Columbus opened a route from Europe to America. 1992 is the 500th anniversary of Columbus's voyage to the Western Ocean, and many European countries hold commemorative activities for it.

(1) Aft

Columbus opened a route from Europe to America. 1992 is the 500th anniversary of Columbus's voyage to the Western Ocean, and many European countries hold commemorative activities for it.

(1) After Columbus sailed to America, the European colonial plunder in America brought great wealth to Europe and promoted the development of European capitalism. (***4 points)

(2) Whether it conforms to the historical development trend. (2) Whether it promotes the development of productive forces; (3) Whether it conforms to the people's interests and aspirations; (4) Evaluating historical events in a specific historical environment, respectively evaluating subjective purpose and objective function; (5) Concrete analysis of specific historical events; (5) Comprehensive viewpoint and the method of splitting into two. (***6 points)

(3) After Columbus sailed to America, the European colonial plunder in America brought great disaster to Indians. (Scoring description: only one meaning can be answered, 2 points)

Test analysis: This question examines students' understanding of the impact of the development of new routes. According to the material information and the knowledge learned, the answer is as follows:

(1) European countries erected the Columbus Monument because after Columbus opened a new air route, European colonists began to colonize and plunder, which brought great wealth to Europe and promoted the development of European capitalism.

(2) This issue involves the evaluation of historical issues. To evaluate a historical issue, we should take ① whether it conforms to the historical development trend. ② Whether it has promoted the development of productive forces; ③ Whether it conforms to people's interests and aspirations; ④ Evaluating historical events in a specific historical environment; separately evaluating subjective purpose and objective function; ⑤ Concrete analysis of specific historical events; ⑤ Comprehensive viewpoint; understanding and evaluating in two ways.

(3) According to the knowledge learned and the understanding of the influence on the opening of new air routes, Europeans and Americans hold different attitudes towards Columbus. To answer this question, students need to understand the influence of Columbus' opening up a new air route from Europe to America from two aspects. For Europe, the opening of the new air route brought talents to America and promoted the development of Europe, so Europeans praised Columbus. For America, after Columbus arrived in America, he plundered the wealth of America and gave it.

Comments: This question is moderately difficult. It examines the students' historical facts about the opening of new air routes and their ability to influence and evaluate historical issues. The opening of a new air route is a great event in the history of the world, which has a far-reaching impact in many aspects and is the focus of the examination proposition. This problem is a material analysis problem. The second is to look at the materials with questions. The third is to combine the textbook knowledge, analyze and judge what historical facts and knowledge points the materials reflect, and finally get the answer.