How to improve college students' innovative ability

In the current research and practice of quality education in China, innovative education should be placed in a prominent position. What is innovative education? Simply put, quality education aimed at cultivating students' innovative spirit and ability is innovative education.

First, the main performance of college students' lack of innovation ability

China's Higher Education Law (65438-0998) clearly pointed out: "The task of higher education is to cultivate senior professionals with innovative spirit and practical ability." Innovation ability refers to the ability of individuals to put forward new theories, concepts or invent new technologies and products. As far as the form of expression is concerned, innovation ability is invention and discovery, and it is the operation of human creativity. However, in the education and teaching activities of colleges and universities, we found through investigation that the innovation ability of modern college students is generally reduced, and the overall evaluation result is that the innovation ability is poor.

The lack of innovative consciousness and ability of college students is mainly manifested in the following aspects:

(A) the lack of innovative ideas and innovative desire. The development of innovative ability and the emergence of innovative behavior are based on innovative ideas and innovative desires. Without innovative ideas and desires, a person will not develop his own innovative potential, and he will have no intention to explore innovation. Although most students in the survey are not satisfied with the present situation, they often just complain and sigh, but they lack confidence in their actions and strong innovative spirit.

(2) Lack of innovative thinking ability. The overall evaluation of college students' innovative thinking ability is "poor", which is manifested in the lack of deep thinking, self-summary and learning ability. The methods of considering and dealing with problems are often the same, without new ideas and breakthroughs. The most obvious performance is the lack of innovative speeches, homework, papers and papers everywhere.

(3) Lack of interest in innovation. Interest is the tendency of people's cognitive activities with positive emotions. Interest is a great motivation for personal action. According to the survey, only 19% of the students think they have "wide interests". In terms of the depth of interest, 68% of students think that "interest is not enough"; On the stability of interest, 45.8% students answered that "interest changes with time, environment and mood"; In terms of the efficiency of interest, 39% of the students "only talk verbally and seldom take concrete actions".

(D) Lack of perseverance in innovation. Perseverance is a psychological process in which human beings consciously set goals, control and adjust their actions according to the goals, overcome all kinds of difficulties, and persistently achieve the goals. It is a concentrated expression of initiative and personal enthusiasm. It is found in the survey that although college students are aware of the importance of perseverance in innovation activities, they often give up their pursuit in practical work.

(5) Lack of observation required for innovation. Observation is a perceptual process in which individuals take the initiative to know things for predetermined purposes, and it is an advanced form of perceptual activities. All innovations are based on observation. When analyzing the regularity of telephone number 74 14345, 56.9% of the students spent more than 10 second, and only 19% spent less than 5 seconds. 43% students "don't pay attention to the surrounding environment when walking", which is higher than "pay attention to the surrounding environment" 12 percentage points. The survey results show that college students are generally deficient in the speed and breadth of observation, the integrity and generality of observation, and the planning and flexibility of observation.

Second, specific measures to cultivate college students' innovative ability

College students have innovation potential, and their innovation ability can be greatly improved as long as appropriate methods are adopted. On the contrary, without innovative education, it is difficult for college students to give full play to their innovative potential. We need to explore, pursue and innovate with innovative consciousness and scientific attitude. We believe that to cultivate college students' innovative ability, we must do the following work well:

(A) establish the concept of innovative education.

Traditional education in China attaches importance to the memory of predecessors' achievements and ignores the cultivation of innovative ability, which leads to students' blind dependence on authority and textbooks. Therefore, colleges and universities should change the values, quality and talents that are not conducive to the cultivation of innovative talents, and firmly establish new educational concepts of innovative education, quality education, lifelong education, open education and diversified education. We should attach importance to cultivating students' critical spirit and skeptical spirit. On the basis of imparting knowledge, change "teaching people to fish" to "teaching people to fish", and inspire students to learn to use their knowledge to solve problems and explore the unknown world. On this basis, we should boldly reform the existing teaching content, teaching methods, teaching means and talent training mode, and establish an innovative education system that meets the requirements of quality education.

(2) Innovation should be based on its own characteristics.

First, give full play to traditional advantages. For example, Zhengzhou Institute of Technology has its own advantages in the research of grain, oil and food specialty. The other is to develop advantages. For example, our college has actively explored the mode of cooperative education and achieved certain results. In terms of specialty setting, in recent years, art majors, electronic information majors, radio and television news majors have been added. It embodies a certain innovative spirit and also gives college students a broad learning space.

(3) Reform teaching methods.

We should actively implement heuristic and discussion teaching to stimulate students' independent thinking and innovative consciousness and effectively improve the teaching quality. Students should feel and understand the process of knowledge generation and development, and cultivate their scientific spirit and innovative thinking habits.

