What are the details of the Law on the Protection of Minors of June 2007 1?

Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution in order to protect the physical and mental health of minors, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, promote their all-round moral, intellectual and physical development, and train socialist builders and successors with ideals, morality, education and discipline. Minors mentioned in this Law refer to citizens under the age of 18. Article 3 Minors shall enjoy the right to subsistence, development and protection. According to the characteristics of physical and mental development of minors, the state gives them special and priority protection to ensure that their legitimate rights and interests are not violated. The state, society, schools and families respect and protect minors' right to education, and minors enjoy equal rights according to law regardless of gender, nationality, race, family property status and religious beliefs. Article 4 The state, society, schools and families shall provide ideal education to minors. Moral education, cultural education, discipline and legal education, patriotism, collectivism and socialism education, advocating public morality of loving the motherland, people, labor, science and socialism, and opposing the erosion of capitalism, feudalism and other decadent ideas Article 5 The protection of minors shall follow the following principles: respect the personal dignity of minors; The second is to adapt to the laws and characteristics of minors' physical and mental development; Three. Combination of education and protection Article 6 Protecting minors is the common responsibility of state organs, armed forces, political parties, social organizations, enterprises and institutions, urban and rural grassroots mass autonomous organizations, guardians of minors and other adult citizens. Any organization or individual has the right to dissuade, stop or report or accuse to the relevant departments. The state, society, schools and families should educate and help minors to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, enhance their awareness and ability of self-protection and enhance their sense of social responsibility. Incorporate the protection of minors into the national economic and social development plan, and incorporate the relevant funds of the annual plan into the government budget at the corresponding level. The State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall take organizational measures to coordinate relevant departments in the protection of minors. The specific institutions shall be formulated by the people's governments of the State Council and provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Article 8 Productive youth leagues, women's federations, trade unions, youth federations, student federations, young pioneers and other relevant social organizations shall assist people's governments at all levels in the protection of minors and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Ninth people's governments at all levels and relevant departments shall commend and reward organizations and individuals that have made remarkable achievements in the protection of minors. Chapter II Family Protection Article 10 Parents or other guardians shall create a good and harmonious family environment and fulfill their obligations of guardianship and upbringing of minors according to law. Domestic violence against minors is prohibited. Abuse, abandonment of minors, drowning and other acts that harm babies are prohibited. Do not discriminate against female minors or disabled minors. Article 11 Parents or other guardians should pay attention to the physiological, psychological and behavioral habits of minors, educate and influence minors with good conduct and appropriate methods, guide minors to carry out activities beneficial to their physical and mental health, and prevent and stop minors from smoking, drinking, wandering, indulging in the Internet, gambling, drug abuse and prostitution. Article 12 Parents or other guardians should learn family education knowledge and correctly perform their guardianship duties. Raising and educating minors, as well as relevant state organs and social organizations, shall provide guidance on family education for parents or other guardians of minors. Article 13 Parents or other guardians shall respect minors' right to education, and must enable school-age minors to enter school according to law, receive and complete compulsory education, and shall not allow minors who receive compulsory education. Fourteenth parents or other guardians should inform the minors themselves and listen to their opinions when making decisions involving their rights and interests according to their age and intellectual development. Fifteenth parents or other guardians shall not allow or force minors to get married or enter into an engagement for minors. Sixteenth parents can not perform guardianship duties for minors because of going out to work or other reasons, they should entrust guardianship. Chapter III Protection of Schools by Adults; Seventeenth schools should fully implement the national education policy, implement quality education, improve the quality of education, pay attention to cultivating the independent thinking ability, innovation ability and practical ability of underage students, and promote their all-round development; Article 18 Schools should respect the right of underage students to receive education, care for and cherish students, and patiently educate students with shortcomings in conduct and difficulties in learning. Help and education shall not discriminate, and shall not expel underage students in violation of laws and state regulations. Article 19 Schools shall, according to the physical and mental development characteristics of minor students, provide them with social life guidance, mental health guidance and adolescent education. Twentieth schools should cooperate with parents or other guardians to ensure that the sleep, entertainment and physical exercise time of underage students does not increase their learning burden. Article 21 Teachers and staff in schools, kindergartens and nurseries should respect the personal dignity of minors. Corporal punishment, disguised corporal punishment or other acts that insult personal dignity are not allowed. Twenty-second schools, kindergartens and nurseries should establish safety systems, strengthen safety education for minors, and take measures to ensure the personal safety of minors. Schools, kindergartens and nurseries shall not set up school buildings and other facilities that endanger the personal safety and health of minors. Schools and kindergartens that carry out educational and teaching activities should arrange for minors to participate in collective activities such as assembly, cultural entertainment and social practice, which should be conducive to the