Slogans about moving into new barracks

Nanchang Uprising on August 1st was an armed uprising held by the National Revolutionary Army led by China Productivity Party in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province during the Agrarian Revolutionary War.

1927 In April and July, China Kuomintang Chiang Kai-shek Group and Wang Ching-wei Group colluded with imperialism and the big landlords and big bourgeoisie, and launched counter-revolutionary coups in Shanghai and Wuhan, brutally massacring * * * producers and revolutionary masses, thus failing the great anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolution of the China people that began in 1924.

In order to resist the massacre policy of the Kuomintang reactionaries and save the China Revolution, the Central Committee was reorganized on July 6, 2002, and the right capitulator leader of General Secretary Chen Duxiu was stopped. Later, he decided to assemble a part of the National Revolutionary Army that he mastered and influenced, join the Second Front Army with Zhang Fakui as the commander in chief, go south to Guangdong to join the local revolutionary forces, carry out the agrarian revolution, restore the revolutionary base areas, and then hold a new Northern Expedition. Li, Deng Zhongxia, Tan Pingshan, Hui, Nie and Ye Ting. The operation was organized in Jiujiang, but it was found that Zhang Fakui was in close collusion with Wang Jingwei and began to persecute the producers in the Second Army. He immediately suggested to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that the troops under his control and influence "riot in Nanchang". Accordingly, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China appointed, Li, Hui, Peng Pai to lead the uprising in Nanchang, and thought he was the secretary. The troops scheduled to take part in the uprising are: the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army 1 1 Army's 24th Division, 60th Division, the whole of the 20th Army, the 73rd and 75th Regiments of the 25th Division of the Fourth Army, the Education Regiment of the Third Army Officers of the Fifth Army led by Zhu De and the security team of Nanchang Public Security Bureau, with a total of more than 20,000 people. On July 25th, the 1 1 Army and the 20th Army under the command of Ye Ting and He Long successively concentrated in Nanchang from Jiujiang and Tujiabu (now Yongxiu). 27, Zhou Enlai and others arrived in Nanchang, formed the former enemy committee, and led the preparations for the uprising.

At this time, the Third Army (Commander-in-Chief Zhu Peide) of the Fifth Army of the Kuomintang Wuhan Government was stationed in Zhangshu, Ji 'an and Wan 'an areas, the Ninth Army was stationed in Jinxian and Linchuan areas, and the Sixth Army was marching into Nanchang in Pingxiang. The remaining troops of the second front army are located in Jiujiang area; Only the Fifth Army Guard Corps and the Third, Sixth and Ninth Army are stationed in Nanchang and its suburbs, each with more than 3,000 people. The Central Front Committee decided to hold an uprising on August 1 day before reinforcements arrived.

At 2 am on August 6th, under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De and Liu Bocheng, the Nanchang Uprising broke out. According to the battle plan of the Central Front Committee, the 20 th Army 1 2 Division launched an attack on the defenders of Jiufantai Yamen, Dashiyuan Street and Niuhang Station. 1 1 The 24th Division of the Army launched an attack on the defenders of the Catholic Church in Baisong Lane, the new barracks and Baihuazhou. Fighting until dawn, adowa garrison more than 3000 people, seized more than 5000 guns (quite), more than 700000 rounds of bullets, several cannons. On the afternoon of the same day, the 73rd Regiment, the 3rd Battalion and the 74th Regiment of the 25th Division, under the leadership of Nie and Zhou Shidi, revolted and arrived in Nanchang on August 2nd.

After the success of the uprising, the Central Front Committee issued the "Central Manifesto of the Kuomintang Left" according to the spirit of the central instructions, indicating that the uprising still called for revolution in the name of the Kuomintang Left, exposing the crimes of Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei betraying the revolution, and expressing their determination to support Sun Yat-sen's "three major policies" and continue to oppose imperialism and feudal warlords. On the morning of August 6th, the Central Committee of China Kuomintang held a joint meeting with representatives of various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and overseas party departments, and established the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, and elected Deng, Soong Ching Ling, He Xiangning, Tan Pingshan, Wu, He Long, Lin Zuhan (), Ye Ting, Zhang, Li, Yun, Xu Teli and Peng as members. The Revolutionary Committee appointed Wu as the Secretary-General, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng and other staff committees as the military command organs, Liu Bocheng as the chief of staff, and Guo Moruo as the director of the General Political Department, and decided that the insurgents would still use the name of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army, He Long as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy and Ye Ting as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy. Under the 1 1 Army (under the jurisdiction of the 24th Division, 25th Division and 10 Division), Ye Ting, the commander of the army, represents Nie; The 20th Army (under the jurisdiction of 1 and the 2nd Division), with He Long as the commander and Liao Ganwu as the party representative; In the 9th Army, Zhu De served as the deputy commander and Zhu served as the party representative. The army * * * more than 20000 people.

