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How can the use of articles in English be so difficult? What are the difficulties in English?

Definition of articles

Articles are function words, which cannot be used alone and have no meaning. Used before nouns to help express the meaning of nouns.

The article can be said to be the symbol of nouns, without which it cannot exist independently. The number or characteristics of nouns expressed.

Classification of articles

Articles can be divided into three types: indefinite article "a, an", definite article "the" and zero article "/",and zero article refers to the situation where articles are not used.

The indefinite article means general reference and general reference, the definite article means specific reference, specific reference and general reference, and the zero article means general reference to people or things. A and an are only used in singular countable nouns, indicating the meaning of "one", but they do not emphasize the concept of number, only indicating that the noun is not specified. Can be used before countable nouns, singular nouns, plural nouns and uncountable nouns. (/) indicates other nominalized words or proper nouns, so both singular and plural numbers are acceptable.

Usage of indefinite articles

Clever memory of indefinite articles

A and an are two kinds of bodies, and the quantity is not equal to "one"

The first mention of countable nouns can sometimes mean "every"

The indefinite article has two forms: "a" and "an". "A" is used before words that start with consonants, not consonants; "an" is used before words that start with vowels, not vowels (such as hour, the first vowel is "а", so an is used. When the letters appear alone, A E I O R S F H L X should also use the indefinite article "an". Secondly, it should be noted that the letter U appears alone without vowels. Similarly, universities usually do not use the indefinite article "an". But uncle used "An"). There is a formula to decide whether to use "a" or "an": don't use "en (n)" unless you see "the reason (vowel)".

1. is used before the singular form of a countable noun, meaning "one"

There is a tiger in the zoo.

More than one hundred people attended the meeting.

Over 100 people attended the meeting.

2. Represents a person or thing

Tigers can be dangerous.

3. Express the meaning of "one"

A gentleman wants to see you.

Express the meaning of "same"

They are almost the same age.

These two shirts are about the same size.

Express the meaning of "every"

We go swimming four times a week.

6. Used as a predicative before singular countable nouns to indicate identity and occupation.

My mother is a teacher.

7. The person or thing mentioned for the first time did not specify which one.

Once upon a time, there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.

8. In British English, polysyllabic words starting with "h" can be preceded by "an" if the first syllable is not stressed.

He plays football for an hour.

9. In such an equivalent sentence pattern.

He is quite a good actor.

Don't be in such a hurry

10. in the exclamation sentence what ...

What a beautiful girl she is!

Used in some phrases expressing quantity:

Lots and lots

One of a pair.

many

A dozen is a dozen (but a dozen can also be used)

Lots and lots

1 1. In idioms

Suddenly led to a little result; Some are a little

Many = many, many; (of) many ... many (of) ... many have-

Have a good time with a cold (happy, wonderful, great). Have a good time and visit.

Edit this paragraph

Usage of definite article

Cleverly determine the usage of the article;

Both sides are particularly familiar with each other, as mentioned above.

The only musical instrument in the world.

Some proper nouns and plural surnames.

Ordinal number is the highest, so remember idioms.

1. Used of someone or something.

This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.

Used to refer to the person or thing clearly pointed out by both sides of the conversation.

Please open the door.

3. Used to retell the person or thing mentioned above (use "a or an" for the first time and "the" for the second time)

There once lived a lion in the forest. Every day, lions let small animals.

Looking for food for him.

Once upon a time, there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asks the small animals to find food for him.

4. Used before ordinal numbers and superlative adjectives.

January is the first month of the year.

He is always the first to come and the last to leave.

Shanghai is the largest city in China.

5. Represents the earth, the universe and other unique things.

Sun, Sun and Moon

Earth, sky, sky

World world

6. Refers to proper nouns composed of common nouns.

West Lake West Lake Great Wall Great Wall

United States, United States and United Nations

The browns, the browns, the British, the British

WTO world trade organization

7. Indicate the location, orientation and time.

Used to indicate place, direction, specific time or part of a day, etc.

East is in the east and west is in the west.

The front is the front and the back is the back.

At the bottom at the bottom at the top.

Right is right, left is left.

8. In front of geographical terms such as oceans, rivers, lakes, mountains, straits and bays.

Pacific, Pacific, Yellow River and Yellow River

Tianshan Tianshan Tianshan Taiwan Province Strait Taiwan Province Strait

9. Before the plural surname, it means a family.

The Becks came to see me yesterday.

10. Used with some adjectives to nominalize adjectives and indicate a class of people or things.

Poor, rich, rich

Sick patients and wounded

Okay, okay, beautiful, beautiful.

1 1. Used before nouns to indicate class and political party.

Working class, working class

The Communist Party of China (CPC) China * * * Production Party.

Used in very emphasized sentences.

This is just the book I want.

This is the book I want.

13. In the comparative sentence of more, the more

The more you drink, the more you like it.