healthy growth of minors and prevent personal safety accidents. Article 23 The administrative departments of education, schools, kindergartens and nurseries shall formulate plans to deal with various disasters, infectious diseases and food poisoning, and plans to deal with unexpected accidents such as accidental injuries, and equip them with corresponding facilities and necessary drills to enhance the awareness and ability of minors to protect themselves. Twenty-fourth minors who are injured in school or in extracurricular activities organized by the school shall be rescued and properly handled in a timely manner, and report to the relevant competent departments in a timely manner. Twenty-fifth schools, parents or other guardians should cooperate with each other to discipline minor students who have serious bad behavior in school education. Those who cannot be disciplined or are poorly disciplined may be sent to special schools for further education in accordance with relevant regulations. Local people's governments that set up special schools according to law shall guarantee the conditions for running special schools. The administrative department of education shall strengthen the management and guidance of special schools. The relevant departments shall give assistance and cooperation. Special schools should carry out ideological education, cultural education, discipline and legal education for underage students in school. The teaching and administrative staff of specialized schools of labor technology education and vocational education shall care for, love and respect students, and shall not discriminate against or exclude students. Twenty-sixth kindergartens should do a good job in conservation and education to promote the harmonious development of children's physique, intelligence and morality. Chapter IV Social Protection Article 27 The whole society should establish a good habit of respecting, protecting and educating minors. The state encourages social organizations to care for and care for minors. Enterprises, institutions, other organizations and individuals carry out various forms of social activities conducive to the healthy growth of minors. Article 28 People's governments at all levels shall protect minors' right to education and take measures to ensure that minors with financial difficulties, disabled minors and floating population receive compulsory education Article 29 People's governments at all levels shall establish and improve places and facilities suitable for minors' cultural life, encourage social forces to set up places suitable for minors, and strengthen management Article 30 Patriotic education bases, libraries, youth palaces and children's activity centers shall be open to minors free of charge; Museums, memorial halls, science and technology museums, exhibition halls, art galleries, cultural centers, theaters, stadiums, zoos, parks and other places shall be open to minors free of charge or at preferential rates in accordance with relevant regulations. Thirty-first people's governments at or above the county level and their education administrative departments shall take measures to encourage and support primary and secondary schools to open cultural and sports facilities to minors free of charge or at preferential rates during holidays. Community public internet service facilities should be open to minors free of charge or at preferential rates to provide security for minors. Healthy Internet Services Article 32 The State encourages the news, publishing, information industry, broadcasting, movies, television, literature and art, writers, artists, scientists and other citizens to create or provide works that are beneficial to the healthy growth of minors, and to publish, produce and disseminate books, newspapers, periodicals and audio-visual products with healthy contents specially for minors. The state gives support to electronic publications and network information. The state encourages scientific research institutions and scientific and technological organizations to carry out scientific knowledge popularization activities for minors. Article 33 The State shall take measures to prevent minors from indulging in the Internet. The state encourages research and development of network products that are conducive to the healthy growth of minors, and promotes new technologies to prevent minors from indulging in the network. Article 34 Any organization or individual is prohibited from making or selling to minors. Books, newspapers, periodicals, audio-visual products, electronic publications, and online information that rent or otherwise disseminate obscenity, violence, murder, terror, gambling, etc. Article 35 The production and sale of food, medicines, toys, utensils and amusement facilities for minors shall conform to national standards or industrial standards, and shall not harm the safety and health of minors; If you need to indicate the matters needing attention, you should indicate it in a prominent position. Thirty-sixth primary and secondary schools are not allowed to set up commercial song and dance entertainment places, Internet service places and other places that are not suitable for minors' activities. Commercial song and dance entertainment places, Internet service places and other places that are not suitable for minors' activities shall not allow minors to enter. Operators should set up signs prohibiting minors from entering in a prominent position; If it is difficult to distinguish whether it is an adult, it shall be required to show its identity documents. Article 37 It is forbidden to sell alcohol and tobacco to minors. Operators should set up signs in a prominent position not to sell alcohol and tobacco to minors. For those who are difficult to distinguish whether they have reached adulthood, they should be required to show their identity documents. No one is allowed to smoke in classrooms, dormitories, activity rooms and other places where minors are concentrated in primary and secondary schools, kindergartens and nurseries. Article 38 No organization or individual may recruit minors under the age of 16, unless otherwise stipulated by the state. Any organization or individual that recruits minors who have reached the age of 16 but have not reached the age of 18 in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state shall implement the provisions of the state on types of work, working hours, labor intensity and protective measures, and shall not arrange them to engage in overweight, toxic, harmful labor or dangerous operations that endanger the physical and mental health of minors. Article 39 No organization or individual may disclose the personal privacy of minors, and no organization or individual may conceal or destroy minors' letters, diaries and e-mails. No organization or individual may open or consult the letters, diaries and e-mails of minors without legal capacity, except that the public security