What is Chinese literacy? Concept of Chinese literacy. Ways to improve Chinese literacy.

Chinese literacy refers to the comprehensive evaluation of Chinese ability and Chinese knowledge, thoughts and emotions, language accumulation, language sense, thinking quality, moral cultivation, aesthetic taste, personality and character, learning direction, learning habits, etc.

Chinese literacy refers to the "relatively stable, basic knowledge, abilities, skills and emotional attitudes and values ??that adapt to the development requirements of the times" that students display in Chinese, and is instrumental and humanistic. The rich connotation of unity is a core concept in the "Chinese Curriculum Standards for Full-time Compulsory Education (Experimental Draft)" and "Chinese Curriculum Standards for Ordinary High Schools (Experimental)".

The new Chinese curriculum standard clearly states: "Chinese courses should be dedicated to the formation and development of students' Chinese literacy. Chinese literacy is the basis for students to learn other courses well." "Chinese courses should cultivate students' love for the Chinese language of the motherland. Thoughts and feelings, guide students to correctly understand and use the Chinese language, enrich language accumulation, cultivate language sense, develop thinking, so that they have literacy, reading, writing and oral communication skills that meet actual needs. "In daily teaching. In practice, we often encounter situations where students are not interested in Chinese, have a poor sense of language when reading, fail to express their ideas in spoken expressions, write a lot of misspelled words, have poor vocabulary and poor imagination, even those who have clear ideas and high IQs Students also have problems with narrow vision, empty articles, and lack of beauty. All this reflects the low literacy level of students. From this point of view, Chinese literacy is particularly important for the development of Chinese language and students. So how to cultivate students' Chinese literacy, from the perspective of front-line teaching, we can start from the usual Chinese teaching and find some suitable ways to cultivate students' Chinese literacy. Ways and Methods.

1. Cultivate students’ interest in learning Chinese.

In order for students to learn Chinese well and improve their Chinese literacy, they must actively cultivate their interest in learning Chinese. Learning with interest can not only make people concentrate and think deeply, but can even lead to forgetting to sleep and eat; learning without interest will become a kind of hard labor. Guide students to clarify their learning goals and improve their consciousness of learning; guide students to truly understand the importance of learning Chinese; strive to make teaching innovative and enhance its appeal to students; pay attention to the cultivation of emotions and stimulate interest with emotion; cultivate students' extensive Curiosity; stimulate students' interest through beauty; let students be the masters of learning and take the initiative to learn; in-class Chinese learning should be combined with extra-curricular learning, etc.

To stimulate interest in Chinese language learning, you can use the questioning method to stimulate students' positive thinking and desire for knowledge, thereby generating interest in learning. The suspense method can make students feel concerned about the content they are learning, just like "If you want to know what happens next, listen to the breakdown in the next chapter" in the chapter chapter novel, it turns the concern into an interest in learning. In the infection method, in teaching, teachers should deeply explore the emotions contained in the text so that students can be infected and attract students to become interested. Incentive method, psychology believes that the evaluation of students should be based on encouragement. More praise and more encouragement can better arouse students' positive learning motivation, thereby making students interested in learning. The induction method is to induce by using appropriate methods to attract students' other interests to Chinese learning.

2. Combination of classroom reading teaching and extracurricular reading tutoring.

(1) Classroom reading teaching is the main way to improve primary school students’ Chinese literacy.

“Textbooks are the carrier of Chinese learning and examples of cultivating students’ Chinese literacy.” (Zhao Jingrui: “Exploring the True Meaning of Chinese Teaching”) Although the number of texts in the textbooks is limited, they are a reflection of students’ accumulation and The main window to absorb excellent cultural nutrition. Many of the lesson examples in the current People's Education Press primary school Chinese textbooks are master-level masterpieces. They are beautiful in both text and quality. They are classic works, have a certain connotation and depth, and can withstand chants and tastes; there are also some in the textbooks. Works with great characteristics of the times and modern consciousness can allow students to be influenced by modern civilization.

