Proportion of classical Chinese in ministry-compiled textbooks

1. About 40 texts have been replaced, and the proportion of classical Chinese has been greatly increased. Where does it come from?

The national primary and secondary schools unified Chinese teaching materials, and the proportion of classical Chinese has been greatly increased

From Starting from September 2017, Chinese language textbooks for primary and secondary schools across the country will be unified into the new "Ministry Edition" (written directly by the Ministry of Education). As a landmark subject of education reform, the era of "one outline and multiple volumes" of Chinese language textbooks for primary and secondary schools has officially come to an end. It is understood that about 40 texts have been replaced in this "Ministry Edition" textbook, and the proportion of classical Chinese texts has been greatly increased. Compared with the previous People's Education Edition, there are a total of 124 ancient poems/articles for the 6th grade of primary school, accounting for 30% of the total texts. For the third grade of junior high school, the total number of ancient poems/articles has increased to 124, accounting for 51.7 of all texts. This is the highest proportion of classical Chinese in Chinese language textbooks in more than a hundred years since the rise of vernacular. With such a regulation, the first thing affected is school teaching - not only do we have to face 40 new teaching contents, but there is also an item in the teaching materials that is almost specially designed for teaching, that is: the introduction of famous works must be implemented in teaching. In this regard, editor-in-chief Wen Rumin explained, “This is in consideration of the shortcomings of insufficient reading that are common in current teaching.” 2. How much has the proportion of Chinese textbooks replaced by classical Chinese textbooks increased?

According to reports, in September this year, newly enrolled primary and secondary school students across the country will use the "Compulsory Education Chinese Textbooks compiled by the Ministry of Education", and the new version of the textbook will replace nearly three Two-thirds of the proportion of ancient texts increased.

According to reports, the relevant person in charge said that the new textbooks rely on four criteria when selecting texts: classic, both text and quality, suitable for teaching, and taking into account the contemporary nature. This time, the "department editor" In "This Book", there are fewer "current articles" that have not yet settled, and some classics have returned. The proportion of traditional culture chapters in this revision has been greatly increased.

Ancient poems have been available since the first grade of elementary school. The 12-volume textbook for six grades of elementary school contains 132 ancient poems and articles, with an average of about 20 articles for each grade, accounting for about 30 of the total texts. There are 124 selected ancient poems and essays in the 6 volumes of junior high school, and the weight has also increased.

The genres of ancient literature are more diverse, ranging from ancient folk songs to poetry and quatrains, from essays on the Han and Han Dynasties to sketches of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Experts said that the best way to teach ancient poetry is to let people feel the beauty of poetry and Chinese language. Primary school students have good memory and read more, recite more, and become familiar with it. Maybe they can’t tell what the beauty is at first, but they will slowly learn it. Slow sedimentation.

Some experts said that when learning classical literature, you should recite more and read it without hesitation. You don’t have to be obsessed with ancient literature. You just need to be able to immerse yourself in it while reading. They hope that the poetry culture can be passed on. 3. What are the overall changes in the ministry-edited Chinese textbooks?

1. The textbooks convey new concepts. Paying attention to reading, paying attention to the development of thinking, and guiding parents and teachers in subtle ways are the concepts conveyed by the new textbooks.

2. The depth of the teaching materials is reflected in the development of thinking. Starting from the first lesson "Middle School Era", the arrangement and design of the new teaching materials reflect the learning guidance of specific methods and skills. Through the design of an open teaching process, Comprehensive use of role-playing, discussion and analysis, reflection and inquiry and other methods to enable students to actively express, be good at thinking, acquire methods, and work hard to practice. 3. Changes in teaching materials have posed new challenges to the theoretical foundation of grassroots teachers, and deeply "tortured" their rational thinking abilities in aspects such as teaching concepts and educational significance.

Extended information: The evolution of the textbook system: The development of textbooks with "one outline, multiple editions" and "multiple editions, multiple editions" can be traced back to the early days of reform and opening up. At that time, the Ministry of Education formulated unified teaching materials, and teaching materials from various places were beginning to bloom, and Chinese courses had just resumed their independent setting.

In 1985, under the guidance of the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Reform of the Education System", we began to reform educational content and methods that were not compatible with socialist modernization. The following year, the National Primary and Secondary School Textbook Approval Committee was established to reform the unified teaching material system, which meant diversifying teaching materials under the premise of unified requirements and approval.

In 1991, two sets of teaching materials for the nine-year compulsory education, the "May 4th System" and the "63rd System", were produced by the People's Education Press. After it was put into use in 1993, teaching materials published by Guangdong, Sichuan, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Beijing Normal University were submitted for review and entered classrooms everywhere.

In 1999, a new round of basic education curriculum reform was launched, and a competition mechanism for teaching materials was introduced. Local teaching materials and school-based teaching materials suitable for local development were developed in various places. In the fall semester of 2000, new Chinese textbooks appeared in primary and secondary schools across the country, and the "Chinese Teaching Syllabus (Revised Edition)" was officially implemented at the same time. It has set higher requirements for the teaching of ancient poetry and emphasized cultivating students' self-learning ability and writing. , expression ability.

In the new local textbooks used in Beijing in 2007, the contents of Lu Xun’s articles were adjusted, and famous articles such as "The True Story of Ah Q" and "In Memory of Liu Hezhen" were abandoned and selected " Sword Forging". In addition, content from Jin Yong's novels has also been added.

Under the guidance of the "National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020)", the Ministry of Education once again organized experts to revise and improve the curriculum standards for various subjects in compulsory education, and issued compulsory education Chinese Curriculum Standards for Other Subjects (2011 Edition). In this new Chinese language curriculum standard, which was implemented in the fall of 2012, the requirements for primary school students to be able to write Chinese characters have been reduced, but the number of articles that need to be memorized has been increased.

This time, Geng Yumiao specifically looked at the literacy part first. “The first volume of the first grade requires students to recognize 300 characters, but they are only required to be able to write 100 of them. This highlights the need to recognize more and less. "Write." This is in line with her understanding of children's age and psychological characteristics. "Children around 6 years old have not very developed muscle groups in their hands. It is very troublesome for them to write, but they can read quickly."

On the day when textbooks were distributed to new students, Geng Yumiao remembered that children were easily attracted to pictures and large characters, which made it easier to concentrate. “The illustrations have changed a lot. They are quite cute and more in line with The characteristics of children and the painting style are also combined with some content from the textbooks of the Republic of China." The proportion of ancient poems and articles is still increased, with 129 articles in primary school textbooks and 132 articles in junior high schools.

The Teaching Materials Bureau of the Ministry of Education responded to "China News Weekly" that this is based on the principle of strengthening the education of excellent traditional Chinese culture, "Let children have more exposure to ancient poetry and accept more excellent traditions during the period when their memory is strongest. The influence of culture; then select ancient poems. The ancient poems recommended in the Chinese curriculum standards are all popular classics, including poems that praise the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, and famous poems that reflect love for the motherland and active progress. It needs us to inherit it.” Based on the text selection requirements of combining “humanistic spirit” and “language elements”, the writing team included Lu Xun’s “Mr. Fujino”, “Hometown” and “Kong Yiji” this time; Zhu Ziqing’s “Spring”. "" Back View"; Lao She's "Winter in Jinan" and other articles take into account both classicity and contemporary relevance.

Overall, the number of texts has been reduced, but extracurricular derivative reading has been increased. For example, new columns such as "Reading with Adults" have been added to the primary school level, and a certain amount of self-reading texts and guided readings of classics have been set up in junior high schools.