organs or people's procuratorates conduct inspections according to law in order to trace crimes. Fortieth schools, kindergartens, nurseries and public places should give priority to helping minors when emergencies occur. Article 41 It is forbidden to abduct, kidnap or mistreat minors, to sexually abuse minors, to coerce or trick minors into begging or to organize minors to engage in activities harmful to their physical and mental health. Forty-second public security organs should take effective measures to maintain public security and traffic order around the campus according to law, and prevent and stop illegal and criminal acts that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors. No organization or individual may disturb the teaching order, occupy or destroy the venues, houses and facilities of schools, kindergartens and nurseries. Article 43 People's governments at or above the county level and their civil affairs departments shall set up rescue places according to the needs, provide assistance to vagrants and beggars who have no livelihood, and assume the responsibility of temporary guardianship; The public security department or other relevant departments shall escort vagrants and beggars or minors who have run away from home to rescue places, give them assistance and take proper care of them, and promptly notify their parents or other guardians to take back orphans, people whose parents or other guardians cannot be identified and other minors who have no life. Children's welfare institutions set up by civil affairs departments will take care of and raise minors. Relief agencies, child welfare agencies and their staff shall perform their duties according to law and shall not abuse or discriminate against minors. Forty-fourth health departments and schools should provide health care and nutrition guidance to minors, provide necessary health care conditions and do a good job in disease prevention. The health department should do a good job in children's vaccination, and the national immunization program vaccine is vaccinated free of charge; Actively prevent and treat common and frequently-occurring diseases in children, strengthen supervision and management of infectious disease prevention and control, and strengthen professional guidance, supervision and inspection of health care in kindergartens and nurseries. Article 45 Local people's governments at all levels shall actively develop nurseries and kindergartens, support social organizations and individuals to set up nursing rooms, nurseries and kindergartens according to law, and relevant departments shall adopt various forms to cultivate and train kindergartens. Nurses and teachers in nurseries should improve their professional ethics and professional ability. Article 46 The state protects the intellectual achievements and the right of honor of minors from infringement according to law. Article 47 The relevant government departments, social organizations, enterprises and institutions shall, according to the actual situation, provide vocational education for minors who have completed compulsory education for a specified number of years and will not pursue further studies, and create conditions for their employment. Villagers' committees shall assist relevant departments in educating and rescuing minors who commit crimes, and prevent and stop illegal and criminal acts that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors. Article 49 The infringed person, his guardian or other organizations and individuals have the right to complain to the relevant departments about the acts that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors, and the relevant departments shall promptly handle them according to law. Chapter V Judicial Protection Article 50 Public security organs, people's procuratorates, people's courts and judicial administrative departments shall perform their duties according to law and protect the legitimate rights and interests of minors in judicial activities. Article 51 A people's court that brings a lawsuit to a people's court according to law shall promptly hear the case according to law to adapt to the physiology of minors. Psychological characteristics and the need of healthy growth, protect the legitimate rights and interests of minors. In judicial activities, legal aid institutions or people's courts shall help minors who need legal aid or judicial assistance and provide them with legal aid or judicial assistance according to law. Article 52 When trying cases of inheritance, the people's courts shall protect minors' rights of inheritance and bequest according to law. The people's court shall hear and express divorce cases involving the support of minor children. Opinions of willing and capable minor children shall be handled according to the principle of safeguarding children's rights and interests and the specific conditions of both parties. Article 53 If parents or other guardians fail to perform their guardianship duties or infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors under guardianship, the people's court may, upon the application of the relevant personnel or units, revoke their guardianship and appoint another guardian according to law. Parents who have been disqualified from guardianship shall continue to bear the maintenance expenses according to law. The principle of education, probation and salvation is implemented for minors who commit crimes, and the principle of giving priority to education and supplementing punishment is adhered to. Minors who commit crimes shall be given a lighter, mitigated or exempted punishment according to law. Article 55 When handling juvenile criminal cases and cases involving the protection of minors' rights and interests, public security organs and people's procuratorates should take care of the characteristics of minors' physical and mental development, respect their personal dignity and protect their legitimate rights and interests, and set up special institutions or designate special personnel to handle them as needed. Article 56 When a public security organ or a people's procuratorate interrogates a juvenile criminal suspect or a juvenile witness, the victim shall notify his guardian to be present. The people's court shall protect the reputation of the victim when trying criminal cases in which minors are sexually assaulted. Article 57 Minors who are detained or serving sentences shall be held separately from adults. Minors who have not completed compulsory education shall receive compulsory education. Minors who have served their sentences shall be released from custody and shall not be discriminated against in terms of resumption of schooling, further studies and employment. Fifty-eighth news reports, film and television programs, public publications, the Internet, etc. shall not disclose the names, residences, photos, images or information that may be inferred from minors. Article 59 The correction