What are the general functions of the Forestry Bureau?

The State Forestry Administration, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the China Securities Regulatory Commission jointly issued the key points of forestry industry policy. This is the first forestry industrial policy focus issued by China since the founding of New China. The Outline puts forward a series of policies and measures in guiding, standardizing and supporting the development of forestry industry, improving the quality of forestry industry and expanding the scale of forestry industry, which is of high gold content.

Where are these gold contents reflected? What impact will it have on the development of modern forestry? To this end, the reporter interviewed Yao, director of the development planning and fund management department of the State Forestry Administration.

Yao said that the promulgation of "Essentials" is to implement the central forestry decision, adapt to the development guiding ideology of the three major systems of modern forestry, and timely guide, protect and give play to the enthusiasm of farmers, enterprises and the whole society to develop forestry inspired by forestry-related reforms based on the collective forest right system.

Building a developed forestry industrial system is one of the important components of the three modern forestry systems. Yao said that the Outline embodies the characteristics of forestry development under the background of perfecting the socialist market economic system, is an inevitable choice for implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, building a harmonious socialist society and building an environment-friendly and resource-saving society, and is an important measure and policy guarantee for modern forestry construction. The promulgation and implementation of "Essentials" will have a significant and far-reaching impact on establishing a fair, reasonable, orderly and coordinated market environment and accelerating the construction of a new pattern of benign interaction and harmonious development of the three major systems; It is of great significance to promote the coordinated development of economy and society, adjust the economic structure of agriculture and rural areas, realize the prosperity of forests and enrich the people, meet the diversified needs of economic and social development for wood and forest products, and alleviate the contradiction between global resources, energy and ecology.

The main point is to adhere to the "six principles"

The Key Points of Forestry Industry Policy was drafted by the State Forestry Administration at the beginning of last year, which has received strong cooperation and support from relevant departments. The overall structure includes preface, objective principle, classification, regional development policy, organization policy, technology policy, support policy and service policy.

Yao said that the objectives of the Outline are to fully implement Scientific Outlook on Development, implement the forestry development strategy focusing on ecological construction, give full play to the basic role of market in allocating resources and the role of national macro-control, gradually establish a modern forestry industrial system with complete categories, high quality, high efficiency, orderly competition and vitality, give full play to various functions of forestry, vigorously enhance the supply capacity of forest products, and meet the diversified needs of economic and social development for forest products and services to the maximum extent.

The general principles of the Outline are to adhere to macro guidance, give priority to ecology, adjust measures to local conditions, diversify investment, promote forestry through science and education and open to the outside world.

The main point is to divide the forestry industry into three categories.

"According to the current situation of forestry industry development and relevant national policies and regulations, the" Essentials "divides the development categories of forestry industry into encouraged categories (support categories), restricted categories and eliminated categories (prohibition categories)." Yao Changyu said.

The key areas to be encouraged are 2 1. They are: forest germplasm resources protection, forest seed breeding and forest seed base construction; Construction of fast-growing and high-yield timber forest base; Cultivation of precious timber trees and rare trees; Building a new economic forest base with good reputation; Storage and transportation, preservation, sorting, packaging, deep processing and comprehensive utilization technology of economic forest fruits and modern logistics and distribution industry; Flower and tree seedling industry; Directional cultivation and industrialization of forestry biomass energy forest: production technology and industrialization of biological pesticides and plant growth agents; Development and industrialization of pharmaceutical technology; Construction of bamboo and rattan base and research and development of new technologies for bamboo and rattan products; Ecotourism; Domestication, reproduction and utilization of wild animals and plants; Wood pulp and paper industry; Wood-based panel manufacturing industry; Deep processing of forest chemical products; Functional improvement of wood, development and comprehensive utilization of wood-based composite and non-wood forest products; Comprehensive utilization of inferior firewood, desert shrubs and three residues, and recycling of waste wood materials and disposable wood products; Manufacture of equipment for deep processing of forest products and comprehensive utilization of resources; International cooperation in the development and utilization of forest resources; Construction of key forestry ecological engineering demonstration areas and their supporting projects; New materials for grassland fence, house feeding, sand fixation, water conservation, soil improvement and sand industry; Comprehensive development of infrastructure and forestry in mountainous areas.

