What are the national agricultural policies?

Collection of National Policies and Projects to Support Agriculture in 211 (3 items) \ xd \ xd \ 1. General requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for agricultural and rural work this year \ xd \ xd \ The general requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for agricultural and rural work in 211 are to conscientiously implement the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the Seventeenth Central Committee. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, we should thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, firmly grasp the important strategic opportunity period of China's development, firmly grasp the important task of accelerating the development of modern agriculture, accelerate the transformation of agricultural development mode, and persist in "doing everything possible and making efforts to ensure" (that is, doing everything possible to keep the grain output stable at more than 1 trillion Jin, and doing everything possible to keep the income growth of farmers at more than 7%, Strive to ensure that no major regional animal epidemic will occur, and strive to ensure that no major agricultural product quality and safety incidents will occur), vigorously develop water conservancy, strengthen the foundation, develop production and ensure supply, improve efficiency and increase income, enhance capacity and promote transformation, prevent risks and ensure safety, reform and innovation to increase vitality, strive to win a good harvest throughout the year, consolidate the good momentum of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, achieve a good start in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and take new steps to promote modern agriculture and new rural construction, providing important support for increasing effective supply and stabilizing the overall price level. \xd\ \xd\ Building a strong foundation for water conservancy is to substantially increase investment, carry out large-scale construction, vigorously promote reform, and strive to consolidate the most important foundation for water conservancy. To develop production and ensure supply is to gain a bumper harvest based on disaster resistance, ensure that the grain output is stable above \ xd \ xd \ 1 trillion Jin, and the production of "vegetable basket" products develops steadily, so as to promote the total amount and structural balance of major agricultural products, ensure the effective supply of the market and promote the stability of the overall price level. To improve efficiency and income is to promote agricultural production and efficiency, speed up the transfer of rural labor and employment, so that farmers' income will continue to grow rapidly. To enhance the ability to promote transformation is to consolidate the foundation of agricultural development, steadily improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, strive to increase the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology by more than 1 percentage point, and increase the comprehensive mechanization rate of farming and harvesting by more than 2 percentage points. Preventing risks and ensuring safety means persistently strengthening the supervision of agricultural products quality and safety, preventing and controlling major animal diseases and preventing market risks, and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products, animal health and safety, and agricultural production safety. Reform and innovation to increase vitality means continuing to deepen rural reform, actively promoting the construction of modern agricultural demonstration areas, doing a good job in rural reform pilot areas, and exploring the establishment and improvement of institutional mechanisms to mobilize the enthusiasm of local and farmers. \ xd \ xd \ 2. Policy of substantially increasing investment in agriculture and rural areas \ xd \ xd \ In 211, the central government decided to continue to substantially increase investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and consolidate and improve the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers. It is necessary to earnestly achieve "three emphases and three guarantees", that is, the focus of fiscal expenditure is tilted to agriculture and rural areas, ensuring that the total amount and increment used for agriculture and rural areas are improved; The investment in fixed assets in the budget is mainly used for the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure to ensure that the total amount and proportion are further improved; Land transfer proceeds will focus on agricultural land development, farmland water conservancy and rural infrastructure construction to ensure full extraction and targeted use. \ xd \ xd \ In 211, the central government allocated 988.45 billion yuan for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, an increase of 13.48 billion yuan or 15.2% over the previous year. Among them, first, the expenditure on supporting agricultural production was 393.87 billion yuan, mainly including 157.54 billion yuan for strengthening agricultural and rural infrastructure construction focusing on water