the following unique advantages in structure:

1. Enjoy data * * *: speed up data exchange.

2. Comprehensive search: As there is a general database, all relevant records can be found in this database at one time as long as the query field names are given, which improves efficiency and reduces errors.

3. Comprehensive statistics: Because there is only one database, reports can be generated in time, and it is not necessary to query each PC one by one.

4. Monitor and query the usage, records and status of any terminal in real time.

5. Simple operation: the function only needs to be realized once, with at most two steps, without multiple conversions.

6. Reduce equipment investment and cost.

In addition, due to the universality and compatibility of all-in-one card, take MFARE card as an example, and its chip can be divided into 16 regions, and each region can set its own regional password. Its own security, reliability and independence can be extended to the following characteristics:

1. Occupancy by regional function: different functions occupy different areas and can be encrypted.

2. Different software can be used in different areas: under different software, functions can still occupy different areas, and encryption functions can be used independently without interference.

For example, in a residential area, the "all-in-one-card" equipment of Xi 'an Armored Company can realize five functions. When issuing a special IC card, it occupies five areas of the card and encrypts it. Later, Company B installed the terminal equipment produced by Company B in this community, which can realize three functions with IC cards. In this case, it can make use of the advantages of |C card chip, and then you can use this IC card to access the terminal equipment of Company A and Company B in the future to realize "one card".

Analysis on the Current Situation of Intelligent System "One Card"

With the popularization and application of science and technology, many departments in almost all industries in modern society call it IC card intelligent management system. According to the current market situation, an accurate and effective "one card" has become an inevitable requirement. Therefore, both business card printing companies, chip suppliers, system integrators and application providers have launched "integrated cards".

In fact, the "all-in-one card" that people in the industry now call is only the product of a combination of single functions in a broad sense. For example, a manufacturer produces individual intelligent systems such as access control, parking lot and patrol, and has its own independent equipment and software. Under the market trend, manufacturers combine these systems and install them in a certain area. Because it is |C animation lines, it is called "all-in-one card". Its network is as follows:

This so-called "one card" has the following disadvantages:

(1) Multiple software distribution systems: If a card is to be implemented, the card should be distributed in each system one by one, which is equivalent to notifying each software one by one, and the card is passable. Trivial and inefficient.

(2) Multi-database and multi-PC (that is, computers): If you want to query the consumption record of an IC card, you can only input the card numbers of each PC and the database one by one, and then make statistics. Time-consuming and inconvenient.

(3) Without the database, it is impossible to realize the one-time simple operation function of total statistics and total retrieval.

(4) High cost and complicated operation.

To sum up, this "all-in-one card" is inaccurate, costly, expensive and slow in data operation, and can only be used as a transition before the function of "all-in-one card" software is realized.

Software and hardware conditions for realizing "one card"

As an inevitable trend in the development of smart card field, "all-in-one-card" is a complex and exquisite system application project, and its software and hardware must meet certain conditions and standards, otherwise it will be difficult to realize the real "all-in-one-card".

First of all, you must have a card to be a "one card". This card must be a multi-partition, multi-purpose, compatible, safe and reliable smart card, which is a prerequisite for "one card". There are many kinds of cards on the market now, from early barcode cards and magnetic cards to contact |C cards, and then to contactless |C cards and smart cards, which have developed rapidly and become more and more advanced. Cards with simple structure, no writing, no area, no anti-counterfeiting and few uses, such as barcode cards, magnetic cards, |D cards and some cards without CPU function, cannot be used as "smart cards". Here is a brief introduction to the types and characteristics of smart cards, and its advantages and disadvantages are clear at a glance:

Smart card type:

1. Encrypted memory card (security card contact type)

2. Unencrypted memory card (memory card contact type)

3. Prepaid Card (Prepaid Card Contact Type)

4.CPU card (smart card contact type)

5. Radio frequency encryption card (RF 1D contactless card)

6. RF CPU card (RFID contactless card)

7.p type IC card (parallel communication IC card)

Features:

1. Damage resistance and durability:

Smart cards are made of silicon chips and are used to store information. Advanced silicon wafer manufacturing technology can fully guarantee the card's anti-magnetic, anti-static and various radiation capabilities. Moreover, because the silicon wafer is small in size and protected by epoxy layer inside and PCB and substrate outside, it has strong mechanical and chemical damage resistance. These are detailed in IS078 16- 1, and now the smart card has been made very exquisite and durable. The retention period of information is over 100 years, and it is convenient to read and write, with the reading and writing times as high as 100000 times. Even considering various factors, a smart card can be used for at least ten years.

2. Storage capacity and flexibility:

The capacity of smart card can be several bytes, and the storage area on smart card can be divided and have different access levels, which provides convenience for information processing and multi-purpose of one card.

3. Encryption:

Smart card system has strong encryption, which is first reflected in the structure and reading mode of the chip. Smart card has a large capacity, and the read-write area of the memory can be selected at will, so it has great flexibility. Even if the general memory card adopts a specific technology, it also has strong confidentiality. For encrypted memory cards, there are strict restrictions on the number of times to check the card password. The card will be locked if the specified number of times is exceeded. The encryption of smart card is also reflected in the system design, because smart card belongs to portable digital circuit, and various hardware encryption methods of digital circuit can be used to improve the encryption of the system. In addition, various encryption algorithms can be used in software design, which greatly enhances the security of the system.

The above is a superficial view on the concept of "one card" and its application. It is believed that the application of intelligent "all-in-one-card" will be more practical and perfect.

