How to evaluate idealism philosophy objectively and rationally

Idealism is one of the two basic schools of philosophy and an ideological system opposite to materialism.

It wrongly answers the question of who is primary and who is secondary between consciousness and matter, that is, between thinking and existence. Idealism holds that consciousness is the first and matter is the second. Consciousness is the origin of the world, there is consciousness first, then there is matter, and consciousness determines matter.

It fundamentally reverses the real relationship between matter and consciousness. There are two basic forms of idealism: subjective idealism and objective idealism. Subjective idealism regards subjective spirit as the only real existence and the source of the world, and objective things and even the whole material world are the products of this subjective spirit. Its absurdity lies in that it inevitably leads to solipsism.

The absurdity of objective idealism turns a spirit divorced from any individual into an independent existence and regards it as the source of the world (such as reason, idea, universal spirit, absolute concept, etc.). ) lies in the philosophical recognition of "religious creationism".

The epistemological root of idealism lies not only in social roots, but also in the separation of subjectivity and objectivity, knowledge and practice, and the extreme exaggeration of the dynamic role of consciousness. In class society, idealism is usually the world outlook of the reactionary class and conservative forces, and it is a tool for the reactionary class to safeguard class interests and enslave working people spiritually.

Extended data:

The long-term existence and development of idealism has profound epistemological roots. People's understanding is a cyclic process from perceptual to rational, from individual to general. Feeling, concept, individual, general and so on are all aspects or fragments of the cognitive process, that is, "an ingredient of cognition"

If we develop a certain component unilaterally and exaggeratedly, isolate this fragment and part, expand it into a whole, and make it an absolute thing divorced from nature, it will become idealism.

One-sided exaggeration of the feeling and experience factors in the process of cognition, treating them as independent of matter and primitive, will lead to subjective idealism; One-sided exaggeration of concepts and rational factors in the process of cognition, which is regarded as independent of matter and primacy, will lead to objective idealism.

Lenin pointed out: "Linearity and one-sidedness, rigidity and rigidity, subjectivism and subjective blindness are the roots of idealistic epistemology." This will inevitably lead to idealism can not correctly understand the objective world, just "a flower without fruit" (Lenin). Calling it "fruitless" means that it can't accurately reflect the face of things themselves and has nothing to say.

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