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The following is the teaching record of Teacher He Jie. His teaching direction is towards writing-based classroom design. It is excerpted for use as learning materials.

This case is the 11th lesson of the fourth unit of the unified compilation. The texts in this unit are all about revolutionary history and culture. The unit learning objectives are "when reading, pay attention to the description of expressions, words and deeds, and understand the character's qualities" and "check relevant information to deepen the understanding of the text." The unit objectives put forward new requirements for text teaching. In teaching design and teaching, teachers should strive to avoid superficial and time-consuming and laborious teaching of text content, and focus on the ability to "understand the character's qualities with the help of texts" promote. At the same time, based on the uniqueness of the style, when teaching this case, it can be used as a sample for students to learn special styles such as "memoir", understand the style of the style, explore the writing code, open up writing paths, and prepare for students to truly participate in the writing of memoirs after class. Prepare.

The events described in this case are in a special era. This "time difference" creates certain difficulties for students to understand. Therefore, special attention should be paid to academic performance when teaching, and previewing and searching for information should be encouraged in advance. During the classroom implementation, students should be allowed to use the referenced materials to delve into the details of the text, understand a special period of history, recognize the revolutionary feelings of historical greats, and be baptized in spirit and thought.

Class Record

1. Discussing Memories

(1) Reminiscing about the founder of the Communist Party of China

Teacher: Let Let's start with memories. Li Dazhao, whom this article recalls, is one of the founders of the Communist Party of China. Speaking of that period of history, we must first recall these revolutionary martyrs, the people who brought us a happy life today. Please look, they are here: Mao Zedong, Dong Biwu, Li Da, Li Dazhao, He Shuheng, Chen Tanqiu, Zhou Enlai... Please remember them. Without their sacrifice of life and blood, there would be no New China today, nor our stability and happiness. Life.

Students: Report the materials collected, share information, and keep the characters in mind.

Teacher: Our text today is mainly about recalling one of them, his name is Li Dazhao. He is one of the founders of the Communist Party of China, a scholar and a revolutionary, and enjoys a high historical status in the history of our country's revolution. The author of this article is Li Xinghua, the daughter of Li Dazhao. Let’s read about her.

Student: (reading aloud) On April 6, 1927, he and his father Li Dazhao were arrested at the same time. After joining the party's work, he became blind due to illness, but still insisted on publishing the entire memoir "Remembering My Father Li Dazhao". The single memoir "Memories from Sixteen Years Ago" was written in 1943, coinciding with the sixteenth anniversary of Li Dazhao's death.

(2) Understanding Memoirs

Teacher: Have you noticed that among the memories written by Li Xinghua, there are cost-effective ones and individual ones. It seems that the writing method of memoirs is roughly based on How many sections are divided into?

Health: Two kinds, single memoir and whole memoir.

Teacher: OK. What is a memoir? Let’s first look at the various memoirs that have been published. Some are related to major events happening in the world. For example, very famous memoirs include "History of the French Revolution" and "Memoirs of the Second World War". "China's Revolutionary History" is also a must-read memoir for Chinese people. History always evokes people's memories and reflections at important nodes. So, what are the benefits of reading these memoirs?

Students: Understand history.

Health: Keep history in mind.

Teacher: Yes. Many celebrities have also written memoirs. For example, "Memoirs of Rabindranath Tagore", "Memoirs of Li Ao", etc., we can learn about the growth experiences of celebrities and absorb nutrients for growth through reading. Ordinary people also write memoirs, recording ordinary lives. Anyway, anyone can write if they want to. Next, who is going to summarize what a memoir is?

Student 1: Memoirs are books that record historical events.

Student 2: Memoir is a book that records life.

Student 3: Memoir is a book that leaves historical traces.

……

(3) Understanding the learning objectives of the unit

Teacher: This unit has put forward two objectives for our study. Let’s take a look.

(Courseware provided)

When reading, pay attention to the description of expressions, words and deeds, and understand the character's qualities

Check relevant information to deepen your understanding of the text

Student: (Reading goal together)

Teacher: In the following study, we must pay special attention to the description of Li Dazhao’s demeanor, words and deeds in the article, and understand Li Dazhao’s quality. At the same time, we need to use the data to deeply understand the meaning contained in the text.

Analysis: Start with memories to understand memoirs. Understanding the basic characteristics of style is the first prerequisite for learning style. Reading teaching must have a standardized awareness of style, so that children can truly be oriented to style, literature, and culture in their learning.