There are five restricted projects in the Essentials, namely, the production and use of disposable wood products and wood packaging with high-quality trees as raw materials, wood and bamboo processing projects with low comprehensive utilization rate of wood and bamboo processing, new high-density fiberboard projects with single-line capacity below 50,000 cubic meters/year, wood particleboard projects with single-line capacity below 30,000 cubic meters/year, and new rosin production projects with capacity below 1 10,000 tons/year. The elimination (prohibition) items in the Essentials include: accelerating the elimination and prohibition of the construction of small-scale wood-based panel enterprises that do not meet the national environmental protection standards, small-scale enterprises that produce rosin by direct fire and other indigenous methods, wet fiberboard production and forest products that do not meet the national quality standards. It is strictly forbidden to travel beyond the ecological carrying capacity and collect forest products such as medicinal materials. It is forbidden to build irrigation and papermaking forest bases in areas with serious water shortage. It is forbidden to cut down natural forests, especially tropical rainforests, and to build large industrial raw material forest bases in monsoon forest. In view of the outstanding problems existing in the development of forestry industry, the "Essentials" clarified nine major support policies. For the first time, the "Essentials" comprehensively and systematically clarified the policies of finance, finance and taxation to support the development of forestry industry. Yao said that many articles in Essentials contain a lot of gold, which is mainly reflected in nine aspects.

First, strictly implement the preferential policies for forestry tax reduction and exemption issued by the state. Income from enterprises engaged in agricultural and forestry projects shall be exempted or reduced from enterprise income tax; The value-added tax will be refunded as soon as it is levied on the comprehensive utilization products produced and processed with three scraps and second-hand firewood as raw materials; Imported seeds (seedlings), breeding animals (poultry), fish species (seedlings) and wild animals and plants are exempt from import value-added tax; Enterprises and units that implement natural forest resources protection projects are exempt from property tax and urban land use tax; Self-use equipment imported by projects encouraged by the state shall be exempted from import duties and import value-added tax, except for the goods listed in the Catalogue of Imported Commodities Not Duty Free for Domestic Investment Projects; Encourage qualified forestry enterprises to "go global" and give support in terms of capital and credit.

The second is to improve and implement the national support policies for key leading forestry enterprises. All forestry enterprises that meet the use direction and conditions of the national fund for the development of international markets for small and medium-sized enterprises should give active support, encourage national key forestry leading enterprises to use the capital market to raise funds to expand reproduction, and support qualified key leading enterprises to be listed on the domestic capital market.

Third, actively support the construction of fast-growing and high-yield forests and precious tree species timber forests for domestic construction, as well as forest fire prevention, biological disaster prevention, protection and utilization of forest germplasm resources, breeding, breeding, promotion and use of improved forest varieties.

Fourth, reform the management methods of afforestation funds, reasonably formulate the collection standards of afforestation funds, and gradually return them to forestry producers and operators for the development of forestry production, so that the funding gap of grass-roots forestry business units can be included in the fiscal budget.

Fifth, policy banks actively provide financial services that meet the characteristics of forestry and extend the term of forestry loans. According to the different growth cycles of trees in the south and the north, the loan period of the fast-growing and high-yield forest and industrial raw material forest base construction project of China Development Bank is 12 ~ 20 years; The cultivation of precious tree species depends on the actual situation; For planting, breeding and processing projects such as economic forests, the loan period is 10 ~ 15.

The loan period of China Agricultural Development Bank to leading enterprises in forestry industrialization is generally 1 to 5 years, and the longest is 8 years. Loans for planting, breeding and processing projects such as fast-growing and high-yield timber forests, industrial raw material forests and economic forests are generally 5 years, and the longest is 65,438+00 years. The specific loan term can also be determined through consultation with the enterprise according to the actual situation of the project.

Considering the long production cycle of forest trees, the grace period of loans can be appropriately extended, which is determined by banks and enterprises according to the actual situation. The specific loan period of forestry loans of commercial banks should be determined through consultation with enterprises according to the actual situation of the project.

The sixth is to study and establish a micro-credit and small forestry enterprise loan support mechanism for individual forest farmers and forestry workers. Appropriately relax the loan conditions, simplify the loan procedures, and actively carry out financing business with various credit models that meet the characteristics of the forestry industry, including forest right mortgage loans.

Seventh, increase discount support. The central government gives interest subsidies to the loan projects for planting, breeding and processing of forest products of leading forestry enterprises, the loan projects for industrial raw materials forests created by various economic entities, the loan projects for comprehensive development in mountainous areas, the loan projects for diversified businesses of forest farms (nurseries) and forest industry enterprises, and the loan projects for forestry resources development of forest farmers and forestry workers in accordance with relevant regulations. The discount interest funds from the capital construction loan of the central government will give appropriate support to the construction of fast-growing and high-yield forest bases with a total investment of more than 50 million yuan and natural forest resources protection projects with a total investment of more than 30 million yuan. Local governments should give appropriate support according to the actual situation.

Eighth, give play to the role of credit guarantee institutions and explore the establishment of various forms of forestry credit guarantee mechanisms. Governments at all levels should support forestry guarantee work according to local conditions.