On August 2nd, tens of thousands of people from all walks of life gathered in Nanchang to celebrate the great victory of Nanchang Uprising and the establishment of the Revolutionary Committee. After the meeting, young people from all walks of life enthusiastically joined the army, and only a few hundred students signed up.

After the Nanchang Uprising, Wang Jingwei urged Zhang Fakui and Zhu Peide to attack Nanchang. On August 3, according to the original plan of the Central Committee, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China * * * commanded the rebels to withdraw from Nanchang in batches and go south along the Fuhe River. It was originally planned to enter Guangdong Province through Ruijin and Xunwu (now Xunwu), first capture Dongjiang area, develop revolutionary forces, win foreign aid, and then capture Guangzhou. When the insurgents entered Jinxian County, Cai Tingkai, the division commander of 10, fired party member who worked in the division, and led the troops to the northeast of Jiangxi, leaving the insurgents behind. Because the insurgents hastily withdrew from Nanchang, the troops were not reorganized, and they went on an expedition in the hot summer, with a large number of troops. When they arrived in Linchuan on the 7th, their total strength was about 65,438+300,000.

The insurgents rested in Linchuan for three days and continued to push south. On August 25th, I first arrived in Ruijin County, north of Rentian. At this time, Li, commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army of the Kuomintang stationed in Guangdong, transferred 9000 people to Huichang and Ruijin areas, and started with the former department to stop the rebels from going south; Huang Shaohong's 9,000 people moved from Nanxiong and Dayu (now Dayu) to Du Yu (now Du Yu) to support Qian Dajun's action. In this situation, the front committee of China decided to divide and conquer with money and yellow power. On the same day, the insurgents launched an attack on Ren Tian's defenders, annihilated one of them, and captured Ruijin County on 26th. Then concentrate on attacking the main force of Qian Dajun Department in Huichang, and fight fiercely until the 30th to capture Huichang County. In the two wars, 6,000 people were killed and more than 2,500 guns were seized in Qian Dajun. The rebels suffered nearly 2000 casualties. At the beginning of September, the insurgents repelled Huang Shaohong's attack in Luokou, northwest of Huichang.

After the war in Huichang, the insurgents turned back to Ruijin, diverted eastward, passed through Changting and Shanghang in Fujian, and went south along Tingjiang and Hanjiang rivers. On September 22nd, the 25th Division of 1 1 Army occupied Sanheba, Dapu County, Guangdong Province, and its main force continued southward. On the 23rd, it occupied Chaoan (now Chaozhou) and Shantou. During this period, Li ordered the remnants to contain 25 divisions, Huang's troops attacked Chao 'an by Fengshun, and Chen He's three divisions, with a total of 654.38+500,000 people, formed the East Route Army, and went eastward from Heyuan to find the main force of the rebel army for a decisive battle.

According to the above situation, the * * * Front Committee decided that the newly formed 3rd Division of the 20th Army and the Revolutionary Committee would join forces in Chaoshan area, and more than 6,500 people would be concentrated to meet the eastward enemies. On September 28th, the main force of the rebel army met with the East Route Army near Shanhu (Yuhu) in Jieyang County, defeated it, then advanced to Tangkeng (now Fengshun City), and fought fiercely with the enemy again in Fenshui Village. By the 30th, the insurgents had suffered more than 2,000 casualties and were unable to fight any more, so they retreated to Jieyang. That night, Huang captured Chaoan. 13/0, 65438+ The main force of the rebel army joined the revolutionary committees evacuated from Chaoshan and Shantou in quicksand (now Puning City) and continued to retreat to Haifeng and Lufeng areas. When passing through Lianhua Mountain near Zhongtan Village in the southwest of quicksand, it was intercepted by the East Route Army again, and the battle was raging, and most of the troops were scattered. The leaders of the Revolutionary Committee and the rebel army were dispersed and transferred, and the remaining 65,438+0,300 people entered the sea and Lufeng areas. The 25th Division stationed in Sanheba moved to Chao 'an after hitting Qian Dajun hard, and joined the 3rd Division 1 Division retreating from Chaoshan in Raoping County on October 5th. Since then, the two armies led by Zhu De and Chen Yi have moved to the border of Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Hunan. Finally, about 800 insurgents were rescued and took part in the Southern Hunan Uprising. 1in April, 928, they arrived at Jinggangshan revolutionary base area and joined the autumn harvest uprising troops in Hunan and Jiangxi led by Mao Zedong.

