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Rabindranath Tagore is an Indian poet, philosopher and Indian nationalist. 19/kloc-won Nobel Prize in Literature in 0/3, and was the first Asian to win Nobel Prize in Literature.

Tagore was born in a well-educated and wealthy family in Kolkata, India, and his father was a local Hindu religious leader. In foreign countries, Tagore is generally regarded as a poet, but rarely regarded as a philosopher, but in India, the two are often the same. His poems contain profound religious and philosophical views. For Tagore, his poems are a gift to God, and he himself is a pursuer of God. His poems enjoy an epic status in India.

In addition to poetry, Tagore wrote novels, essays, travel notes, plays and more than 2,000 songs. His poems are mainly written in Bengali and are very popular in Bengali.

The content of his prose is mainly about society, politics and education. Apart from religious content, his poems mainly describe nature and life. In Tagore's poems, life itself and its diversity are the reasons for joy. At the same time, his love (including patriotism) is also one of his poems.

Tagore's poems are used in the national anthems of India and Bangladesh. Villefort Owen and William Butler Yeats were deeply moved by his poems. Encouraged by Ye Zhi, Tagore personally translated his Hungry Stone into English, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 6438.

Tagore supported the Indian independence movement in the early days, but later he alienated the Indian independence movement. In order to protest against the 19 19 Zalenwala Garden tragedy, he refused the knighthood conferred by the king of England, and he was also the first person to refuse the honor conferred by the king of England.

He opposed the education system established by Britain in India, and opposed this "artificial", completely obedient, dead-endorsed and out of touch with nature. Therefore, he established a school designed according to his idea in his hometown, which is the predecessor of Vishwa-bharathi University.

In his poems, Tagore also expressed his despair and sorrow for the war, but his hope for peace had no political factors. He hopes that all people can live in a perfect and peaceful world.

Tagore traveled many times, which made him understand many different cultures and the differences between them. His description of eastern and western cultures is by far the most delicate of its kind.

Rabindranath Tagore (1861~1941), a famous Indian poet, writer, artist and social activist, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 200913 and was born in a family rich in philosophy, literature and art in Kolkata. /kloc-when he was 0/3 years old, he could still write long poems and ode poems. 1878 went to study in Britain, 1880 returned to China to specialize in literary activities. From 1884 to 19 165438, he served as the secretary of Brahma Institute. An international university was founded in the 1920s. 194 1 year, he wrote his famous last words, Crisis of Civilization, accusing the British colonial rule and believing that the motherland would be liberated independently. Tagore is a writer with great influence in the world. He wrote more than 50 poems and was called "Poet Saint". He wrote 12 novellas and 65438+. More than 20 plays and a large number of works on literature, philosophy and politics, he created more than 65,438+0,500 paintings and countless songs. Literature, history, philosophy, art, politics and economy are almost all-encompassing. His works reflect the strong desire of the Indian people to change their destiny under the oppression of imperialism and feudal caste system, and describe their indomitable resistance struggle. At the same time, it is rich in national style and characteristics, has high artistic value and is deeply loved by the people. His important poems include poems, story poems (1900), Gitanjali (19 10) and crescent moon collection (19 13). Important novels include the short stories Paying off the Debt (189 1), Abandoned (1893), Suba (1893) and Is Man Life or Death? (1892), Maha Moya (1892), the sun and dark clouds (1894), the novella Four Men (19 16) and the novel Sinking. Mokdotara's important essays include Death Trade (188 1), China Talk (1924) and Russian Letters (193 1). His works can be traced back to 1965438+.

On May 7th, Rabindranath Tagore was born into a wealthy aristocratic family in Kolkata, India. His father Debinart Tagore was a famous philosopher and social activist. His brother and sister are also celebrities. Influenced by such a literary family, Tagore began to write poems at the age of 8, and began to write plays at the age of 12. /kloc-published the first long poem "Wild Flowers" at the age of 0/5, and published the narrative poem "The Poet's Story" at the age of 0/7. Tagore, a talented young man, embarked on the road of literary creation. 1986, he published The Moon Collection, which became a compulsory literature textbook for Indian schools and universities. During this period, he also wrote many political articles attacking American colonial rule.

190 1 year, Tagore founded a school engaged in children's education experiments in San Niktan. In 19 12, the school developed into an international university for Asian cultural exchange.