conservancy, 23 billion yuan for comprehensive agricultural development, 3.6 billion yuan for agricultural poverty alleviation and development, 13.66 billion yuan for grassland ecological protection subsidies and incentives, and 9.46 billion yuan for agricultural insurance premiums. The second is to arrange "four subsidies" for agriculture of 14.6 billion yuan, specifically, direct subsidies for grain of 15.1 billion yuan, comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials of 86 billion yuan, subsidies for improved varieties of 22 billion yuan and subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery of 17.5 billion yuan. Third, the expenditure on promoting the development of rural education, health and other social undertakings was 396.36 billion yuan, of which 16 billion yuan was awarded for the construction of village-level public welfare undertakings. \ xd \ xd \ In the drought relief work in winter and spring this year, according to the spirit of the the State Council executive meeting, the central government has arranged drought relief funds of \ xd \ xd \ 12.9 billion yuan in two batches. It is used to support the backbone project of large-scale irrigation area reconstruction, grain production and rural water conservancy project construction in arid areas, and to implement drought-resistant watering subsidies, fertilizer subsidies for weak seedlings at jointing stage of winter wheat, equipment subsidies for drought-resistant service teams, and subsidies such as specialized prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests, seedling raising in greenhouses in northeast China, and plastic film mulching in southwest and northwest China. \xd\ \xd\ 3. Policy of direct subsidies for grain production and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials \ xd \ xd \ In 211, direct subsidies for grain farmers will continue to be implemented, and the subsidy funds are required to be distributed to farmers engaged in grain production in principle, which will be determined by the provincial people's governments according to the actual situation. In the future, direct subsidies to grain farmers will be gradually increased, and direct grain subsidies will be linked to grain planting area, output and the quantity of commercial grain sold. Establish and improve the dynamic adjustment system of comprehensive agricultural subsidies. According to the price changes of agricultural materials such as fertilizers and diesel oil, follow the principle of "price compensation as a whole, dynamic adjustment, only increase but not decrease" to arrange comprehensive agricultural subsidies in time, reasonably make up for the increased cost of agricultural means of production for grain farmers, and add some key support to large grain farmers. This year, the central government has arranged a direct subsidy of 15.1 billion yuan for grain and a comprehensive subsidy of 86 billion yuan for agricultural materials, totaling 11.1 billion yuan. In January, the central government has pre-allocated 98.6 billion yuan of local subsidy funds, striving to pay them directly to farmers through "one card" or "one discount" before spring ploughing. \xd\ \xd\ 4. Improved seed subsidy policy \ xd \ xd \ In 211, the scale of improved seed subsidies was further expanded, and the standards of some varieties were further improved. This year, the central government allocated 22 billion yuan in subsidies for improved varieties, an increase of 1.6 billion yuan over the previous year. Rice, wheat, corn, cotton, soybeans in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, winter rape in 1 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River basin, Xinyang, Henan, Hanzhong, Shaanxi and Ankang will be fully covered. Wheat, corn, soybeans and rape are subsidized to 1 yuan per mu, and the subsidies for improved wheat varieties in Xinjiang are increased to 15 yuan. The subsidy standard for early rice has been raised to 15 yuan, which is the same as that for middle and late rice and cotton; Rice, corn, rape subsidies to take direct cash subsidies, wheat, soybeans, cotton can take unified bidding, price difference to buy seed subsidies, but also direct cash subsidies, specifically determined by the provinces according to the actual situation; We will continue to implement subsidies for potato seed production, highland barley seed subsidies in Tibetan areas, and peanut seed subsidies in some peanut producing areas. \ xd \ xd \ 5. Agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy \ xd \ xd \ In 211, the purchase subsidy for agricultural machinery and tools increased to 17.5 billion yuan, an increase of 2 billion yuan over the previous year, and the scope of subsidies continued to cover all agricultural counties (farms) in China. The types of subsidized machines and tools cover 18 items in 12 categories, 46 subcategories, and on this basis, 3 items can be added by localities themselves. The central financial subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery shall be fixed, and the same type and grade of agricultural machinery shall be subject to unified subsidy standards in the province. The fixed subsidy is not more than 3% of the average price of each