Pastoral Courses

Education goes hand in hand with human life, life and education are inseparable, and education is lifelong. Tao Xingzhi believes that “what kind of life you live is what kind of education you will receive: if you live a healthy life, you will receive a healthy education; if you live a scientific life, you will receive a scientific education; if you live a working life, you will receive a working education; if you live an artistic life, you will receive a working education. If you live a life of social revolution, you will be educated by art; if you live a life of social revolution, you will be educated of social revolution." The environment of pastoral education is very different from the social environment. Carrying out pastoral activities can help children feel the harmonious neighborhood relationship and stay away from the hustle and bustle of the city. The pace of life in big cities is relatively fast, and people rarely have frequent communication and interaction with neighbors. If a child lives in a big city for a long time, it is inevitable that his ability to do outdoor activities will be reduced, and he may even be afraid of talking to others. In order to cultivate children's optimistic and positive attitude towards life from an early age, pastoral activities can be used to stimulate the development of their social awareness. "Pastoral Curriculum" takes advantage of the particularity and authenticity of the natural environment to guide children to experience the rural environment and farming culture in an all-round way, and transform curriculum awareness into rural pastoral curriculum resources through game activities. This open teaching method can attract children's interest in learning more than "confined" classrooms and rigid textbooks, and greatly promotes the close relationship between teachers and children, and between children and parents, which is beneficial to children's growth. and development.

2. Introduce teaching examples of pastoral courses to improve children’s language expression

With the development of the times, the social economic situation has undergone tremendous changes. People’s production and life The connections are also moving towards diversified social interactions. Pastoral courses that are in line with the new era have gradually attracted the attention of major educational institutions. The rural scenery is rich and diverse, with many beautiful natural objects. For example, rice fields, ponds, Bashang grasslands, sea of ??rapeseed flowers, etc. are all the most beautiful "resources" treasures that nature has given to human beings. The pastoral curriculum uses colorful pastoral games as the teaching carrier and natural geography as the teaching environment, which is closer to the children's inner world and can help them show and express themselves.

Since the pastoral curriculum has been introduced, teaching activities must be "adapted to the local area" and highly consistent with the natural geographical environment of rural pastoral areas to effectively improve the physical and mental health development of children. Mr. Tao Xingzhi pointed out: "Creation requires a broad foundation. Only by liberating space can we collect rich information, expand our horizons of understanding, and unleash our inner creativity." Liberate children's space and let them get in touch with nature. The flowers, grass, trees, green mountains, green water, sun, moon, stars, as well as the scholars, farmers, workers, merchants, and the three religions and nine streams in the large society, freely ask questions about the universe, make friends with all things, and learn about the three hundred and sixty practices of ancient and modern times at home and abroad. study. Let children go to nature to cultivate and exercise their observation skills. Keen observation is an important condition for creation. For example, simulated farm planting, introducing small saplings for children to cultivate themselves, children can experience the fun of pastoral activities while carrying out planting activities. When faced with planting problems, they would help each other or seek advice from experienced neighbors. The enthusiastic children will also give the fruits of their own planting to the farmer uncle who has helped them. It can be seen that this kind of pastoral course that allows children to experience it in person has greatly trained children's hands-on ability, which is far incomparable to the simple classroom teaching model.

3. Optimize the construction of pastoral curriculum and train children’s comprehensive skills

Tao Xingzhi advocated “taking society as the school” and “school and society being integrated”, emphasizing social practice education Thought, it also advocates the educational methods of inspiration, automation, using both hands and brain, and "teaching and doing in one". It can also inspire us to teach in a flexible way that is adapted to local conditions, people's conditions, and effectiveness. Different from traditional early childhood teaching, pastoral courses get rid of the shortcomings of exam-oriented education and encourage children to get out of the classroom and release their nature. It is actually a curriculum form that promotes the physical and mental development of children. Since the reform and opening up, people's living standards have become higher and higher, and most families have moved from rural areas to cities. Children in the new era have lived in big cities since childhood, and their noisy and noisy environment is not conducive to their growth. On the contrary, the quiet and elegant rural pastoral life is the "happy kingdom" that children yearn for.

On the vast grassland, children can run freely and shout to their heart's content; beside the surging creek, children can play in the water and feel the refreshing and refreshing nature, which has a unique flavor. The implementation of pastoral education courses is also an interpretation and practice of the "six liberations" of Mr. Tao Xingzhi's educational thought: liberating children's eyes, liberating children's brains, liberating children's hands, liberating children's mouths, liberating children space and liberate children’s time.

On the other hand, the game activities constructed under the pastoral curriculum can fit in with nature and radiate unique vitality. Under the guidance of kindergarten teachers, children can independently innovate many game activities and live a difficult and simple life in a enjoyable way. A stone, a piece of sand, a piece of straw in a pastoral environment. These seemingly simple things may become game materials in the eyes of children at any time. Teachers must pay attention to the details of life and plan project learning plans from small games and activities, so as to optimize the construction of pastoral courses and comprehensively train children's comprehensive skills. When necessary, children in kindergartens can be organized to actively participate in club activities and collective teaching activities, and encourage them to boldly innovate in activities, put forward their own ideas, and express their emotions. Many community activities can also be used as a form of pastoral courses, such as "simulated pastoral planting", "pond fishing competition", folk "grabbing stones" and other game activities, which can greatly stimulate children's desire for activities. Teachers must pay attention to and use it rationally.

All in all, the teaching task of developing pastoral courses in rural kindergartens is arduous and has a long way to go. Preschool teachers must combine their own teaching experience to optimize the construction of pastoral courses and cultivate children's living abilities through a variety of pastoral activities. In the gamification process, attention should be paid to the connotation of pastoral courses, aiming to make reasonable and effective use of pastoral natural resources. Only by carrying out activities based on the pastoral curriculum can we continuously cooperate with the teaching examples of the pastoral curriculum, improve children's language expression ability, and comprehensively train children's comprehensive skills. If education is a field, then kindergarten should be a pastoral. Pastoral courses provide children with education with knowledge, labor, science and dreams, so that children can have a pastoral vision, enjoy pastoral happiness, and let Every "seed" has nutrients and time and space for growth.