2. Sink into “Memories of Sixteen Years Ago”

(1) Read freely and feel freely

Teacher: Read the full text freely and sink in In the memories of sixteen years ago. Mark the places that particularly resonate with you and share them with your tablemates.

Student: (Communicate after reading)

Student 1: I feel very much after reading this sentence. "That spring, my father came back very late every night. Every morning, I don't know when he went out again. Sometimes he stayed at home, immersed in sorting books and documents." My father was very busy, and his work was hard and dangerous.

Student 2: "This is my wife." He pointed at his mother and said. Then he pointed to my sister and me, "These are my two girls." The father continued: "She is my eldest child. My wife is a country girl. My children are still young, what are they?" I don’t understand either. Everything has nothing to do with them." After finishing this sentence, my father looked at us again. I feel Li Dazhao's care and love for his family, and he doesn't want them to be hurt because of him.

Student 3: I felt something was wrong from "My father is very kind. He never scolded us, let alone hit us."

Student 4: What impressed me deeply was “In the court, we met with my father. My father was still wearing his old gray cotton robe, but without his glasses. I saw his "You can feel that my father has been persecuted in the calm and kind face under the long unkempt hair."

……

(2) Teaching reading and rational appreciation of texts

Teacher: There is a three-parent principle in good memoir writing: seeing with one’s own eyes, hearing with one’s own eyes, Experience it personally. Li Xinghua and Li Dazhao were arrested at the same time. These three relatives have experienced it and have a very solid and stable writing foundation. Therefore, we have reason to believe that such memoirs are clear, complete, and true. This is also the key point for us to appreciate this single memoir today, to see whether the details are clear, whether the storyline is complete, and whether the revolutionary's display of integrity is true. Let’s look at the first keyword first: clarity. Please see the requirements

(Courseware provided)

1. Quickly browse and mark the clear details that feel "like yesterday".

2. Share the reading, read aloud, and take readers to the scene to hear the details.

Student: (Post-reading communication)

Student 1: This passage makes me feel that the author’s memory is very clear: “The terrible day did come. The morning of April 6th , my sister put on a new jacket, and my mother took her for a walk in the recreation ground. My father was writing in the inner room, and I was sitting on the long wooden chair outside reading the newspaper. "The author even remembers the time clearly. And it’s very clear what the family is doing.

Student 2: The author recalled what his father said, for example: My father said firmly to my mother: "Didn't I often tell you? I can't leave Beijing easily. You have to know what time it is now. , The work here is so important. How can I leave?" I can recall everything, which shows that the memory is very clear.

Student 3: I saw this passage: "My father calmly took out a small shiny pistol from the drawer and walked out. I followed him closely and walked out of the yard. Temporarily hiding in a secluded cabin. "I remember my father's actions very clearly.

Student 4: The author also clearly recalled the appearance of the enemy. For example, this sentence: The plainclothes detective with a sinister face pointed at his father.

Student 5: There is also this sentence: "Father looked at us and didn't say a word to us. The expression on his face was very stable and calm. His heart was occupied by a great power . This power is what he tells us every day - his confidence in the revolutionary cause." My father's expression was clear.

...

Teacher: Please read the excerpt from the book "Remembering My Father Li Dazhao". Li Xinghua's memories have always been so clear. Specific events, specific feelings, and specific words make people feel that they are there. Clarity of detail is one of the hallmarks of a good memoir.

(Courseware provided)

In the evening, my father taught us to sing "The Internationale". We concentrated on learning to sing, and my father taught us over and over again. His voice was deep and strong. My father also explained the meaning of the lyrics to us. What impressed me most was:

"Don't say we have nothing, we want to be the masters of the world!"

"Who created the human world? It's us working people!"

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"Workers have nothing to eat and drink now, and are suffering. In the future, when they wake up and turn over, they will be the masters of the world. Those who do not work and only know how to enjoy are parasites who exploit others."

(Li Xinghua's "Remembering My Father Li Dazhao", page 144, with some deletions)

Teacher: Next, let's focus on the complete plot of the memoir. Please see the requirements:

(Courseware provided)

1. Discover "story fragments". What "little stories" can you read in the whole article?

2. Explore the "series method". There are three ways to connect fragments in this article. ① Echoes from beginning to end ② Time clues ③ Presence of "I".