14. Used before western musical instruments (before non-national musical instruments)

play the piano

play the violin

* Chinese musical instrument nouns are not used with articles: playing erhu]

+n{ invention} must be singular.

Who invented the telephone?

15. Some fixed expressions

In the morning in the morning in the afternoon in the afternoon.

Go to the cinema to watch movies in the evening.

Go to the theatre. Go to the theatre all year round.

On the way to ... ...

16. Singular countable nouns can indicate a class of people or things.

A horse is a useful animal.

Note: There are two ways to write such a sentence.

A horse is a useful animal.

Horses are useful animals.

17. In the sentence pattern of "verb +sb". +preposition +the+ a part of the body ",use the instead.

Use personal pronouns.

Take sb. Grab someone's arm. S arm

Hit sb. On the face.

Blush

In a structure like be lame in the right leg, the noun should be preceded by the.

18 is used before the plural nouns of the century or every ten days {1990}.

18th century.

/kloc-0 in the 1960s/1990s.

19 is often used with nationality adjectives.

The people of China are hardworking and brave.

Used in newspapers, magazines, conferences, articles, meanings, historical periods and dynasties.

Xi' an incident in

2 1. You can use the+adjective (for a class of people).

Poor or poor.

22. Use it before the name

Taylors

Usage of zero article

1. Proper nouns, material nouns and abstract nouns generally do not have articles (add articles when specified).

(/) China China (/) Europe Europe (/) money money (/) music

(/) Ray Feng Lei Feng (/) William Shakespeare William Shakespeare

2. Generally, there is no article before the month, week and festival (add the article when specified).

(/) January (/) Sunday Sunday

Christmas, Christmas and Thanksgiving

(/) National Day National Day (/) Labor Day

Comparison: ... on a Sunday morning.

On a Sunday morning ...)

Note: Spring Festival should be added before national festivals.

3. Generally, no articles are added before three meals and four seasons.

I have lunch at school.

Summer is the best season for swimming.

Summer is a good season for swimming.

I had a big lunch yesterday.

I had a big lunch yesterday. (indicating a certain one)

The dinner provided by Mr. Smith is very good.

The dinner hosted by Mr. Smith was really delicious. (express special meaning)

I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.

I will never forget the summer we spent together in Hawaii.

(express special meaning)

Play ball games

Play basketball, play volleyball, play volleyball.

Play (/) football. Play football.

5. There is no specific material noun.

This cart is made of (/) wood.

This cart is made of wood.

The wood outside is all wet.

All the wood outside is wet. (express special meaning)

6. Unspecified uncountable abstract nouns

Time is precious.

Contrast: The time of the play is 1990s.

The background of this play is the 1990s. (express special meaning)

7. There is no specific countable noun after the plural form.

I like (/) tomatoes.

I like tomatoes.

8. Mountain peak

Mount Everest, Mount Everest

9. fixed phrases

Go to school, go to school, go to sleep, go to sleep.

Go by train, go by train, go by boat, go by boat.

Eat at the (/) table in the (/) hospital.

Studying at (/) school studying at (/) school.

At noon and at night.

At midnight, at midnight, in town.

10. Nouns without articles in independent structures

A boy came in with a book in his hand.

1 1. generally refers to human beings.

(/) Everyone dies.

People are bound to die.

12. In the sentence pattern of "class++noun class++noun"

What kind of (/) flower is this?

What kind of flower is this?

I like this kind of (/) book.

I like this kind of book.

13. Words referring to positions and titles, such as king, captain, president, chairman, leader, etc.

He is the captain of this team.

As the chairman of the Committee, I declare the meeting open.

Comparison: captain of Moritius (Dutch colonial period) head of Mauritius

The collocation of goods and three meals

When the nouns of three meals are used alone, there is usually no article in front.

In addition to adding adjectives before the nouns of three meals:

We have breakfast at eight o'clock.

We have breakfast at 8 o'clock.

He gave us a hearty breakfast.

He treated us to a hearty breakfast.

I was invited to (/) dinner.

They invited me to dinner.

I was invited to a dinner to welcome the new ambassador.

I was invited to a banquet to welcome the new ambassador.

Scots have porridge for breakfast.

The wedding breakfast was held at her father's house.

The wedding brunch was held at her father's house.

Preposition phrases and articles

First, when the following nouns refer to their "main purpose", that is, when they are related to behavior, zero articles should be used.

Eating at the (/) table.

It's beside the table.

Read at the (/) desk.

It's beside the table.

At (/) school, at school.

At school. At school.

The In (/) class is in the class.

In class, in class.

On the (/) bed

In bed. In bed.

In (/) Prison is a prison.

Prison is prison.

In the hospital.

In the hospital (on business) in the hospital

Go to (/) school.

Go to school (on business)

Go to bed.

Go to the (/) hospital to see a doctor

Go to the hospital (on business)

Two.

