Teaching plan for the theme class meeting of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the second grade of primary school

Teaching plan for the theme class meeting of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the second grade of primary school

Activity goal: 1. By learning proverbs and fluency, students can have a preliminary understanding of the abnormal performance of nature before the earthquake, and cultivate their observation ability and self-protection consciousness.

2. Under the guidance and organization of teachers, students practice the skills of orderly escape and self-help in emergencies such as earthquakes, so that students can master the skills of how to avoid earthquake injuries when they have no time to escape.

Activity preparation: shockproof pictures and VCD, shockproof popular science films and shockproof popular science posters.

Activity flow:

First, by learning proverbs and fluency, students can understand the abnormal performance of nature before the earthquake and cultivate children's observation ability and self-protection consciousness.

1, interpretation (earthquake precursor)

2. Proverbs of well water changes before the earthquake:

Well water is a treasure, and earthquakes have precursors.

When it doesn't rain, the spring water is turbid, and when it dries, well water emerges.

The water level rises and falls, and flowers are bubbling.

Some change color, some change taste.

3. Proverbs of abnormal animal conditions:

Animals have signs before earthquakes, so it is very important to prevent and treat them by groups.

Cattle, sheep, mules and horses don't enter the stables, and pigs don't eat dogs and bite people.

Ducks don't go into the water and make noise on the shore, but chickens fly up the tree and scream loudly.

The snake came out of the hole in the ice and snow, and the mouse ran with the mouse in its mouth.

The rabbit jumped and bumped, and the fish jumped into the water.

Bees move noisily and pigeons fly back to their nests in horror.

Every household observes and reports any abnormal situation.

Before the earthquake, plants also had abnormal reactions, such as germination, flowering, fruiting or large-scale withering and abnormal exuberance in inappropriate seasons.

Second, the teacher explained the problems that should be paid attention to when the earthquake came:

1, families should prepare food, water, flashlights, towels, simple clothes, plastic sheets and simple tents, radios, pagers, etc. , and make emergency preparations to turn off the gas and switch. Flammable, explosive and highly toxic substances should not be kept indoors, but should be properly placed. Don't pile heavy objects on tall furniture. The main entrance, corridor and aisle of the house are not piled with sundries, which is convenient for evacuation. After the imminent earthquake prediction is released, the family members should obey the command of the local government and evacuate according to the designated route and place.

2. How to carry out personal protection when an earthquake occurs?

A. If you are indoors, you should hide under solid furniture nearby, such as a writing desk, a solid bed and a rural heatable kang, or you can hide in a corner or a small-span bathroom, kitchen and other places with many pipes and good integrity. Be careful not to hide under the window of the external wall, in the elevator room, and not to jump off the building. These are very dangerous.

B. If you are in the classroom, you should hold your head quickly, close your eyes and squat under the desk under the teacher's command. As soon as the earthquake stops, evacuate quickly and orderly, and don't crowd when evacuating.

C if outdoors, try to stay away from narrow streets, tall buildings, tall chimneys, transformers, glass curtain wall buildings, viaducts and yards where dangerous goods and inflammables are stored. After the earthquake stops, don't run back to the collapsed building easily to prevent aftershocks from hurting people.

D, if you are in a department store, you should hide near pillars or large commodities, but try to avoid glass cabinets. When you are upstairs, you should seize the opportunity to gradually move to the bottom.

E. If you are in a moving car, tram or train, you should grasp the handrails to avoid falling and bumping, and at the same time, you should pay attention to the luggage falling and hurting people. People facing the luggage on the seat can lean against the front chair with their arms to protect their heads and faces; People with their backs to luggage can protect their brains, knees and stomachs, and tighten their bodies. After the earthquake, get off the bus quickly and move to the open area.

F, no matter where you hide, try to protect your head with a quilt, pillow, schoolbag or other soft objects. If an open flame is being used, please put it out quickly.

Third, conduct simple earthquake drills.

Fourth, the summary of this lesson;

In this class, we have basically mastered the skills of orderly escape and self-help when an earthquake occurs through pictures, nursery rhymes and practical drills, so that we have mastered the skills of how to avoid earthquake injuries when it is too late to escape. Achieve our expected purpose. Everybody's fine.

Five, learn the heroic deeds of earthquake relief.

Sixth, extracurricular expansion:

Tell your family what you learned today, or test how much knowledge they have about earthquake prevention.

Teaching plan of class meeting on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in grade two and grade two

The theme of the activity is that natural disasters are merciless, and many people's lives are lost in natural disasters, especially the destructive nature of earthquakes. We will learn about earthquakes in this class meeting. I hope everyone can learn how to avoid earthquakes in this class.

Activity target second grade primary school

Activity purpose

1, through this class meeting, let the students know the serious disaster brought by the earthquake to the people.