Student: (Communication after reading)

Student 1: I read a short story about my father organizing documents.

Student 2: I read a short story about my father protecting his family.

Student 3: I read a short story about my father fighting his enemies in court.

Student 4: I read a short story about Li Xinghua’s wit and bravery in court.

Student 5: I read a short story about my father who refused to move.

……

Teacher: These stories are not scattered in pieces. Li Xinghua used three methods to connect them in series. Among them, the first type of "echoing from beginning to end" and the second type of "time clue" are familiar to everyone as soon as the names are mentioned, and they can be understood at a glance when combined with the text, so we will not discuss them here. Focus on the presence of the third kind of "I" proposed by the teacher. I made statistics in advance. This article has 1826 words and 32 paragraphs, but there are 53 "I"s. I would like to ask, since I am recalling my father Li Dazhao, but what is the use of writing so many "I"s?

Student 1: It feels real because I was present and what I wrote is what I saw.

Student 2: Use "I" as a clue to connect the whole text.

Student 3: I can also evaluate and make the memories seem to be happening.

Student 4: My conversation with my father made my father’s image more vivid.

……

Teacher: It seems that my presence makes the memories real and credible, and connects the short stories together. It is a really effective method. Finally, let’s take a look at how Li Xinghua expresses Li Dazhao’s revolutionary integrity in this article. Please search paragraphs 8 to 17 of the text and mark five places with the word "gun" in it.

Student: (Search, mark)

Teacher: Please think about it, the enemy here is "a burst of sharp gunshots", "each person has a pistol" and "seizes father's gun". But Li Dazhao is just "a shiny little pistol." Do you think Li Xinghua's details of the confrontation between the warlord and his father holding a "gun" show Li Dazhao's integrity?

(Courseware display)

◆ Before I finished reading a short paragraph of news, I heard bang, bang... several sharp gunshots, followed by a burst of chaotic shouting.

◆The father calmly took out a shiny small pistol from the drawer and walked out.

◆Each of them held a pistol, pointing the gun at my father and me.

◆The detective sneered and ordered his group, "Watch, don't let him commit suicide, grab the pistol first!"

◆They took away the father's Pistol, father's whole body was searched.

Student: I think the most important purpose of Li Dazhao taking out the pistol was to commit suicide as a last resort!

Teacher: How did you make such a judgment?

Student 1: He had long heard the noise and gunshots outside. We were outnumbered and it was useless to fight head on at this time.

Student 2: Each of the enemies has a pistol, but my father is just a shiny little pistol. Resistance with force is fruitless.

Student 3: My father’s small pistol was shining brightly, indicating that my father was ready to die heroically.

Student 4: You can also feel it from the enemy's words and deeds when grabbing the gun.

……

Teacher: Good analysis. At this time, do you admire Li Dazhao even more?

Sheng: Yes, he has a spirit of sacrificing his life for the revolutionary cause and treating death as home.

Teacher: Chinese people with integrity all regard death as home. Lao Tzu said: If you are not afraid of death, why should you be afraid of death? Mencius said: Fish is what I want, and bear's paws are also what I want. You cannot have both, for you would give up the fish and take the bear's paw. Life is what I want, and righteousness is what I want. You cannot have both, and you have to sacrifice life for righteousness. Li Dazhao is really a good man with strong bones. Let us restore a piece of history. Think about it, why is such a powerful piece of historical information not included in this article?

(Courseware presented)

Li Dazhao was arrested on April 6, and secretly strangled by the warlord Zhang Zuolin on April 28 along with 20 other revolutionaries. He was only 38 years old. During this period, the enemy promised high-ranking officials and generous salaries, but he did not waver; he did not leak the secrets when he was subjected to tortures such as the electric chair, the tiger bench, and fingernail pulling. Li Dazhao said: "A man born in this world must maintain his integrity even if his head is cut off and bleeding occurs!"

"National Daily": When being tortured, each person received about 18 points.

"Beiyang Pictorial": Li Dazhao started to lose in twenty minutes.

Witness: Li Dazhao was tortured three times, for forty minutes.

Student 1: Because Li Xinghua was not present at the time.

Student 2: Because Li Xinghua didn’t know this at the time, she only wrote what she heard, saw, and experienced personally.

Teacher: Yes, this is the most precious truth in Li Xinghua’s memoir. Now that you understand this history, how will you change? What are your plans for a happy life today and your plans for the future?