"Multi-purpose with one card" and "Multi-purpose with one card" have become the application themes of smart cards. As one of the largest IC card application fields in China, urban smart card involves many fields such as urban bus, subway, taxi, road and bridge toll collection, water supply, gas supply, heating, residential quarters and so on. TimeCOS/DI is a smart card that meets the application requirements.

When this smart card is used in a bank, it can be inserted into a card reader to complete the banking business. At the same time, when using a bus or taxi, you don't need to insert the card into the card reader, just shake the card on the card reader equipped with wireless sensing area, which saves time. Therefore, as long as there is a "one card" in urban life, you can make phone calls, take buses, take taxis, shop, pay utilities, and deposit and withdraw cash, which is very convenient everywhere.

Current situation of public transport system:

At present, the management methods of urban public transportation are mostly manual ticketing and unmanned ticketing, and the payment methods are: cash, coins, monthly tickets, etc. These methods have some disadvantages, including counterfeit money, residual money, small change, fake monthly tickets, expired monthly tickets, etc. At the same time, we can't get the bus fare data accurately and timely. Stay in the stage of complete manual management.

Public transport system requirements:

Transaction processing is fast, simple, fast and error-free;

High reliability and accurate transaction;

The transaction volume is relatively large, and the trading terminals are frequently used;

Terminal maintenance is simple and the maintenance cost is low;

The reader has strong anti-interference ability;

This payment method has high security, anti-counterfeiting and anti-attack;

The system has high efficiency and low management and maintenance costs;

The transaction amount is relatively small;

Bus solution:

Taking TIMECOS/DI dual interface card of Beijing Qiqi Data System Co., Ltd. as the medium, the bus fare payment is realized through IC card, and a modern bus information automatic processing system based on dual interface card and computer technology is established to realize electronic currency.

System security:

Adopt PBOC electronic wallet to ensure the security and correctness of the transaction;

The card supports 3DES encryption algorithm to ensure the security of data;

The machine is fully enclosed, with strong anti-destruction and anti-interference ability;

The card supports anti-collision mechanism and can handle multiple cards at the same time.

System advantages:

Reduce the cash operation cost of counting coins, clearing paper money and transporting cash to bank accounts on retail machines and ticket sales;

Reducing the use of cash on retail machines can prevent thieves and criminals from deliberately attacking and destroying the cash box of machines and save a lot of human resources;

The transaction is simple, convenient and fast, and there is no need to insert, pull out and set the direction;

One card is multi-purpose, which reduces the issuance cost and is convenient for cardholders;

There is no need to wait for bus transactions, reducing waiting or delay time;

Improve the working efficiency of the system and reduce the operating cost of the system;

Machines and tools are fully enclosed to adapt to harsh working environment;

Non-contact operation to avoid mechanical wear failure;

Low machine failure rate and convenient maintenance and replacement;

System standardization:

Meet the requirements of the Ministry of Construction on the management standards of urban construction cards;

The contact interface of the card has passed the test of integrated circuit (IC) card specification of China People's Bank.

The card conforms to the international standard IEC/ISO 14443.

Fully compatible with traditional contact equipment;

Overall structure of the system:

Card application function:

The card includes a microprocessor chip and an antenna coil connected to the microprocessor. The electromagnetic field generated by the card reader provides energy, and the card itself does not need batteries. The card reader can activate the card, send instructions, receive card signals and process them. Regardless of the non-contact function, it is an ordinary CPU card that conforms to traditional standards and application habits, meets the requirements of PBOC+06 and ISO7865438, and is fully compatible with contact card application systems and readers. Moreover, contact and non-contact are controlled by the same CPU, and * * * enjoys all the resources of the card (storage space, electronic wallet, security mechanism, etc.). ).

Non-contact operation has the advantages of no card insertion, no card pulling, fixed direction, convenient operation, strong anti-environmental pollution and anti-static ability, and no need for frequent maintenance of equipment. Especially in the urban bus and subway toll collection system with harsh environment and great mobility, the advantages of non-contact application are the most obvious.

& gt& gt is suitable for situations with large transaction volume, short transaction time and no need to wait during the transaction;

& gt& gt One card can be used for multiple purposes, and one card can be used in multiple industries;

& gt& gt Self-service consumption places and machines are fully enclosed.

& gt& gt machines and tools have harsh working environment and strong anti-destruction and anti-interference ability;

& gt& gt system has high security requirements;

& gt& gt card anti-collision mechanism, allowing multiple cards to enter the trading area at the same time;

& gt& gt application is flexible and convenient. According to different application conditions and requirements, you can use contact or non-contact transactions at will.

& gt& gt is fully compatible with traditional contact equipment; Can be used directly on it.

& gt& gt Save time, improve efficiency and reduce system operation and maintenance costs.

On a dual card, it can be used for bus, subway, ferry, taxi and other public transportation applications, as well as water meter, gas meter, electronic wallet consumption and other applications. Fast and convenient transaction, efficient data and communication security can be realized without card insertion.

Product application prospect:

The card can be extended to other applications: one card can integrate multiple different application industries and issue cards at the same time. Other fields can be applied:

■ Automatic refueling system of gas station

■ Automatic toll collection system for highway and bridge networking.

■ Campus card (student status management, campus consumption and canteen dining, etc.). )

■ Residential property management and consumption card

■ Enterprise card

■ Safety control and identification area

It is suitable for other fields of contact IC cards and non-contact IC cards, especially the mixed application of contact and non-contact. This product will have great market potential in the next few years.

All-in-one card is the future development trend, with one card in hand and all over the world.

At present, all-in-one card is widely used in the following fields: campus card, enterprise card, hospital card, government card and building card.