Ninth, actively study and explore the establishment of government-supported forest insurance mechanism.

Yao said that the Essentials achieved four breakthroughs in supporting policies, the connotation, objectives and direction of forestry industry development, the development mode of forestry industry, and the establishment and improvement of a new mechanism for forestry industry management.

Support policies mainly include finance, finance and taxation. Financially, explicitly encourage qualified forestry enterprises to "go global" and give support in terms of funds and credit; Actively support forestry enterprises that meet the direction and conditions for the use of international market development funds for small and medium-sized enterprises; Explore and study the establishment of forestry trust fund system for the first time; Establish various forms of forestry guarantee mechanism; Establish a government-supported forest insurance mechanism. In terms of financial policy, China Development Bank has extended the loan period and grace period for the development of forestry industry and increased its support for the cultivation of precious tree species. For the first time, the Agricultural Development Bank clearly provided loan support to leading forestry enterprises; With the reform of forest right system, a micro-credit support mechanism for forest farmers and individual forest workers was established for the first time. In terms of tax policy, the original scattered and independent related tax policies will be fully integrated, which will make the state's tax and fee support policies for the forestry industry more clear.

In the connotation, goal and direction of forestry industry development, we should highlight our own characteristics and reflect the connotation of modern forestry industry. Compared with the traditional forestry industry, the objectives and tasks of forestry industry development are clearer and the development direction is clearer.

In the development mode of forestry industry, it is clearly put forward to adjust the development path of forestry industry, change the economic development mode and build a resource-saving and environment-friendly industry, that is, to promote the forestry industry to realize four changes: from low-tech content to high-tech content, structural convergence to prominent characteristics, from traditional simple wood utilization to comprehensive resource development, and from a single traditional enterprise to a modern enterprise.

In the aspect of establishing a new management mechanism of forestry industry, it is clear for the first time that under the condition of market economy, a new industrial management system is established, which gives full play to the basic role of market in allocating resources and is supplemented by government macro-control, and a market access mechanism for forestry industry development is put forward.

The "essentials" have achieved five manifestations.

Yao said that the promulgation of the Essentials is an important measure to implement the central forestry decision and a programmatic document to promote the construction of the three major systems of modern forestry. It is manifested in five aspects.

First, it embodies the banner, direction and theme of comprehensively promoting modern forestry construction. Modern forestry industry is an important part of modern forestry. Forestry industry, as an important basic industry, has the characteristics of renewable resources, unity of three major benefits and synergy of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Expanding the primary industry, upgrading the secondary industry in an all-round way, vigorously developing the tertiary industry and constantly cultivating new growth points will further show the support and guarantee role for modern forestry.

Second, it embodies the ecological priority and the coordinated development of ecology and industry. A perfect ecosystem is the foundation and guarantee of a developed industrial system, and the industrial system provides internal power for building a perfect ecosystem. Only by cultivating more and better high-quality, efficient, fast-growing and high-yield timber forests can the pressure on forest resources in ecologically fragile areas be effectively alleviated; Only by continuously improving the processing level and wood utilization rate can we save and protect forest resources more; Only the rapid rise of non-forest and non-wood industries can reduce the excessive dependence and consumption of forest resources by people in forest areas, thus consolidating the existing ecological construction achievements.

Third, it embodies the prosperity of forests and people, and promotes the reform of collective forest right system. Forestry industry has the advantages of wide area, wide field and labor-intensive. Further strengthening policy guidance and vigorously developing various forestry industries suitable for farmers' decentralized management are not only the needs of increasing farmers' income and prospering rural economy, but also the needs of further deepening the reform of collective forest right system, mobilizing the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of farmers, vigorously liberating rural productive forces and solidly promoting the construction of new countryside.

Fourth, it embodies the fundamental role of the market mechanism. Liberate the government from the position of "athlete", return to the standard, guide the development of forestry industry by making industrial policies, development plans, development strategies, information release, market supervision and other means, and transfer the government management function to mainly serve the market players and create a good development environment. At the same time, we should give full play to the role of social intermediary organizations such as associations and constantly improve the degree of organization of forestry industry. In order to encourage enterprises to participate in international cooperation and competition on a larger scale and at a higher level, we will provide good services.

The fifth is to embody scientific and technological innovation and revitalize forests through science and technology. The Outline focuses on changing the mode of economic development, encouraging independent innovation, promoting industrial technological progress, and implementing brand strategy, standard strategy and intellectual property strategy, so that the forestry industry can truly embark on a new road of industrialization with high technology content, good economic benefits, low resource consumption and less environmental pollution. qilian