Student 1: I will cherish it more.

Student 2: I also want to take a red tour and see revolutionary stories.

Student 3: I want to read more revolutionary memoirs.

Student 4: I want to read more history and understand history.

...

Teacher: Do you have much respect for this group of people? They are called revolutionary veterans.

Student: Yes.

Teacher: Will you pay more attention to the history of the invasion of China and the Japanese textbook incident?

Student: Yes.

Teacher: Okay, let’s give history some truth so that people today will be more awake.

(3) Summary

Teacher: Today, we appreciated this memoir and also remembered some methods of writing memoirs. Let’s all reminisce together——

Student: (Use the blackboard summary to sort out the key points of knowledge learned)

Teacher: In fact, when we know the key points of memoir writing and know how to appreciate a memoir, Knowing the difficulties of writing a memoir is a greater reward than reading one or two memoirs. Because this is the right thing to do. The most valuable thing about learning is obtaining the Dharma.

Analysis: This link arranges three links: free reading, teaching reading, and sorting and summarizing after reading. In the free reading process, children develop a shallow and broad understanding and form initial feelings; in teaching reading, they use methods to test, compare, analyze, and deeply study the text to reprocess the previously formed feelings; the summary and sorting process is necessary Summarize and organize, summarize and collect, so that children can gain something in the learning process and gain something they can "take away".

3. Go beyond the text and practice

Teacher: If you have a method, just practice it. What kind of memoirs can students write?

Student: Memoirs of Campus Life.

Born: A Memoir of Childhood.

Teacher: I also found two pictures for you to teach you how to write memoirs for others. Please see:

(Courseware provided)

Teacher: Please follow the picture, choose the people or things you need to write about, and practice it step by step. Good luck to you and may your memoir come soon.

Expert Comments

The lesson "Memories from Sixteen Years Ago" taught by Mr. He Jie is not only a creative implementation of the Chinese elements of the unit, but also an innovative promotion of the humanities theme of the unit. , atmospheric yet refined, rational yet passionate, giving people the power of knowledge and spiritual edification.

This lesson is actually intertwined with three teaching threads. The first one is to implement the Chinese elements of the unit throughout - "Understand the character's quality from the appearance, demeanor and words and deeds; deepen the understanding of the text with the help of relevant materials"; the second one is to promote the humanities theme of the unit throughout - " Understand the revolutionary deeds of the martyrs and carry forward the revolutionary spirit of the martyrs"; Article 3, the acquisition of literary knowledge of "memoirs" should be integrated throughout - "seeing, hearing and experiencing; clear, true and complete; plot and details ,integrity".

The coach’s brilliance and uniqueness lie in: First, he deliberately avoids taking the normal first or second line as the main line of teaching, and instead uses the unfamiliar third line as the teaching line The second is that the development process of the three clues is not independent, but the other two clues are organically integrated with the third main line as the core, twisting into a full and powerful teaching context. The advantage of this design is that it integrates sexual tasks and individual goals, which not only highlights the unique quality and significance of the text as "this article", but also organically completes the uniqueness of the text as "this category". Tasks and missions.

Taking the awakening of stylistic awareness and the acquisition of stylistic knowledge as the main line of teaching is the biggest highlight of this course. The instructor guides students to experience the entire process of learning memoirs and form a personal knowledge experience and intimate knowledge construction, which ultimately enables students to gain something they can “take away” from reading and writing memoirs.

Focusing on the gradual unfolding of the main line, the two clues related to the unit Chinese elements and the unit humanities theme have also been organically implemented and integrated. In the process of reading the clarity of the details of the memoirs, the clarity of appearance, demeanor, words and deeds and other details are fully presented, and there is a solid and sufficient basis for grasping the integrity of the revolutionary martyr Li Dazhao; the introduction of two pieces of literature, It not only strengthens students' understanding of the clarity of memoirs, but also deepens their grasp of the presence and authenticity of "I". The elements of Chinese language in the unit generally fall on the main line of teaching of style and style. Similarly, in the process of unfolding the main line of literature and sports, students continue to feel the revolutionary beliefs and revolutionary integrity of the martyrs, and are infiltrated and cultivated by the spirit of revolutionary heroism. The humanities theme of the unit is integrated with the main line of cultural and sports teaching.

(Comments by Wang Songzhou?)