of serious bad behaviors of minors and the prevention of criminal acts shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency. Chapter VI Legal Liability Article 60 If anyone violates the provisions of this Law and infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors, the provisions of other laws and regulations shall apply. If personal or property losses or other damages are caused, civil liability shall be borne according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. Article 61 If a state organ or its staff fails to perform their duties of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of minors, infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors, or retaliates against complaints, accusations and informers, their units or higher authorities shall order them to make corrections, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given administrative sanctions according to law. Sixty-second parents or other guardians who do not perform their guardianship duties according to law infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors shall be warned and stopped by their units, residents' committees and villagers' committees. If it constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security organ shall give administrative punishment according to law. Sixty-third schools, kindergartens and nurseries infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors, and the administrative department of education or other relevant departments shall order them to make corrections; If the circumstances are serious, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law. If the staff and workers of schools, kindergartens and nurseries impose corporal punishment, disguised corporal punishment or other insulting acts on minors, their units or higher authorities shall order them to make corrections; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be punished according to law. Article 64 Whoever makes or sells, rents or otherwise disseminates books, newspapers, periodicals, audio-visual products, electronic publications and online information such as obscenity, violence, murder, terror and gambling to minors shall be ordered by the competent department to make corrections, and shall be given administrative punishment according to law. Article 65 The making and selling of food, medicines, toys, utensils and amusement facilities for minors do not meet the national or industrial standards, or are not obvious. Sixty-sixth in the vicinity of primary and secondary schools to set up commercial song and dance entertainment venues, Internet service business premises and other places not suitable for minors' activities, the competent authorities shall close them down and give administrative penalties according to law. If minors are allowed to enter places that are not suitable for minors' activities, such as Internet service business premises, or no sign prohibiting minors from entering is set in a prominent position, the competent department shall order them to make corrections and impose administrative penalties according to law. Article 67 Whoever sells alcohol and tobacco to minors or fails to set up a sign prohibiting the sale of alcohol and tobacco to minors in a prominent position shall be ordered by the competent department to make corrections and be given administrative punishment according to law. Recruiting minors who have reached the age of 16 to engage in heavy, toxic and harmful labor or dangerous operations that endanger the physical and mental health of minors, the labor and social security department shall order them to make corrections and impose a fine; If the circumstances are serious, the business license shall be revoked by the administrative department for industry and commerce. Sixty-ninth violation of minors' privacy constitutes a violation of public security management, and the public security organ shall give administrative punishment according to law. Article 70 A minor rescue agency, a child welfare agency and their staff members fail to perform their duties of rescuing and protecting minors or maltreat minors according to law. In the process of caring for minors, those who discriminate against minors or seek benefits shall be ordered by the competent department to make corrections and be given administrative sanctions according to law. Article 71 Whoever coerces, deceives, uses minors to beg or organizes minors to engage in activities harmful to their physical and mental health shall be given administrative punishment by the public security organs according to law. Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions Article 72 This Law shall come into force as of June 6, 2007. First, the implementation of the law on the protection of minors is an inevitable requirement for building a harmonious socialist society. The protection of minors is a popular project concerning the interests of hundreds of millions of families. The implementation of this law is conducive to promoting family happiness and social stability and consolidating the social foundation of building a harmonious society. Conducive to improving people's sense of responsibility and participation; It is conducive to training qualified builders and successors in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and ensuring the prosperity of the party and the country. Secondly, the implementation of the law on the protection of minors is a powerful guarantee to promote the healthy growth of the majority of minors. The Law on the Protection of Minors recognizes the various interests of minors as legal rights. Implementing this law well can promote governments at all levels to fulfill their due responsibilities and use state power and public resources to realize the legitimate rights and interests of minors. Can establish the legal subject status of minors and promote the understanding and respect of minors' rights from all walks of life; It can mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties and create better material and cultural conditions and social environment for the healthy growth of minors. Third, the protection of minors is an important step to promote the process of socialist democracy and legal system. The protection of minors is the core of China's laws and regulations on minors, and it is also an important part of China's human rights protection law. Implementing this law well can promote the perfection of supporting laws and local regulations and further improve the socialist legal system. We can better implement the constitutional principle of respecting and protecting human rights, deepen the legislation of human rights protection and realize social fairness and justice; We can better implement the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and other international conventions to which China has acceded, and promote the development and progress in the field of international human rights law.