2. Let students know and master some basic knowledge of earthquakes, and educate students not to panic when an earthquake occurs and take refuge in a safe place.

3. Strengthening students' self-protection consciousness and improving their self-protection ability is beneficial to their healthy growth.

Activity process

First, import the active theme:

On May 2, 2008, 12 was written into history. On the same day 14: 28, the sudden Wenchuan earthquake of magnitude 8.0 shook Wenchuan and the hearts of hundreds of millions of people. The beautiful county, such a charming land of abundance, suddenly the sky were to fall, broken walls. Painful moments, heartbroken figures, blood-stained children, injured faces? It's been bothering us for a long time

After the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan, it sounded the alarm for us to plan ahead. Usually, our life is very happy, but in fact, danger may happen at any time. If the earthquake really comes, dear students,

Are you ready to beat the earthquake?

Second, preparation before the earthquake: let earthquake prevention go deep into our daily life and get ready.

1. What preparations should be made before the earthquake?

Learn the basic knowledge of earthquake first aid, formulate family emergency plans, and carry out one-minute emergency evacuation drills for families; Prepare an earthquake-proof emergency kit. Complete emergency supplies. Furniture items should be placed at the bottom and lights at the top. Put the bed near the inner wall (load-bearing wall), away from the beams and chandeliers.

2. How to prepare for evacuation?

Clean up the sundries, so that the doorway and courtyard passage are unblocked, which is convenient for people to escape during the earthquake. Familiar with the surrounding environment, understand the shelter, and evacuate along the designated route in time during the earthquake.

Three, earthquake self-help knowledge:

1, what is the principle of shock absorption in earthquake?

(You should crouch under the bed, desk, small-span room and other safe corners nearby, and evacuate quickly after the earthquake. 2. How to save yourself in the earthquake? Let the students discuss and communicate first, and then make supplements and summaries. 1 We can only do it. First, cut off the power supply and gas supply to prevent fire. Protect your head with a pillow, hand or cushion.

2. Rush out of the house to the open space in the bungalow. If it's too late, just wait under the hard furniture and wait for an opportunity to move.

3. Follow the principle of avoiding nearby in the building. Avoid going to the nearest "safe corner" under the bed or desk or in small rooms such as kitchen, bathroom and storage room. Don't jump off a building after a strong earthquake and wait for an orderly evacuation. When evacuating from a tall building, you should take the safe passage and never take the elevator.

Don't run outside the classroom in the classroom, hold your head and close your eyes, and hide under the desk.

After the earthquake, he moved outside the classroom under the command of his teacher. When you are outside the playground, you can squat down in the same place and cover your head with your hands. Pay attention to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects.

5. Choose to squat or get down in an empty place on the street to avoid tall buildings, such as buildings.

6. Once the vibration stops, you must evacuate to a safe place quickly. When you are buried, the most important thing is to establish confidence in survival and calm down. First of all, remove the debris around your head, keep breathing smoothly, and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel when you smell gas or toxic gas; Bricks, wood, etc. It is used to support rubble and prevent the environment from further deterioration after aftershocks. Don't cry, try to control your emotions, try to rest, and wait for rescuers to arrive. If you are injured, you should dress the wound in a simple way to avoid excessive blood loss and coma. In order to save food and drink, the water and food in the shockproof bag must be used sparingly, and the water pipe can be tapped when a distress signal is sent.

Four, mutual rescue knowledge after the earthquake:

1, the principle of saving people after the earthquake is to save people nearby first. Whether it is family, neighbors or strangers, so as not to miss the opportunity to save people and cause undue losses. Save the young first. Can let them play a role in disaster relief quickly. It's easy to save first It can speed up the rescue and expand the rescue team as soon as possible.

2. First, ask your family or neighbors to provide information. Ask whether there are people in need of rescue in the buried objects by shouting and knocking at the door. Listen carefully to the distress signal and determine the location of the buried person. On the premise of maintaining ventilation (ventilation), make signs and wait for professional rescue team personnel to come for treatment.

3, close to the buried personnel, don't use sharp tools to dig. Pay attention to distinguish between supports and general buried objects, and do not destroy the original supporting conditions, so as not to cause new injuries to personnel. First exposure

The nose and mouth dust on the head of the buried person should be removed to ensure that the survivors can breathe smoothly. In the process of rescue, it is not allowed to pull hard and drag hard to avoid the body of the rescued person being injured again. Cover your eyes to avoid glare. Don't take in a lot of fresh air suddenly, and don't eat too much at once. Avoid being too excited by the rescued person.

Activity summary

The earthquake is terrible because of its unpredictability and power, but if we are prepared to challenge the "natural disaster", the power of the earthquake will be much lower before it happens. Students, usually read some self-protection books to protect our safety! Our school is expected to hold an earthquake prevention and disaster reduction exercise next Monday and Tuesday. I hope all the students can follow the teacher's instructions and ensure the safety of the practice. For the sake of safety, there must be no safety problems in the practice.