Nanchang Uprising is an armed uprising with overall significance directly led by China * * * Production Party. It fired the first shot of armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries, declared the firm position of China * * Production Party to carry out the China Revolution to the end, and marked the beginning of China * * Production Party's independent creation of revolutionary army and leading the revolutionary war. According to the proposal of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission on June 30th, the Chinese Soviet Union and the Provisional Central Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) decided to set August 1 day as the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army. From then on, August 1 became the Army Day of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army and later the China People's Liberation Army.

Guangzhou Uprising

16 1 1 month1day, Li went to Shanghai to attend the fourth preparatory meeting of the Central Committee, and a coup took place in Guangzhou. Therefore, the * * * production party took the opportunity to riot for Guangzhou. 17 year 1 month 1 day * * The production party started, and then changed to 16 year1February 15 day, that is, the 17 riot. On the 9th, Zhu Huiri, the police chief, inspected the weapons storage office of the * * * Production Party and found no bullets or bombs, so he tried to destroy it. Therefore, Fakui ordered Xue Yue to defend Guangzhou in the front department, and producer Zhang Taylor knew that Xue Yue would arrive in Guangzhou on 13. He gathered at the Russian Consulate in Dongshan in the dark to plot, but before Xue Yue's department arrived, he rioted until midnight on 1 1. At that time, there were only four armies' guard corps, training corps and public security bureau's security brigade in Guangzhou, with more than 0/000 workers, 0/000 rickshaw pullers and 0/000 suburban farmers. Yang Shusong, head of the training regiment, Liang Bingshu, head of the guard regiment, and Ye Jianying, chief of staff of the Fourth Army, also held a party. The trainees of the training group are a mixture of the training camp led by Deng of Wuhan General Political Department and the trainees of Wuhan Branch of the Central Military and Political Administration. Nine of the ten trainees belong to the Production Party. Ye Desen, political instructor, Fang, battalion commander, Lu Gengfudai, and also a party representative of * * * producers. The public security bureau detained more than 500 people, and the producers accounted for one fifth, which was enough to hold the security brigade, so they won Guangzhou in 30 minutes. Back in August of 14, the highest leading organ of the Guangzhou * * * production party was the Guangdong District Committee, and the general secretary of its internal organization, Chen Yannian, was the eldest son. Huang Ming, secretary of the Secretariat, Mu Qing, Minister of Organization Department and Director of Organizing Committee, Zhang, Minister of Propaganda Department and Director of Propaganda Committee, Ping Huang, Minister of Workers and Director of Labor Movement Committee, Luo Qiyuan, Minister of Women, Ruan Xiaoxian, Director of Women's Movement Committee, Ye Caiyang, Minister of People's Armed Forces and Director of Military Commission, Deng, Director of Education Committee of Party School, Zhang, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Special Commissioners, Cai Hesen, Bao Luoting, the Third International Representative, Ding Baohua,, Nie Rongzhen and Yang Qigang, Political Department of Huangpu Military Academy. The directors and deputy directors of the political departments of various armies are all * * * factions, including Li Fuchun of the Second Army, Zhu of the Third Army, Liao Ganwu of the Fourth Army, Li Langru of the Fifth Army, Lin Zuhan of the Sixth Army, Huang Rikui, deputy director of the Political Department of the Seventh Army, Zhang Qixiong, deputy director of the Political Department of the Eighth Army, Xiong Xiong, vice president of the Military Academy, Deng of the General Political Department, Guo Moruo, Minister of Propaganda Department, Zhu of the Organization Department and Sun Bingwen, director of the rear of the General Political Department. When He Long and Ye Ting were defeated in Tangkeng, Peng Pai took the remnants and retreated to Haifeng and Lufeng, killing them endlessly. There will be riots in Guangzhou. The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee issued longitudinal instructions in Shanghai, while Zhang, Yun, Deng Zhongxia, Peng Pai, He Lai and others rebelled at the Russian Consulate in Dongshan, Guangzhou. The Third International also sent many instructions from the