Prevent plague

1. Strictly control the source of infection.

(1) If the patient management finds a suspected or confirmed patient, it shall immediately report the epidemic situation through emergency telephone and Internet, which shall not exceed 2 hours in cities and 6 hours in rural areas. At the same time, patients will be closely isolated, and visits and communication with patients are prohibited. The patient's excrement should be thoroughly disinfected, and the patient's death should be cremated or buried deeply. Patients with pneumonic plague should be strictly isolated to prevent airborne transmission. Patients with various types of plague should be isolated separately, and patients with pneumonic plague should be in separate rooms. You can't live in the same room with other plague patients. The bubonic plague was isolated until lymphadenopathy completely disappeared, and then observed for 7 days, and the pneumonic plague was isolated until sputum culture was negative for 6 times. Plague contacts should be isolated for 9 days, and the isolation period of those who have been vaccinated should be extended to 12 days.

(2) eliminate the source of animal infection, monitor the plague epidemic among rats in natural foci, control the plague among rats, and extensively carry out the patriotic health campaign for rodent control.

2. Cut off the route of transmission

(1) In order to eliminate fleas, people should spray safe and effective pesticides on their bodies and clothes. Fleas must be completely eliminated, and cats, dogs and livestock should also be sprayed with drugs.

(2) strengthen the traffic and national mirror quarantine. Foreign ships, vehicles, planes, etc. Passengers from epidemic areas must undergo strict frontier health quarantine, rodent control and flea control, and conduct quarantine inspection on passengers.

3. Protecting vulnerable groups

(1) Contact personnel should avoid contact with fleas during the epidemic. People who have come into contact with patients with bubonic plague should be disinfected with appropriate pesticides. All contacts should be evaluated whether they need to take antibiotics for prevention. After contact with patients suspected or diagnosed with pneumonic plague, tetracycline or chloramphenicol should be taken four times within one week after the last contact. You can also take sulfadiazine orally; In addition, ciprofloxacin is also sensitive to Yersinia pestis.

(2) When it is prevalent among rats, the residents in and around the epidemic area and the staff entering the epidemic area should be vaccinated. It is often used as a working vaccine for EV avirulent strains, and it is scratched and inoculated on the skin, that is, 2 drops of bacterial liquid with an interval of 3 ~ 4 cm. Immunization can be obtained after 2 weeks. At present, vaccines can not provide long-term immune protection against bubonic plague and pneumonic plague, so they are usually vaccinated once a year, and then vaccinated again after 6 months if necessary. The antibody F 1 produced by the newly developed vaccine 06 173 in China is higher than the plant height of EV 1 times.

(3) Personal protection of medical personnel Medical personnel who enter the epidemic area must be vaccinated and can enter the epidemic area after two weeks. When working, you must wear protective clothing, masks, hats, gloves, glasses, rubber shoes and isolation gown.