1905 Tagore devoted himself to the national independence movement and composed patriotic songs such as Flood. The will of the people is set as the national anthem of India today. In 2000, Tagore published the novel Gora, and in 2006, he published another novel. Enthusiastically praised the patriotic spirit of striving for national independence. In 2002, Tagore won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his lyric poem "Jitang Jiali". In 2003, he published the famous poetry collection Birds and Gardeners.

1924 visited China. After Tagore returned to China, he wrote many articles, expressing his friendly feelings towards the people of China.

Tagore's life was spent in the era when India was colonized by Britain. The decline of the motherland, the humiliation of the nation and the miserable life of the colonial people are deeply imprinted in Tagore's heart, and the patriotic thought has been strongly expressed in his works from the beginning. Although he was born in a wealthy family and lived in a complicated society, his love and hatred were clear and his creative thinking was clear. He always keeps pace with the times. At the height of the national independence movement, he wrote to the British Governor to protest against colonial rule and led demonstrations by singing his patriotic poems. He also resolutely gave up the titles and privileges granted by the British government. Indian people respect and love him, calling him a poet, India's conscience and India's soul.

Tagore was not a narrow-minded patriot. He always showed deep sympathy and gave strong support to the people of all countries who suffered from imperialist aggression and oppression. In the 1920s, Tagore visited many countries and organized an anti-war peace group with cultural celebrities from all over the world. In 1930s, when Germany, Italy and Japan launched wars of aggression, Tagore took an angry stance and shouted to the world: "Before I leave, I appeal to every family-to be ready to fight the beast in human skin." In this way, until Tagore died in Kolkata on August 7, 194 1, he fought until the last moment of his life.

This world-famous versatile writer has written more than 50 poems, 12 novellas, 100 short stories, more than 200 plays and many papers on literature, philosophy and politics, as well as memoirs, travel notes and letters. In his long creative career of more than 60 years, * * * wrote a famous poem published in 192 1 year. Tagore won the Nobel Prize in Literature. Story Poetry and Two Mu of Land are immortal poems which are loved and widely read by Indian people. The popular Kabul Man, Suba and Maya are masterpieces of the world's short stories. Atonement, Stubborn Fortress and Red Oleander all went at that time.

Tagore is not only an accomplished writer and poet but also an accomplished composer and painter. He composed more than 2000 exciting and beautiful songs in his life. Among them, many passionate patriotic songs he wrote during the upsurge of Indian national liberation movement became powerful weapons to inspire Indian people to resist colonial rule. The song "The Will of the People" won the prize in 1950.

194 1 year, Tagore died at the age of 8 1 year.

Tagore (1861~1941)

Rabindranath Tagore

Indian poets, writers, artists and social activists are influential figures who introduced Indian culture to the west and introduced western culture to India.

He was born in Calcutta, West Bengal on May 7th and died in the same place on August 7th. His family belongs to a businessman and landlord, belonging to the Brahmin caste. His grandfather Deval Gernert Tagore and his father Dai Bandera Nat Tagore were both social activists and supported social reform. Tagore studied at Oriental College and Normal University. However, he didn't finish his formal study. His knowledge comes from the advice of his father, brother and mentor and his own efforts. He began to write poetry at the age of 65,438+03, and published a patriotic poem "Temple Fair for Hindus" at the age of 65,438+04. Following his father's wishes, he went to study in Britain, first studying law, and then transferred to London University to study English literature and western music. Specializing in literary creation. 1884, he left the city to manage his ancestral land. 190 1 year, he founded a school in Santiktan near Polpur, Bangladesh. 192 1 year, this school developed into an international university for the exchange of Asian culture. After the national liberation movement, the people of Bangladesh and all India opposed the decision to split Bangladesh and formed a vigorous anti-imperialist patriotic movement. 1900 1。 1900 10000005 Tagore went to Kolkata to participate in this movement and wrote a lot of patriotic poems with indignation. However, he soon disagreed with other leaders of the movement. He disapproved of the "direct action" of the masses to burn British goods and insult the British, but advocated doing more "constructive" work. For example, go to the countryside to develop industry and eliminate poverty and ignorance. 1907, he quit the movement and returned to the holy land of Nikitan, living in seclusion and burying himself in creation. 19 13 was influenced by the English version of Gitanjaly (Ode to Sacrifice, 1965438). Since then, he has become famous in the world literary world. He was awarded a doctorate by Calcutta University. The British government conferred a title on him. After the outbreak of World War I, he traveled across the ocean 10 many times and visited dozens of countries and regions to spread peace and friendship and engage in cultural exchanges. In 2009, the Amritsar tragedy occurred, and the British army shot and killed 1000 people. In protest. 1930, he visited the Soviet Union and wrote Russian Letters. He condemned the Italian fascist invasion of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and supported the Spanish government against fascist leader Franco. After the outbreak of World War II, he wrote an article condemning Hitler's unjust behavior. He has always cared about world politics and people's destiny and supported the just cause of mankind.

