What are the scoring rules and terms of figure skating?

Single-player technique-jump, spin, step/spiral sequence) \ r \ n \ r \ Double-player technique-lift, throw, twist, death spiral, single-player synchronous rotation/double-player. R \ nGood dance skills-lift, footwork \ r \ laying a foundation-using EdgeQuality, bending knees, free legs, sliding speed, etc. \ r \ n \ r \ You said 4T30. Axel is the hardest, toeloop is the simplest. \ r \ n \ r \ Method of distinguishing jumps \r\n 1.axle is easy to distinguish, and it is the only jump that takes off forward among the six jumps. \r\n2.salchow takes off with his feet in a figure of eight \r\n3.loop takes off with his feet crossed \r\n4toeloop takes off and slides backwards, then his left foot freezes \r\n5.flip slides forward, and then his right foot freezes \r\n6.lutz slides backwards when he takes off, and his right foot is ready to take off with some ice \. \ r \ nA Three-week or four-week individual jumps that are not repeated in joint jumps and continuous jumps will be regarded as joint jumps with no work completed and will be counted as joint jumps with only one jump. If three combined jumps or continuous jumps have been made, the repeated single jumps in the future can be regarded as additional actions and will not be considered. No \ r \ Three-week or four-week jumps can be tried more than twice. \ r \ n \ r \ nI Scoring Rules of Figure Skating. Basic principles of calculation \r\n\r\n 1. Each action has a basic value, which is marked in the scoring table. \r\n\r\n2。 Each referee gives each action a score (GOE) according to seven grades, and each grade has corresponding addition and subtraction points, which are also marked in the scoring table. \r\n\r\n3. The execution score (GOE) of the referee group is determined by calculating the revised average of the execution scores of nine scoring referees. \r\n\r\n4。 Revised calculation method of average score: remove the highest score and the lowest score, and calculate the average score of the other seven referees. \r\n\r\n5。 This average score is the final execution score of a single action. The execution score of the referee group is accurate to two decimal places. \r\n\r\n6。 Add the average execution score of this action to its basic stage to get the total score (technical score) of this action. \r\n\r\n7。 Joint jumps should be scored as an action unit. The basic score of two jumps plus the execution of the most difficult jump is divided into the final score of the action unit. \r\n\r\n8。 Continuous jumping should be scored as an action unit. The two cardinal numbers that are the most difficult to jump are added, multiplied by the coefficient of 0.8, plus the execution score that is the most difficult to jump. \r\n\r\n9。 Add up the scores given to all the movements by the judging panel. \r\n\r\n 10, any extra movements beyond the specified number will not be counted in the athletes' performance. An action can only be counted as a result if it is tried for the first time (or within a specified number of times). \r\n\r\n 1 1。 Innovative behavior or cohesion can get a special 2 points reward. There can only be one such reward in a program. \r\n\r\n 12。 The reward points (if any) will be added to the sum of the scores of all the actions of the judges to get the total technical points. \r\n\r\n 13。 The basic scores of all jumps completed in the second half of the single skating program will be multiplied by the coefficient 1. 1 to reflect the balanced distribution of difficult movements in the program. \r\n\r\n 14。 Each referee also graded the content of the program, with scores ranging from 0.25 to 10, with an added value of 0.25 each time. \r\n\r\n 15。 The evaluation of each program content by the jury is obtained by calculating the revised average score of 9 evaluation judges. Calculate the revised average score according to the method specified in Article 4 above. \r\n\r\n 16, and then the judges' scores for each program content are multiplied by the following factors (teenagers and adults are the same): \r\n\r\nMen's singles: short program: 1.0 free skate: 2.0 \ r \ n \ r \. \r\n\r\n 17。 Anyone who violates the following provisions will be punished in the following ways. \r\n\r\n● Time violation-1.0 points will be deducted every 5 seconds. \r\n\r\n● Music violation -65438+ 0.0 points for using vocal music \ r \ n \ r ● No action violation-2.0 points for each violation \r\n\r\n● Clothing and props deduction- If the program is interrupted for more than 10 seconds, extra points will be deducted: 1 1-20 seconds, 1.0 minutes, 2 1-30 seconds, and so on. \ r \ n \ r \ This article explains-the definition of falling: the athlete loses control, causing his skates to leave the ice, and the athlete's body is frozen (even for a short time). \r\n\r\n 18。 If the number of judges in the judging group is less than 9, five judges will be randomly selected as scoring judges. \r\n\r\nSecondly, the results of each part of the competition determine \r\n\r\n 1. The total program score of each player in each part of the competition (short program and free skating) is calculated by adding the total technical score and the program content, MINUS any program penalty points. \r\n\r\n2。 The athlete with the highest total score in the program ranks first, the second athlete ranks second, and so on. \r\n\r\n3. If two or more players score the same, the player with the highest technical total score ranks first in the short program; In free skating, the program content with high score ranks first; If the total score of technology and the score of program content are the same, the scores of players are tied. \ r \ n \ r \ nIII。 The determination of comprehensive score and total score \r\n\r\n 1, the total score of short program and the total score of free skating add up to get the final score of an athlete in the competition, and the athlete with the highest final score wins the first place. \r\n\r\n2。 