The take (/) position appears.

Replace this place

In the (/) replacement position

In the place of ... ...

Just in case.

In the case of ... ...

There is no doubt that there is a (/) question (100%).

It's absolutely impossible to go wrong (0%)

Phrases that usually use indefinite articles

After a while.

Suddenly, suddenly

under normal conditions

So, as a result,

In fact,

In general

To be at a loss is to be at a loss.

hurried

to some extent

to sum up in a word

I'm sorry ...

End ... end. ...

end

come to a conclusion

Have a good time.

Take a break, take a break.

catch cold

Talk to ... ...

Have an eye for

Make a living

Make a fire. Make a fire.

deceive

go for a walk

Article position

1) indefinite article position

Indefinite articles usually precede nouns or noun modifiers. note:

A. after the following adjectives: so, what, many, half,

I have never seen such an animal.

Many people are suitable for this job.

B. When the adjective before the noun is modified by adverbs to, so, too, how, however, when sufficient, the indefinite article should be placed after the adjective:

This is the most enjoyable day I have ever spent.

Such a short time.

It's too far.

C. Used with singular nouns, followed by articles.

But there are adjectives before rather and quite, and the indefinite article can be placed before and after it. For example, quite a lot

D in the adverbial clause guided by as, when and slogan are adjectives, the indefinite article is followed by adjectives:

Brave as he is, he trembles at the sight of snakes. Brave as he is, he shivers at the sight of a snake.

When nouns are modified by comparative adjectives, indefinite articles are usually placed after comparative adjectives.

2) Positioning the article

The definite article usually comes before a noun or noun modifier, but it comes before both, double, half, two, three times and nouns after all.

All the students in the class went out. All the students in the class went out.

Article and adjective+noun structure

1) both adjectives have articles, indicating two different meanings.

He keeps a black cat and a white cat. He has a black cat and a white cat.

The black cat and the white cat are hers. Both the black cat and the white cat are his.

A cup of white tea and a cup of black tea, a cup of milk tea and a cup of lemon tea.

2) If the last adjective has no article, it refers to something.

He keeps a black and white cat. He has a colorful cat.

A cup of white tea and black tea and a cup of lemon milk tea.

Misuse of articles

In addition to mastering the basic rules of using articles, we should not stick to the rules and pay attention to the flexible use of articles:

1. Nouns representing unique things in the world usually precede the definite article the; But if there is a modifier before the noun, you can also use the indefinite article a, an.

The world, a peaceful world.

The moon, the bright moon

Generally, there is no article in front of the noun that means three meals a day, but if there is an attribute in front, the indefinite articles A and An can also be used.

Have you had dinner?

We had a big dinner.

3. Generally, the definite article The is used before the noun indicating the musical instrument, but if the attributive modifier appears in front, the indefinite articles A and An can also be used.

He started his day by playing the violin.

He is playing a borrowed violin.

4. Prepositions are used together with nouns representing means of transportation to express a general way. Generally, there is no article in front of them, but if modifiers appear in front of nouns, you should add articles in front of them.

He goes to the station by (/) bus.

He went to the station in a black car.

Generally speaking, there is no article before the noun indicating language, but if the word language appears later, the article the should be added before it.

(/) English = English (/) French = French

6. When turn is used as a copula, there is no article before the singular noun, followed by the predicate.

Many years later, he became a writer. Many years later, he became a writer. )

Article formula

Articles are divided into fixed crowns and indefinite crowns.

The indefinite articles a and an, the meaning table of "-"generally refers to,

Use, order, orientation, superlative,

There is only one object in the world, and people or things are mentioned again.

The following articles are free, and there are three meals in the title game.

The noun plural list generally refers to the period before the season, week and month,

There must be no article in the article. Pause (/) and read the following.

What are the difficulties in English?

The first day:

I remember there was a preparatory class at the beginning of grade one, which started with letters.

The general knowledge of the first grade is: simple present tense, interrogative sentences, etc. It seems that there is still the present continuous tense in the next semester. In short, the focus of senior one is the simple present tense.

The next day:

There seems to be a conditional adverbial clause, object clause, present continuous tense, general past tense, comparative degree, modal verb and general future tense in the second grade. There is also advice. The last unit of next semester is antonym problem.

Third grade:

General future tense, past continuous tense, present perfect tense, present perfect continuous tense, past perfect tense, modal verbs, and some units to consolidate the previous lines.

Generally, section B and section 3a of each unit need to be memorized, because it is an article, which will be useful for composition. From the second semester of Grade Two, there will be a long reading after each unit. Some teachers will explain it in detail, while others will only mention it. It is about three-quarters as long as an A4 piece of paper.

I graduated from junior high school this year. I remember that the past continuous tense, the present perfect continuous tense and the past perfect tense are not test sites.

There may be other omissions, I can't remember clearly. . ~

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