create

In nearly 70 years of creative activities, Tagore has created more than 50 poems, 65,438+02 novellas, 65,438+000 short stories, more than 20 plays, a large number of literary, philosophical and political works, and more than 65,438+0500 paintings and more than 2,000 songs, including 65,000.

/kloc-After 0/3 years old, Tagore published his long poems "Wild Flowers" and "The Poet's Story". From 188 1 to 1885, he published lyric poetry collections such as Sunset Song, Morning Song, Painting and Song, as well as plays and novels. It marks that he has entered a period of facing life and real life on the road of creation. Yearning in the Heart is his first mature work, and his unique style began to take shape. During this period, he also wrote plays "King and Queen" and "Sacrifice", opposing the restoration of the privileges and backward customs of Brahman priests. The 1990s was the heyday of Tagore's creation. From 1998 to 1998, Tagore's works began to take shape. He published more than 60 short stories such as "Maya" in satana magazine, which was edited by himself, mainly to oppose feudal oppression and expose unreasonable phenomena in real life. He published five collections of lyric poems, namely, Golden Sailboat, Colorful Collection, Harvest Collection, Dream Collection and Moment Collection. There are 1 philosophical short poem "Wei Siqi" and 1 story poem. The narrative poem "Two acres of land" included in "Colorful Collection" is the highest expression of the author's democratic thought. Starting with "Time Collection", he began to write poems in Bengali dialect. Most of the poems in his second English-translated collection of poems, The Gardener's Collection, were selected from this period.

Tagore suffered personal misfortune at the beginning of the 20th century. The grief and sadness of losing his wife, daughter and father are truly recorded in his poetry collection Memories, Children and Ferry. He also wrote two novels, Little Sand and Shipwreck, and the novel Gora was published on +09 10. Praise the patriotic enthusiasm of new Hindus and their confidence in the freedom of the motherland, but also criticize their thoughts of maintaining the old tradition; During this period, he also created symbolic dramas "The King" and "Post Office" and satirical drama "Stubborn Fortress". 19 10 published a collection of Bengali poems. Later, when Tagore lived in London, he put together the names of Chittaglia, Ferry and. With the publication of the English version of 19 13, Tagore became the first Asian writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. He entered another creative climax, publishing poetry anthology "Song Garland", "Ode", "White Crane" and "Escape", novella "Four People" and "Family and the World". Drama "Wheels of the Times" and "Kingdom of Cards"; Poetry once again, and political lyric poem Li Buddha. In April this year, he wrote his last words, the famous Crisis of Civilization, accusing the British colonial rule and expressing his firm belief in national independence. 39906。 0999999999 1

Chinese Translation of Tagore's Works

Ideological development and artistic achievements Tagore was born in a rapidly changing era and was influenced by traditional Indian philosophy and western philosophy. However, the most basic and core part of his world outlook is the traditional Indian pantheism, that is, "Brahman and I are one". In Colorful Collection, he first put forward the concept of "God of Life". His devotion to God is combined with his love for life, country and people. However, this also casts a strong mystery on his poems. In addition, he advocated the spiritual civilization of the East, but did not obliterate the material civilization of the West. All these make his thoughts full of contradictions and manifest in his creation. Throughout Tagore's life thought and creative development, it can be roughly divided into three stages: ① From childhood to around 19 10, he actively participated in anti-British political activities, praised national heroes, preached patriotism and advocated great national unity in India; ② He lived in seclusion to 19 19, once again actively participated in the national movement, and his patriotic enthusiasm was slightly reduced, and poems with strong political content were replaced by poems with mysterious meanings. Influenced by western symbolism and aestheticism poetry, he preached love and harmony. ③ From the 19 19 Amritsar tragedy until his death, he began to care about politics and actively participated in the national liberation struggle. His works are full of political passion, broad vision and great concern for the world and mankind. It can be said that Tagore's life-long works, including Compassion of the Bodhisattva and Compassion of the Bodhisattva, are influenced by western novels, and his novels are innovative, especially poetic and picturesque, forming a unique style.