Teaching plan of class meeting on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in grade three and grade two

The purpose of the second grade class meeting

1, master the emergency measures in various situations when the earthquake comes.

2. Care about life, study and live happily every day.

Time: May xxx 12.

Class meeting content

First, the topic introduction:

Earthquake is a common natural disaster, which poses a great threat to human beings. There are about 5 million earthquakes on the earth every year. The Tangshan 1976 earthquake in May 2008 and the Wenchuan 12 8 earthquake both caused huge property losses and casualties. The theme of this class meeting is earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, cherishing life.

Second, the precursors of the earthquake

As a natural phenomenon, earthquakes sometimes have some precursors before they happen. If we can master these precursors, it will play an active role in earthquake prevention. For example, before the earthquake, the water level in the well often rises or falls suddenly, the atmosphere smells bad, birds and animals panic, and wild animals react abnormally. There are sparks between wires, blue light in the room and fluorescent lights on. Everyone should know how to report it immediately, but never predict "there will be an earthquake" or believe the rumor that "there will be an earthquake".

Third, the cause of the earthquake.

Because the earth is constantly moving and changing, it gradually accumulates huge energy, causing sudden rupture of rock strata or dislocation of original faults in some fragile areas of the crust. This is an earthquake. Most earthquakes occur in the earth's crust.

Fourth, learn the emergency measures in various situations when the earthquake comes:

1. How do school personnel prevent earthquakes?

In school, what is most needed in the earthquake is the calmness and decisiveness of school leaders and teachers. In areas with medium and long-term earthquake prediction, students should be taught about earthquakes, prevention and shock absorption in combination with teaching activities. Before the earthquake, we should arrange the route and venue for students to transfer and evacuate; After the earthquake, calmly direct the students to evacuate in an orderly manner. In a relatively solid and safe house, students who can hide under desks, beside platforms and in teaching buildings can go to small rooms supported by pipes, and students are not allowed to run around or jump off buildings.

2. How do students absorb shock at school?

When the earthquake comes, if you are in the classroom, you should hold your head quickly, close your eyes and hide under the desk under the teacher's command. Never jump off a building! Don't stand outside the window! Don't go to the balcony If you are in the playground or outdoors, you can squat down in place, cover your head with your hands, avoid tall buildings or dangerous things, and don't go back to the classroom. After the earthquake, it is necessary to evacuate in an organized way and attend classes outdoors if necessary.

3. How does the family absorb shock?

The earthquake warning time is short, and the indoor shock absorption is more real, and the triangular space formed after the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe living place for people, which can be called shock absorption space. This mainly refers to the space formed by large collapsed bodies and supports. The places that are easy to form a triangular space indoors are: under the edge of the kang, near the solid furniture; Root and corner of interior wall; Kitchen, bathroom, storage room and other small places.

(1) Take the time to avoid danger urgently. If you feel that the shaking is very light, it means that the source is far away. Just hide under solid furniture. The shaking process from the beginning to the end of a major earthquake takes only ten seconds to dozens of seconds, so it is most important to seize the time to prevent earthquakes, so don't delay the time.

(2) Choose a suitable shockproof space. The safer indoor earthquake-proof space is: the root and corner of the load-bearing wall; There are water pipes and warm air pipes. The most unfavorable places for shock absorption in the house are: unsupported beds; Under the ceiling and chandelier; On the floor without support around; Next to the glass (including the mirror) and the big window.

(3) do a good job of self-protection. First of all, you should be calm. After choosing the shelter, you should squat or sit down, face down and rest with your forehead on your arm. Or grab a solid object around you, such as a table leg, to avoid falling down during an earthquake or being injured due to out-of-control displacement of the body; Protect your head and neck, bow your head, and protect your head or back neck with your hands; Protect your eyes, lower your head and close your eyes to prevent foreign body injury; Protect your mouth and nose. If possible, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to prevent dust and toxic gases.

4. How to prevent shock in public places?

Listen to the instructions of the field staff, don't panic, don't rush to the exit, avoid crowding, avoid crowds, and avoid being pushed to the wall or fence.

In theaters, gymnasiums, etc. : Squat down or lie under a row of chairs; Pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans; Protect your head with a schoolbag, etc. After the earthquake, listen to the command of the staff and evacuate in an organized manner.

In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, subways, etc. : Choose solid counters and commodities (such as low furniture). ) or pillars, and squat down in the inner corner, and cover your head with your hands or other things; Avoid glass doors and windows, glass windows or counters; Avoid tall and unstable shelves or shelves with heavy objects and fragile items; Avoid tall or hanging objects, such as billboards and chandeliers.

Moving electric (automobile) vehicle: Hold the handrail tightly to avoid falling or bumping; Lower your center of gravity and hide near your seat. Don't get off until the earthquake has passed.