In teaching, vigorously promote the "subject participation classroom teaching mode". The subject participation classroom teaching mode is guided by the subject education thought and characterized by teachers guiding students to participate in the whole learning process, aiming at cultivating students' subject consciousness and ability as well as innovative spirit and ability. At the same time, the methods of classroom debate, CAI teaching, students' lectures and special topics are used to stimulate college students' curiosity and cultivate their exploration spirit.

(4) Strengthen practical teaching.

Through practice, it can not only help college students to firmly grasp the knowledge they have learned, but also exercise their ability to analyze and solve problems by using knowledge and cultivate their innovative ability. Strengthen practical teaching, especially experimental teaching, and pay attention to the cultivation of college students' innovative ability and experimental ability. Schools should establish open laboratories and innovative education experimental bases to provide opportunities and places for college students to practice.

(5) Encourage students to participate in scientific and technological activities.

Participating in scientific research during school is an effective way to improve college students' innovative ability. College students can be introduced to participate in teachers' scientific research projects, or students can choose their own topics, and the school will give financial support and send people to guide them. Students' scientific and technological activities should be inspected and evaluated regularly to cultivate their innovative perseverance and sense of responsibility. When conditions are ripe, students are encouraged to set up "scientific and technological invention and creation societies" to gather students with the same interests, attract more students to take the initiative to participate in scientific and technological innovation activities and cultivate their innovation ability.

(6) Reform the examination methods.

At present, the examination method emphasizes knowledge test, but ignores ability assessment, and simply takes scores as the evaluation standard of students' level, which seriously stifles students' innovative ability. We should pay equal attention to knowledge and ability, combine theory with practice, and focus on testing students' ability to understand, master and flexibly use what they have learned, as well as their practical ability. We can combine written answers with scientific research papers, product design and social investigation reports. , so as to test not only knowledge, but also ability and comprehensive quality, and promote college students to actively improve their innovative consciousness and ability.

(7) Reform the curriculum system.

First, the choice of courses should be wide; Second, there should be a relatively perfect curriculum conversion system to enable students to study across majors and departments. The talents needed by the future society should not only have certain professional skills, but also have the ability to change jobs according to the needs of economic development and changes. The educational concept of Chinese universities is to strengthen quality education. Cultivate students' reasonable knowledge structure, broad vision and deep foundation, and enhance their ability to adapt to society.

(8) Offering "innovation" courses.

"Innovation" is a new discipline. In the teaching process, we should pay attention to time training, systematically explain innovative thinking, innovative engineering, innovative education and innovative ability training, and pay attention to cultivating students' flexible thinking, innovative thinking, divergent thinking and reverse thinking. Cultivate students' fluency, flexibility, accuracy, agility and flexibility in thinking. This can activate college students' innovative potential and initiative, let students master innovative thinking strategies, make their thinking fluent and flexible, and cultivate their sensitivity to new knowledge.

(9) Create a campus cultural environment conducive to the growth of innovative talents.

The construction of new campus culture embodies the requirements of innovative education and is an important innovative practice. The growth of innovative talents needs an atmosphere of equality, trust, tolerance and enterprising, which can be reflected in classroom teaching, extracurricular activities, teaching style, teacher-student relationship, material and spiritual campus environment through conscious campus culture construction, and has a direct or indirect, conscious or subtle and lasting impact on the development of students' innovative personality through these aspects. For example, in the design of campus buildings, in the choice of campus colors, in the choice of campus music, in the equipment of teachers and students' clothing, and in the layout of classrooms, we should give consideration to nature and humanity, liveliness and solemnity, uniformity and individuality. The pursuit of innovation should be embodied in school motto, slogan and publicity column. Portraits and statues of people who have made indelible contributions to human development can be seen everywhere on campus, which embodies the positive value promotion of innovation and creation by schools everywhere.

(10) Open teaching.

Universities should be open and international, and universities are a whole. In the case of inheriting her tradition and years of study style, we will actively develop exchanges and cooperation at home and abroad, establish inter-school relations, exchange graduate students and visiting scholars, and carry out scientific research cooperation.

Because innovative education is a new educational idea and a new research and experiment of educational reform, we don't pray that all people will agree with it at the beginning. However, we hope that people can treat it with a normal mind, think from the characteristics of the times, the talents needed by the country and the nation, the present situation and future development of education in China, and then draw an objective and fair conclusion. Our nation is originally a nation with great innovative spirit and ability, and has made great contributions to the progress of human civilization. In our traditional culture and education, there are not only precious traditions of self-improvement, enterprising and innovation, but also many negative effects that are not conducive to innovation. We should fully understand this. For various reasons, it may be an important and arduous thing to carry out innovative education, but we are full of confidence in it. Although innovative education is not perfect and mature at this stage, it is the call of the times, the idea of the arrival of opportunities, a new educational choice and a practical research that is conducive to deepening quality education, so it has strong vitality. Let's strengthen our confidence, unite and struggle, and continue to advance this research in a down-to-earth manner.

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