Soviet Union. At the same time, an international organization of red workers, Tovinov, is active in Chang Di, Nan Di and Huxian Street. Haifeng and Lufeng counties also have bases. The training corps was involved in the north training ground, so it was commanded by Luo Qiyuan and Huang Xiasheng, and attacked the public security bureau, the finance department, the provincial government, the political branch, the provincial party Committee and the central bank. After a while, they were all occupied, and more than 1000 rifles and machine guns were taken away from the security brigade. Gai takes more than 500 criminals as its internal employees, so the security brigade is exhausted. On the 12th, it organized the Guangzhou Soviet Government and the General Command of the Workers and Peasants Red Army in the Public Security Bureau, with Su as Chairman, Yun as Secretary-General, Zhang as Commissioner of the People's Navy and Army, Zhou Yongneng as Commissioner of People's Foreign Affairs, He Lai as Commissioner of People's Finance, Peng Pai as Commissioner of Workers and Peasants, Chairman of the Counter-revolutionary Committee, Ye Ting as Commander-in-Chief of the Workers and Peasants Red Army, Ye Jianying as Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Staff. About 40,000 merchants were burned and thousands of citizens were killed. At that time, Zhang urged the workers to hand over all the weapons looted from the public security bureau and the armory, so that they could be armed into an army and distributed to the peasant self-defense forces in four townships. Ye Ting insists on giving guns to those who can't afford them, which is deeply taboo for the military. Things are lost, and weapons are lost. * * * The producer thinks it is a mistake, and the punishment for staying in the party for observation is quite heavy. Ye Jianying sneaked into Germany from Hongkong. /kloc-on the morning of 0/3, the machine workers counterattacked the Red Army General Command of the Soviet government of the Public Security Bureau. In the afternoon, Xue Yue attacked the suburbs of the provincial capital and obtained the foothills of Guanyin Mountain. At the same time, Li Fulin's army attacked from Henan and landed in Xiguan, while the military headquarters of the Fourth Army in Nandi had good terrain and was defended by special agents, and the headquarters of the 12th Division of Wende East Road was also ready. Therefore, by the evening of 13, although several soldiers were attacked by the * * * production party, they were not captured. Zhang met with his party at the Public Security Bureau. Suddenly, it was reported that Xue Yue's department had arrived. A Russian consultant stood out in a car, was killed by the National Army and the car was destroyed. Russian consultant and driver died suddenly. Every * * * production party command, Russian troops died more than 20, China died more than 100, more than five hundred captives. * * * All the troops were exhausted and fled to Haifeng and Lufeng. Xue and Li chased them back to Longyan Cave. Haifeng and Lufeng counties have been known as "Little Moscow" for fourteen years. Chen Duxiu and Tan Pingshan used the ability of the Kuomintang to secretly send Peng Pai and Zheng Zhiyun to their place, pretending to be summoned by the Kuomintang, and gathered tens of thousands of people after 1 1 year. * * * Guangdong appointed Lin Chubai to publicize, so it became an important area. Peng Pai's land is very rich. He tried to study in Japan. He shared his pasture with farmers, while Yang Yingze and Tamenosuke, the Northern Expeditionary Army, Haifeng and Lufeng already had Soviet governments. Angelababy went to Guangzhou to participate in the plot, while Peng Pai instructed Yu Ying to encourage him to move to his own place with strength. So the riots in Guangzhou failed, and he went to the valley like water. In Peng Pai, the yin is stronger. In the winter of seventeen years, Peng Pai was the president of the Soviet Union and Yang Ying was the vice-president. In the twelfth year, Haifeng and Lu Fengxian Guild arrested the * * * production party in various places in Nanyang. The * * production party was divided internally, and Chaozhou sent Puning to slaughter Haifeng people, and its potential dropped sharply. Peng Pai and the * * * production party were beheaded, and Haifeng and Lufeng were eliminated.

the Autumn Harvest Uprising

The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an armed uprising held by the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants (Red Army) led by Mao Zedong in eastern Hunan and western Jiangxi on September 9, 1927. This is another famous armed uprising led by China * * * Party after the Nanchang Uprising.