5. How to prevent electric shock outdoors?

Site selection of open space shock absorption: squat or get down to avoid falling; Don't run around and avoid crowded places; Don't go back indoors casually.

Avoid tall buildings or structures: buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls; Crossing bridges and overpasses; Under tall chimneys and water towers.

Avoid dangerous objects, towering or hanging objects: transformers, telephone poles, street lamps, etc. Billboards, cranes, etc.

Avoid other dangerous places: narrow streets; Dangerous old houses, dangerous walls; Under the parapet, high gate face and awning; Bricks, wood and other things piled up.

6. Shock absorption points:

Whether to run or hide during an earthquake, most experts in our country believe that it is a better way to avoid nearby during an earthquake and evacuate to a safe place quickly after the earthquake. For shock absorption, you should choose a solid place indoors. Under (next to) objects that can cover your body, it is easy to form a triangular space, a small, supported place, and an open and safe place indoors.

The posture that the body should take: squat or sit down, curl up as much as possible and lower the center of gravity. Grab a solid object, such as a table leg. Protect your head, neck and eyes, and cover your mouth and nose. Avoid crowds, don't crowd around, and don't light open flames casually, because there may be flammable and explosive gases in the air.

7. Experts suggest that we should consciously master some scientific and applicable shock absorption strategies:

Strategy 1: Stay calm during the earthquake and go outdoors after the earthquake. This is an international standard for earthquake prevention. Many earthquake examples at home and abroad show that people are likely to be killed or injured in a short time when they enter or leave buildings. Therefore, experts remind that indoor shock absorption conditions are good, and indoor shock absorption must be selected first. If the building has poor earthquake resistance, try to run out of the room. Experts suggest that don't panic when an earthquake occurs, keep your vision open and mobile, and let the camera move. Especially don't stay in bed; Don't run to the balcony; Don't run to the corridor where there are many people; Don't jump off a building; Don't use the elevator. If there is an earthquake, you should leave the elevator as soon as possible. If the door won't open, hold your head down. In addition, it is necessary to immediately put out the fire and cut off the power supply to prevent burns, electric shocks and fires.

Strategy 2: The position of shock absorber is very important. If you live in a building shock absorber, you can judge the situation according to the building layout and indoor conditions and find a safe space to escape. Find a place where a triangular space can be formed. It's safer to squat next to the heater, which is very important. The reticular structure and elasticity of metal pipes are not easy to be torn, and it is not easy to be thrown out even if there is a big earthquake. The heating pipe is well ventilated, which is not easy to cause suffocation; The water stored in the pipeline can also prolong the survival period. More importantly, trapped people can send information to the outside world by tapping the heating pipe, and the location of the heating near the external wall is conducive to getting help as soon as possible. Hiding in a small room like kitchen and bathroom, pay special attention to stay away from stoves, gas pipes and fragile dishes. If the kitchen and bathroom are in the corner of the building and the partition wall is thin-walled, don't choose it as an earthquake-proof place. In addition, don't get into cabinets or boxes, because once people get into them, they will immediately lose their mobility, their vision will be blocked, and their limbs will be tied, which not only misses the opportunity to escape, but also is not conducive to being rescued; Poor lying posture increases the plane area of human body, and the probability of being hit is five times greater than that of standing posture, making it difficult to maneuver.

Strategy 3: near water is not close to fire, but outside rather than inside. This is an important principle to ensure timely assistance from others in urban earthquakes. Stay away from gas stoves, gas pipelines and household appliances; Don't choose the internal position of the building, try to be close to the external wall, but don't hide under the window; Try to get close to the water source. Once trapped, try to contact the outside world. In addition to using a mobile phone, you can also use water pipes and radiators or turn on a flashlight.

8. Self-rescue and mutual rescue after the earthquake:

If you are buried under the ruins during the earthquake, your surroundings are dark and there is only a very small space. Don't panic, be calm, build up confidence in survival, and believe that someone will come to save you and do everything possible to protect yourself.

After an earthquake, there are often many aftershocks, and the situation may continue to deteriorate. In order to avoid new injuries, we should try our best to improve our environment. In this extremely unfavorable environment, first of all, we should protect the smooth breathing, remove the debris from the head and chest, and cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes when you smell gas and toxic gases; Avoid weak collapsed objects and other falling objects above the body; Expand the stable living space and support the ruins with bricks and sticks to prevent the environment from further deterioration after aftershocks.

Try to get out of danger. If you can't find a way out of danger, try to save your strength, hit something that can make a sound with a stone and send out a distress signal. Don't cry, don't be impatient, don't act blindly, it will consume a lot of energy and physical strength. Try to control your emotions or close your eyes and wait for rescuers to arrive. If you are injured, try to dress it to avoid excessive bleeding.