province and market, and the proportion of subsidies in counties and key schistosomiasis control areas in Wenchuan earthquake can be increased to 5%. The upper limit of single-machine subsidy is 5, yuan, and the single-machine subsidy limit of large tractors, high-performance forage harvesters, large no-tillage seeders, milking machinery, large-scale combine harvesters, large-scale program-controlled equipment for soaking seeds and accelerating germination of rice, and dryers with more than 1 horsepower can be raised to 12, yuan; The subsidy for large cotton pickers, sugarcane harvesters and tractors with a horsepower of more than 2 can be increased to 2, yuan. \ xd \ xd \ 6. Improve the minimum purchase price policy for important grain varieties \ xd \ xd \ In order to further increase support for grain production and increase farmers' income from growing grain, the state has decided to appropriately raise the minimum purchase price level of wheat and rice produced in the main producing areas in 211 from the time when new grain is listed. The minimum purchase price per 5 kg of white wheat (third-class, the same below), red wheat and mixed wheat was raised to 95 yuan, 93 yuan and 93 yuan, respectively, which was higher than that of 5 yuan, 7 yuan and 7 yuan in 21, with price increases of 5.6%, 8.1% and 8.1% respectively; The minimum purchase price of early indica rice (third-class, the same below), mid-late rice and japonica rice per 5kg was raised to 12 yuan, 17 yuan and 128 yuan respectively, which was 9.7%, 1.3% and 21.9% higher than that of 9 yuan, 1 yuan and 23 yuan in 21. Raising the minimum purchase price of wheat and rice will help to compensate the increase of grain production cost, promote the steady growth of farmers' income from grain production and ensure the stable development of grain production. \xd\ \xd\ 7. Incentive policy for major grain-producing counties \ xd \ xd \ In order to improve and enhance the financial situation of major grain-producing counties and mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments to attach importance to agriculture and grasp grain, the central government issued the incentive policy for major grain-producing counties in 25. Since the implementation of the policy, on the one hand, the central government has increased incentives year by year, on the other hand, it has continuously improved the incentive mechanism. In 21, the scale of incentive funds for major grain-producing counties was about 21 billion yuan, and the number of incentive counties reached more than 1,. In order to encourage local governments to produce more grain and adjust more grain, the central government will directly "calculate and allocate incentive funds to counties" based on the weights of grain commodity quantity, output and sown area of 5%, 25% and 25% respectively, combined with regional financial factors. The central government will give key rewards to super-large counties whose grain output or commodity volume are respectively in the top 1 in the country; Super-grain-producing counties implement a dynamic adjustment system of "who declines, who quits, who increases production and who enters" in grain production. Since 28, within the framework of the reward policy for major grain-producing counties, the reward for major oil-producing counties has been increased, and the provincial people's government has determined the reward conditions according to the principle of "highlighting key varieties and rewarding key counties (cities)", benefiting more than 9 counties across the country. In order to give full play to the role of incentive funds in promoting grain production and circulation, the central government has established an incentive mechanism of "combining stock and increment, and paying equal attention to incentives and constraints", requiring that all new funds after 28 be used to promote the expenditure on grain and oil safety, and the former stock can continue to be used as financial transfer payment by the county finance, but after the local financial difficulties are greatly alleviated, it should be gradually adjusted to support the expenditure on grain safety. At the same time, it is stipulated that reward funds shall not buy or update cars in violation of regulations, build new office buildings and training centers, and engage in unrealistic "image projects" that waste people and money. In 211, the central government allocated 22.5 billion yuan of incentive funds, and in addition to the general fiscal transfer payment incentive policy, the large grain-producing counties were given appropriate incentives for increasing production. \ xd \ xd \ In addition, in 211, the central government increased the budget of grain risk fund by 4 billion yuan and allocated it to the province to continue to cancel the local matching of grain risk funds in major grain producing areas. Together with the 5.8 billion yuan that has been phased out in 29 and 21, the central government has completely cancelled the local matching of grain risk funds in major grain producing areas in three years. In the future, the 24.9 billion yuan of grain risk funds in major grain producing areas will be fully subsidized by the central