Write an English composition and translation about what are the characteristics of Heilongjiang?

Heilongjiang is one of the largest rivers in Asia that flows through Mongolia, China, and Russia. It is located in northeastern Asia. In ancient China, it was called Yushui, Heishui, Yushui, Wangjian River, Shilihan River, etc. In Mongolian, it was called Haram River, and in Russian, it was called Amur River.

Heilongjiang has two sources, the north and the south. The southern source is the Ergun River, with a total length of 4,440 kilometers. It flows into the Strait of Okhotsk in Nikolayevsk, Russia. The total length of Heilongjiang is 4,440 kilometers (some say 4,370 kilometers) from the source of the Hailar River, and about 5,498 kilometers with the Kherulun River as the source. The border river between China and Russia is 3,000 kilometers long, and it is more than 1,400 kilometers long in Russia. The drainage area is 1.856 million square kilometers. Among them, the drainage area in China is 891,000 square kilometers, and the main stream (starting from the mouth of the Shilka River in Luoguhe Village in the northwest of Mohe County) is 2,821 kilometers long. It is one of the four major rivers in China (including Heilongjiang, Yellow River, Yangtze River and Pearl River) and one of the ten largest rivers in the world.

Heilongjiang was originally an inland river in China, the third largest river after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. During the Qing Dynasty, Tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the unequal "Sino-Russian Aigun Treaty" and "Beijing Treaty", and the upper and middle reaches were designated as the boundary river between China and Russia. The lower reaches below Khabarovsk (Khabarovsk) consist of all Russian inland rivers. In 2004, the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation signed a final boundary agreement, delineating the national boundary between the two countries with Heilongjiang as the basic boundary.

The Heilongjiang river basin is vast, including China, Russia, Mongolia, and North Korea, and 15 first-level administrative regions. The source area of ??the river is the Mongolian grassland, and most of the middle and lower reaches are located in the low mountains and plains of the Greater Khingan Mountains forest area. . The water resources within the river are abundant and the shipping conditions are good.

The total length of Heilongjiang is 4,440 kilometers (some say 4,370 kilometers) from the source of the Hailar River. Taking the Kherulun River (originating from the south side of the Kent Mountains in Mongolia) as the source, it is about 5,498 kilometers. The border river between China and Russia is 3,000 kilometers long. km, it is more than 1,400 kilometers long in Russia and has a drainage area of ??1.856 million square kilometers. The main stream (starting from the mouth of the Shileka River in Luoguhe Village in the northwest of Mohe County) is 2,821 kilometers long, and its basin area in China accounts for approximately 48% of the entire basin area. Heilongjiang is an important international river and the world's first international boundary river. Its basin includes China, Russia, Mongolia, and North Korea, and 15 first-level administrative regions, including: China's Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Liaoning Province; Russia's Primorsky Krai, Khabarovsk Krai, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Amur Oblast, Transbaikal Territory; Mongolia's Vostok Province, Sukhbaatar Province, Kent Province, East Gobi Province, and Central Province; North Korea's Yanggang Province.

Heilongjiang has two sources, the north and the south. The southern source is the Ergun River, and its upper source is the Hailar River, which originates from the western slope of the Greater Khingan Mountains in China; the northern source is the Shilka River, and its upper source is Enen. The river originates from the eastern foot of Kent Mountain in the northern part of the Mongolian People's Republic.

The Ergun River is the main source of Heilongjiang. It is called "Wangjian River" in history. It is the transliteration of honkirnaur in Tungus language (Ewenki language), which means Ewenki River. It is called the Wangjian River in the "Old Book of Tang", the Ergune River in the "Secret History of Mongolia", the Yeliguna River in the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", and the Yelguna River in the "History of the Ming Dynasty". It is Arunalian and has been called the Ergun River since the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the Hulunbuir region in the northeastern part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Except for the Hailar River section, most of the river sections are the border rivers between China and Russia. The Ergun River has a total length of 970 kilometers, with the Hailar River as its upper source (or east source), with a total length of 1,666 kilometers. Another 1,620 kilometers (1,007 miles, including 622 kilometers of the Hailar River). The main tributary (or west source) is the Klulen River. The total drainage area is 150,000 square kilometers. The right bank of the Ergun River is surrounded by mountains and forests, and is the hometown of Genghis Khan.

Shilka River, the northern source of Heilongjiang. It is formed by the confluence of Yingoda River and Enen River. It flows through the southeastern part of Chita Prefecture in Russia and is called Heilongjiang after converging with the Ergun River. 560 kilometers long. The basin area is 206,000 square kilometers. The average annual flow at the estuary is 550 cubic meters/second, and the annual runoff is 14 cubic kilometers. It forms the border river between China and Russia, Heilongjiang. July to August is the flood season, with frequent floods. Navigation below Sretensk is open. It freezes from the end of October to the beginning of November to the end of April to the beginning of May, and the freezing period is about half a year. According to old Chinese records, the Shilka River is the upper source of Heilongjiang.

The main stream of Heilongjiang River begins at the confluence of Shilka River and Ergun River, 2,824 kilometers (1,755 miles) away from the river mouth. The Shilka River originates from the confluence of the Ingoda River in Siberia and the Onen River in Mongolia, more than 547 kilometers (340 miles) inland. The Ergun River originates in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, approximately 1,609 kilometers (1,000 miles) from its confluence with the Shilka River. The watershed covers an area of ??approximately 1,855,000 square kilometers (716,200 square miles) and includes many rivers and lakes. The main tributaries include the Zeya, Breya and Amgun rivers in Siberia, the Songhua River in China, and the Ussuri River, the border river between eastern China and Siberia.

It is customary to divide Heilongjiang into three sections: upper, middle and lower reaches. Starting from the confluence point of the north and south sources of Heilongjiang River and ending at the confluence point of Heilongjiang River and Ussuri River in Khabarovsk (khabarovsk), Russia, it is the boundary river between China and Russia. The upper reaches from Luoguhe Village to Heihe City are 900 kilometers long; the middle reaches from Heihe City to the Wusuli River Estuary are 950 kilometers long; the lower reaches below the Wusuli River Estuary are 970 kilometers long.

Its upper reaches flow through the valley between the remaining veins of the Greater Khingan Mountains covered by dense larch forests and the pine-shaded slopes of the Amazar Mountains. Near Albazino in Siberia, mountains separate and rivers enter open plateau areas. The middle reaches flow into the Zeya River-Buleya River Basin. The left slope of the river valley blends into the plain, making it difficult to detect, while the right slope is adjacent to the Xiaoxinan Mountains. It then crossed the Xiaoxing'an Mountains along a narrow canyon-like channel, its depth and speed increasing rapidly. Downstream it flows between low, overflowing banks and enters a vast marsh, cut by channels and dotted with lakes and pools; the bed is branched and the channels become very wide.

Near Leninskoye in Siberia, the Songhua River, the largest tributary of the Heilongjiang River, pours its yellow, silt-filled water into it, and the Ussuri River joins it near Khabarovsk. The riverbed became a labyrinth of tributaries, harbor branches, old riverbeds, islands, sandbanks and headlands. In Khabarovsk, the Heilongjiang River is only 370 kilometers away from the coast of the Sea of ??Japan, but after being changed by the Sikhot Mountains, the north current flows 966 kilometers before entering the sea.

I hope I can help you clear up your doubts.