In the freestyle skating qualifying tournament of the International Skating Federation Championship, the total score of freestyle skating events will be multiplied by the corresponding coefficient of 0.25, and then added to the total score (after the short program and the final freestyle skating). \r\n\r\n3. If there is a tie at any stage, the program with the highest score will be ranked first. \r\n\r\n4。 If there is still a draw in this section (the last completed program), the final ranking will be determined by the ranking in the last completed program. If there is no previous program, then the results of the relevant athletes are tied. \ r \ n \ r \ nFigure skating clothes require \ r \ n \ r \ nFigure skating shoes should be neat and tidy, and shoelaces should be tied. \ r \ n \ r \ Figure skating clothes, skirts, trousers or turtlenecks that simply fit should be neat and beautiful. \ r \ n \ r \ n nThin underwear or tight clothes and underwear should not be exposed. \ r \ n \ r \ Loose jewelry (such as loose necklaces and bracelets) should not be worn. \ r \ n \ r \ Props (such as hats, crutches, etc. ) cannot be used for single skating and double skating. Ice dance choreography can use props. \ r \ n \ r \ nIn 2004, the International Skating Federation responded to the referee dispute of the 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City by abolishing the 6.0 system and replacing it with the International Referee System (IJS). In 2006, all international competitions, including the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, were required to use this referee system. The new system is usually called CodeofPoints(CoP), although officials of International Space University have never used this term. In the new competition system, each technical action element of figure skating will be scored separately, and the sum of these scores is the total technical score (TES). Each competition is limited to a fixed number of technical action elements. Every technical action must be judged by technical experts first. Technical experts can distinguish different technical action elements through real-time video playback, such as the exact position of feet when taking off and the falling ice during jumping. The decision of technical experts will determine the basic value of the action. Then, the 12 judges of the judging group scored the quality and execution of this action respectively. This score is called gradeofexecution (abbreviated as GOE) and is an integer between -3 and +3. The score of GOE will be converted to another value according to the score table in ISU rule 322. Then, the computer will randomly select 9 referees from 12 GOE scores, then remove the highest and lowest scores, and finally calculate the average score of the remaining 7. This average branch is added to the basic stage, and the total score of this technical action is obtained. Another part of the scoring of competition programs, namely, programcomponentsscore (PCS), is to score the details not covered in TES and the artistic performance of the programs. It includes the following five items: skatingskills (abbreviated as SS), transitions (abbreviated as TR), performance/execution (abbreviated as PE), choreography (abbreviated as CH) and interpretation (abbreviated as IN). Only the prescribed dance of ice dance is an exception, and there is no choreography and connection, because the dance steps are prescribed in advance. The original score given by the judges for each project is 0 to 10, and the unit score is 0.25, where 5 stands for "average level". The score of each project is selected, deleted and averaged like GOE, and then multiplied by a coefficient determined by the project, stage (short program or free skate) and level, and then the score of each project is added up, which is the final PCS score. The sum of TES and PCS is called TSS. The final ranking of the players is determined by the sum of the total scores of each stage of the competition. Seats are no longer used to determine the final ranking. \ r \ n \ r \ nNext \ r \ n \ r \ nThe rotations that the player can choose in the next step include: three turns: the trajectory drawn by the skates on the ice is the shape of the number "3". Parentheses: The trajectory drawn by the skates on the ice is a bracket. Rocker and counter: One-leg rotation not only changes the direction, but also changes the arc. Mohawks: the third lap and the scaffolding step of the biped version. Choctaws: biped versions of the inner hook and the outer hook. Twizzles: slide on one foot and complete multiple rotations. \ r \ n \ r \ nRotation \ r \ n \ r \ nIn most figure skating competitions, rotation is a necessary action element, and all four Olympic events need rotation. Figure skating includes three basic rotation postures: sitting posture rotation, hunchback rotation and upright rotation. From these three postures, many postures can be transformed. When the player spins on one foot, he touches the ice with the skates of one foot, close to the "sole" arc of the cutter teeth. Like jumping, most players rotate counterclockwise, and a few players can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise. Take the counterclockwise player as an example. The rotation of the left foot is called forward rotation and the right foot is called downward rotation. One rotation can be done alone, or several kinds can be done continuously (combined rotation). Jumping rotation is called flying rotation, including flying rotation, flying squat rotation and butterfly rotation. Jumping rotation can be changed from forward rotation to reverse rotation, and can also be used as a part of a set of combined rotation. The rotation of double skating can be that two people complete the same rotation synchronously, or it can be a combination of two people. In addition, double skating and ice dancing also include double rotation and dance rotation, that is, two players hold each other and rotate around the same axis.