Effect of drug abuse on sleep

The World Health Organization (WHO) renamed the word drug abuse as "drug dependence" in 1964. Drug dependence can be divided into mental or psychological dependence and physical dependence. The former refers to the craving for drugs after repeated use; The latter refers to some physiological and biochemical changes in the central nervous system after repeated use. Either way, once used repeatedly, it will affect sleep, either unable to sleep or sleepy.

At present, it is generally stipulated by governments that, in addition to drugs, drugs that are not allowed to be taken or injected include narcotic drugs, drugs (such as morphine and heroin), sleeping pills, stimulants and psychedelic drugs (such as marijuana and amphetamine). With the changes of the times and the progress of scientific methods, the types of drugs are changing with each passing day, and the names of various drugs (stimulants) are also varied and varied.

Now common in the market are:

（ 1）FM2

FM2 is the abbreviation of flunitrazepam 2mg, which belongs to benzodiazepine sedative. It is a powerful sleeping pill, which has a great calming effect on mood. If used according to the doctor's advice, it will reduce tension and anxiety, and have a sense of tranquility, relaxation and sleep effects. If used excessively, it will cause drowsiness, trance, anxiety, depression, dyskinesia and unconsciousness. Even if you quit, you will have symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia and delusion.

Dimethyl methylene dioxamphetamine.

MDMA is the abbreviation of MDMA, also known as Happy Pill, Ecstasy and Ecstasy. Adam is a central nervous system stimulant, and its positive role is to make people more open, safe, considerate and energetic, especially excited and insomnia. The negative effect is strong central nervous stimulation, which will lead to the release of a large number of serotonin neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to accelerated heartbeat, sweating, gnashing teeth, vomiting, elevated body temperature, respiratory failure and even death. Nervous system can produce emotional instability, depression, hallucinations, delusions, violence and suicide.

(3) Amphetamines.

Amphetamines mainly stimulate A and β receptors of central and peripheral sympathetic nerves, showing hyperactivity of nervous and cardiovascular systems. In 1930, inhalation therapy was first used in the United States for nasal congestion and nasal congestion, and later for patients with drowsiness. During the Second World War, the French used it to treat soldiers' fatigue on the battlefield and improve their combat effectiveness. The Japanese even use it to improve the work efficiency of workers.

Amphetamine takes effect 15 minutes after taking or injecting, and its clinical manifestations can be divided into three levels (Cai Weizhen, 199 1):

1 grade (mild): talkativeness, irritability, nausea, insomnia, blushing, shivering, mydriasis and night sweats.

Grade II (moderate): the above symptoms are aggravated, and there are confusion, chest tightness, fever, repetitive movements, extreme panic, hallucinations, hypertension and rapid heartbeat.

Grade ⅲ (severe): the above symptoms are aggravated, accompanied by high fever (higher than 40°C), coma, convulsion, cerebral hemorrhage, arrhythmia, heart failure, shock and death.

The psychological dependence of amphetamine is obvious. After drug withdrawal, the body is prone to fatigue, drowsiness and depression.

4 marijuana.

Marijuana excites people after smoking. Physically, they feel relaxed, happy, energetic, confident and excited, and they are particularly sensitive and sensitive to the things around them. It interacts with a variety of mental conduction substances, and it can also cause hallucinations, such as changes in lines, shapes and colors of things; Abnormal feelings in time and space, such as widening space, extremely slow time, light hands and feet, floating body, etc. And there will be erotic excitement, joy may also be transformed into fear, and the disintegration of personality is unrealistic. Physiological symptoms include drowsiness, disorientation, dilated pupils, incoordination between motion and static, bronchiectasis, etc. Some countries or regions prohibit the use of marijuana, but some countries do not. It is said that Shakespeare relied on marijuana to stimulate his writing. Marijuana has a sense of relief at the beginning of its use. If used in large quantities, it will be poisoned, which can be divided into acute and chronic.

Acute poisoning: anxiety, fear, delusion, confusion, disorientation, distortion of time and space, poor coordination of actions, and decreased memory, thinking, attention and judgment.

Chronic poisoning: listlessness, dull expression, backward operation skills, lack of motivation, inattention, abnormal appetite, and obvious abnormal changes in limb and reproductive functions. There are still anxiety, panic, personality and other obstacles after withdrawal.

⑤ Drug abuse.

In addition to the above drugs, there are Su Cikang, Super Glue, Opium, Heroin, Hong Zhong, Whiteboard, Cocaine, Organic Insecticidal Sculpture, Foot-shaking Pill, elisa, Ketamine, Nitrous Oxide, Carcass Preservatives, Juncus Juncus and LSD commonly known as "bronzing".