Tagore and Tagore of China have always emphasized the necessity of unity, friendship and cooperation between Indian and China people. In +088 1, he wrote Trade in Death, denouncing the crime of Britain dumping opium to China and poisoning the people of China. In 1998, he gave a speech in Japan, criticizing Japanese militarism's aggression against China. As soon as he returned to China, he published A Talk in China. 1937, after Japanese imperialism launched its war of aggression against China, he published many open letters, talks and poems, condemning Japanese imperialism and sympathizing with and supporting the just struggle of the people of China. The early works of China writers such as Guo Moruo, Zheng Zhenduo, Bing Xin and Xu Zhimo, most of his works were influenced by him. His works were introduced to China as early as 19 15. For decades, many of his works have been translated and commented in Chinese. To commemorate his centenary birthday, People's Literature Publishing House published 10 volumes of Tagore's works.

Robin Delanat? Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), a Bangladeshi poet, writer, artist and social activist, was born in Kolkata, a well-educated family, and his father was a famous religious reformer and social activist. His six brothers also devoted themselves to social reform and the Renaissance. Tagore hated formal school education since he was a child, and spent his youth by family education and hard self-study. He went to England to study law from 65438 to 0878, and then transferred to London University to study English literature and western music.

Tagore showed his talent in his childhood. His patriotic poem Temple Fair of Hindus (1875) was published at the age of 14. 1880 years old, Tagore became a professional writer 18 1 to 65438 years old.

The 1990s was the heyday of Tagore's creation. The poem "Yearning in the Heart" (1890) was his first mature work, and the famous poem "Two Mu of Land" (1894) was published. Tagore's poems in this period include Golden Sailboat (1894), Colorful Collection (1896), The Fifth Collection of Lyrics and A Collection of Story Poems (1900). In addition, he has written more than 60 short stories. (1892), etc. are included in the world's outstanding short stories.

190 1 year, Tagore founded a school to transform society and engaged in children's education experiments. 19 12 years, the school became an international university for cultural exchange in Asia. Due to the British separatist policy in Bangladesh, India set off the first climax of the national liberation movement in 1905. Tagore took an active part in this movement and wrote many patriotic poems. This period is the most brilliant period of his creation. He published eight Bengali poems and eight English poems. Among them, Gitanjali won a worldwide reputation for the poet. Other important poetry collections in this period include Gardeners Collection (19 13), Crescent Moon Collection (19 15) and Birds Collection (19 16).

19 19, India set off the second national liberation movement. In order to seek the road of national liberation, he traveled all over five continents and delivered many famous speeches. The outstanding achievements in this period were political lyric poems, which were included in Africa Collection (1937) and Marginal Collection (1938) respectively.

Tagore wrote more than 50 poems, 65,438+02 novels, 65,438+000 short stories, more than 20 plays, and a large number of literary, philosophical and political works, as well as travel notes and letters. In addition, he is a musician and painter with profound attainments, and has created more than 2,000 songs and 65,438 works.

In his artistic career of more than 60 years, he inherited the excellent traditions of classicism and folk literature, absorbed the rich nutrition of European romanticism and realism literature, achieved perfection in his creation, made brilliant achievements, and became a generation of cultural giants. In 2003, "because of his sensitive, fresh and beautiful poems; This poem was written with superb skills and expressed in English by himself, which made his poetic thoughts a part of western literature. "He was knighted by the British government in the Nobel Prize in Literature.

194 1 In April, this prodigy, the founder of modern Indian literature, wrote his last words, The Crisis of Civilization. On August 7th of the same year, Tagore died in his ancestral home in Kolkata.

magnum opus

Poems: Poems of Twilight, Morning Song, Yearning in My Heart, Two Mu of Land, Golden Sailboat, Colorful Collection, Poems of Stories, Suba, Moye Moye, Alive or Dead? "and so on.