During the period of 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei successively defected to the revolution and lost the first revolutionary civil war. In order to save the revolution,1in July, 927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Provisional Political Bureau in Hankou, Hubei Province, and decided to hold an autumn harvest riot in the four provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Guangdong, where the production party was strong and the workers' and peasants' movements were well established, so as to completely solve the land problem of farmers. 1On August 7th, 927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting (August 7th meeting) in Hankou, which corrected Chen Duxiu's right capitulationist line and determined the general policy of armed resistance to the massacre of Kuomintang reactionaries and agrarian revolution. The meeting decided to send Mao Zedong to Hunan to reorganize the Hunan Provincial Party Committee and lead the autumn harvest uprising.

After the August 7th meeting, Mao Zedong returned to Hunan as the Commissioner of the Central Committee. On August 6, 2008, the first meeting of the reorganized Hunan Provincial Party Committee was held in Dawu, Shenyang, a suburb of Changsha, to discuss and formulate the plan for the autumn harvest uprising, and set up the former enemy committee, with Mao Zedong as the secretary. In early September, Mao Zedong held a military meeting in Zhangjiawan, Anyuan, Jiangxi Province to discuss the specific deployment of the autumn harvest uprising. The main force participating in the uprising consists of two parts: one part is the guard regiment of the former Second Army General Command of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, which failed to catch up with the Nanchang Uprising; The other part is the peasant army in Pingjiang and Liuyang, Hunan, some peasant armed forces in Chongyang and Tongcheng, southern Hubei, and the workers armed forces in Anyuan Coal Mine. * * * About 5,000 people were unified into the first, second and third regiments of the First Division of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants. Before the uprising, some former Guizhou troops were incorporated into the Fourth Regiment. Lu Deming (former head of the Guard Corps, party member of the Communist Party of China, led by * * * *) was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Rebel Army, and Yu Sadu (party member of the Communist Party of China, led by * * *, who defected to the enemy) was appointed as the teacher. The goal of the uprising is to seize Changsha. On September 9, the autumn harvest uprising broke out on the Hunan-Jiangxi border. The revolutionary army of workers and peasants attacked Changsha from Xiushui, Anyuan and Tonggu respectively, and successively occupied Liling, Liuyang County, Longmen Factory in Pingjiang, Baisha and Dongmen City in Liuyang. At that time, because the revolutionary situation was at a low tide, the enemy was strong and we were weak, the masses lacked combat experience, some commanders of the rebel army made mistakes in command, and the newly incorporated Fourth Regiment defected in the battle, which caused serious setbacks to the rebel army. On September 6th, Mao Zedong held an emergency meeting in Shang Ping, Dongxiang, Liuyang, and decided to change the plan of attacking Changsha, and ordered the first, third and second regiments to quickly concentrate on Wen Gu, Liuyang. /Kloc-On the evening of 0/9, the former enemy committee held a meeting in Wen Jia, and decided that the insurgents would leave eastern Hunan, enter Jiangxi and March southward along the Luo Xiao Mountains to preserve the revolutionary forces. On the way south, the rebels were in a very difficult situation. In Luxi, Pingxiang County, Jiangxi Province, he was ambushed by the enemy and the commander-in-chief Lu Deming died. On September 29, when the troops arrived at Sanwan Village, Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, they were reorganized (that is, Sanwan Reorganization): from the original division to a regiment; Establish a party branch in the company; Establish soldiers' committees at all levels, implement a democratic management system, and make officers and men politically equal. On June+10, 5438, the troops arrived in the middle of Luo Xiao Mountain range, namely Jinggangshan area, and created the first rural revolutionary base area in China.

Compared with the Nanchang Uprising, the most obvious feature of the Autumn Harvest Uprising is that it is not only the action of the army, but also the participation of a large number of workers and peasants, and the banner of the revolutionary army of workers and peasants is publicly displayed. Although the initial goal of this uprising was to occupy big cities, it was a decisive new starting point in the history of the people's revolution to shift from attacking big cities to marching into the countryside in time after the uprising suffered serious setbacks. The uprising troops carried out guerrilla warfare in the countryside since childhood, which laid the foundation for the large-scale development of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants and the rural revolutionary base areas.