Through reading and pondering, understanding the meaning, understanding the meaning, and appreciating the beauty of language is the process of cultivating the sense of language. Then, articles that have been read and recited by heart will have a subtle impact on students. This is a process of growing latent, accumulating little, making sense, and moving from quantitative change to qualitative change. In this way, good speech habits are developed, language cultivation is strengthened, and a sense of language is acquired.

(2) Counseling students for extracurricular reading is an important guarantee for improving the Chinese literacy of primary school students.

The newly promulgated "Chinese Curriculum Standards" set requirements for the scope and quantity of students' extracurricular reading, requiring students to extensively dabble in books, newspapers and periodicals, and read various types, genres, and styles. works. "It is advocated to do less questions, read more, read well, read good books, and read the whole book." With the popularity of the Internet, students should also be encouraged to browse online. The total amount of extracurricular reading for a primary school graduate should be no less than 1 million words. Extracurricular reading is an extension and expansion of classroom reading. On the one hand, the new knowledge learned in the classroom often requires the cooperation of extracurricular reading to deepen understanding. On the other hand, the skills learned in the classroom can be used in extracurricular reading. As a Application of knowledge and skills and testing. Mr. Ye Shengtao once said: "If you ask the few students with good Chinese proficiency, they will all say that they benefit from extracurricular reading." It is obvious that extensive extracurricular reading can help students broaden their horizons, enrich their knowledge, and increase their wisdom. To improve reading and writing skills, extracurricular reading plays a great role in improving students' Chinese literacy. 1. Expand reading and practice to improve students’ comprehensive Chinese language ability. After each lesson, I will find materials related to the text for students to expand their reading, so that they can expand their reading. Let students have new feelings and new experiences. In addition, they can also access information online to expand their reading capacity. I have downloaded articles "Andersen's Fairy Tales", "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", and excellent compositions for primary school students. Through more reading, students' appreciation level is improved and students' thoughts gradually become deeper.

2. Read more and memorize more, so that students can accumulate more knowledge.

The famous Chinese linguist Mr. Lu Shuxiang once said that when he was studying at Peking University in the 1920s, a foreign professor who taught them Shakespeare would let them read it as soon as class started. If they didn’t understand, they would have to read it. read. In this way, after reading over and over in class, I finally understood the beauty of Shakespeare's plays. It can be seen that reading is very important in Chinese learning. Mr. Ye Shengtao reiterated many times that "to develop the habit of reading, you must read more." In his article "Examples of Intensive Reading Guidance", he strongly recommended "reciting". As the poet Du Fu said, "Reading thousands of volumes, writing is like a spirit." In teaching, pay attention to reading more. When teaching the article "Lilies", in order to understand the character traits of the correspondent, I asked the students to read the text silently and underline the sentences that express the character traits of the correspondent. After the students found it, they read it aloud repeatedly to understand the character traits of the correspondent, and understand what is good about the description and what will happen in the future. Learn from the writing method and write such wonderful works. As a result of paying attention to reading and understanding, students clearly understood how to write character traits.

3. Carry out Chinese activities and enrich cultural accumulation

The Chinese curriculum standards point out: “Chinese is a highly practical course and should focus on cultivating students’ Chinese practical ability, and cultivate this The main way to achieve this ability is also Chinese language practice...". "What you see on paper will eventually be shallow, but you will definitely know that you have to do it in earnest." my country's earliest educational book "Xue Ji" has already stated: "Although there are delicacies, you can't know the taste; although there is the perfect way, you can't know the truth and goodness." No matter what version of the textbook, it all pays attention to students' Chinese practice activities. After many years of Chinese teaching work, I have also deeply felt that the accumulation of Chinese knowledge can only be achieved through specific activities. Activities are one of the necessary ways to enrich students' cultural heritage. I practice from the following aspects.

1. The daily accumulation of one sentence, ancient poems, catchphrases, idioms and allusions is the highlight of the classroom examination. During the accumulation process, students discovered the aesthetic value contained in Chinese characters and found the basis for learning. Fun, conducive to the development of education and teaching, and more conducive to cultivating students' feelings towards national culture.