government, reducing the financial burden of major grain producing areas by 9.8 billion yuan every year. \xd\ \xd\ 8. Incentive policy for big counties of pigs \xd\ \xd\ The policy of transferring pigs out of big counties was implemented in 27, with the purpose of mobilizing the local enthusiasm for developing pig industry, promoting the production and circulation of pigs, guiding the effective connection between production and marketing, and ensuring the supply security of pork market. In 21, the central government allocated 3 billion yuan as incentive funds, which were earmarked for the development of pig production and industrialized operation. According to the principle of "guiding production, allocating more prizes, directly allocating to counties, and using them for special purposes", the incentive funds are calculated according to the weights of pig transfer, slaughter and stock, which are 5%, 25% and 25% respectively. In 21, 362 counties were awarded. In 211, the central government continued to implement the reward of transferring pigs out of large counties. Mainly used for pig farm (household) pig house renovation, introduction of improved varieties, epidemic prevention management, manure treatment and loan discount; Support the backbone enterprises of pig industrialization to integrate the industrial chain, guide the convergence of production and marketing, and improve the yield and quality of pigs. \xd\ \xd\ 9. Promoting the policy of establishing high-yield grain, cotton, oil and sugar on a large scale \xd\ \xd\ Carrying out the policy of establishing high-yield grain, cotton, oil and sugar is an important starting point for promoting the stable development of grain, cotton, oil and sugar production. Through the organic combination of good fields, improved varieties, good methods, good systems and good opportunities, we can tap the potential of increasing production, integrate and popularize advanced practical technologies, and promote a balanced increase in large areas. In 21, the central government allocated a special fund of 1 billion yuan to build 5, high-yield demonstration films with a total area of over 56 million mu. Among them, there are 438 grain crops, 37 oil crops and 5 demonstration films with 1, mu of newly added sugar. * * * Benefited 748 townships (times), 37688 villages (times) and 12677 farmers (times). According to the "Opinions of General Office of the State Council on Carrying out the Action of Stable Grain Increase in 211", this year, we will further increase investment, innovate mechanisms, and further promote the creation of high-yield grain on a larger scale, in a wider scope and at a higher level. We will select 5 counties (cities) and 5 townships (towns) with good basic conditions and great potential for increasing production, and carry out pilot projects to promote the creation of high-yield grain by the whole township and county. The 8 major grain-producing counties (fields) in the National Plan for Increasing Grain Production Capacity by 1 Billions Jin (29-22) should also integrate resources and actively promote the establishment of high-yield in the whole township and county. This year, the central government will increase 5 million yuan of subsidy funds for high-yield creation on the basis of last year. \xd\ \xd\ 1. Construction of high-standard farmland policy \xd\ \xd\ Large-scale construction of high-standard farmland for drought and flood protection is a major decision made by the central government. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the central government invested more than 2 billion yuan, and the relevant state departments actively supported the construction of farmland infrastructure according to the division of responsibilities and their respective funding channels, focusing on the main grain producing areas. Among them, in 21, the state allocated 5.5 billion yuan for field engineering construction and built 13.8 million mu of high-standard grain fields. Through the construction of high-standard farmland, the irrigation and drainage conditions of farmland have been improved, the quality of cultivated land has been improved, the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been enhanced, and a strong resource condition guarantee has been provided for the stable development of grain and the continuous increase of farmers' income. \ xd \ xd \ In 211, the relevant departments of the State Council are working hard to draw up the construction plan of high-standard farmland in accordance with the requirement of "building high-standard farmland on a large scale to ensure the harvest of drought and flood" put forward by the Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and determine the guiding ideology, objectives, tasks, zoning layout, completion standards and main measures of the national high-standard farmland construction, so as to guide all departments and localities to carry out the construction of high-standard farmland. At the same time, actively raise and implement construction funds, highlight key areas, grasp the outstanding problems of farmland irrigation and drainage, soil quality and farming technology, and vigorously promote the construction of high-standard farmland.