A summary of high school English grammar knowledge points

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Important knowledge points of high school English grammar: indefinite articles

The indefinite articles a, an and one have the same origin, expressing the weak concept of one, but not emphasizing the number, and are used to express uncertain people or things.

A is used before consonants, not before consonant letters; an is used before vowels, not before vowel letters.

a university in Asia

1. Indicates any one of the same kind

A cat has nine lives.

2. Indicates general Refers to someone or something

I know a John Lennon, but not the famous one.

3. Expressing quantity

He has a daughter.

4. Represents each unit quantity

I earn 10 dollars an hour.

5. Represents the same

The two birds are of a color.

6. Used before collective nouns

He grows up in a large family.

7. Used in certain situations Before abstract nouns and material nouns

China has a long history.

Summary of high school English grammar knowledge points: Usage of definite article

1. Expression Specific people or things

2. Represents unique things on the earth and the universe

Mainly refers to various celestial bodies and more influential objects in the world. The sun, the moon, the earth

3. Expressing location, direction, time, method, etc. at the corner

1) Prefix is ??often not used before nouns expressing seasons word. In spring

2) To specify a certain season in a certain year, the article needs to be used. In the summer of the year2008

3) Used before the superlative of ordinal words or adjectives the first the second

4) Used before adjectives to nominalize the rich the poor

5) Used before plural surnames to mean "couple" or the whole family The Smiths

6) Used before musical instrument nouns "Play the piano"

7) Used By + the + unit of measurement noun By the pound

1. Used before plural nouns

When a plural noun refers to a certain type of person or thing, a zero article is usually used before it. Students should obey the school rules. Students should obey the school rules. If a plural noun needs to be specified, the definite article must be added. The students are too lazy. These students are too lazy.

2. Used before uncountable nouns

When an uncountable noun expresses a general reference, it is usually preceded by a zero article.

For example: Bread is made from flour. Bread is made from flour.

Wood is a poor conductor of sound. If an uncountable noun needs to be specified, a definite article must be added.

He sawed the wood into three pieces. He sawed the wood into three pieces.

3. Used before proper nouns

Under normal circumstances, zero articles should be used before proper nouns. Such as:

Mr Smith is our English teaches us English. Mr Smith teaches us English. In special cases, if a proper noun needs to be specifically referred to, the definite article can also be added. For example: The Smith you're looking for no longer lives here.

4. Used before countable nouns for abstraction

Some countable nouns express activities after abstraction , usually preceded by zero article. Jim has gone to bed. Jim has gone to bed.

She goes to church every Sunday. She goes to church every Sunday.

This category mainly involves bed, church, class, college, school, university, work, hospital, prison, market, sea, town, etc. In addition, whether or not to use an article before such nouns is sometimes related to the expression habits of British and American English. For example: "hospital" is usually said to be in hospital in British English, while in American English it is usually said to be in the hospital; similarly, go to university (UK) go to university / go to the university (US) go to university ; at table (English) eating / at the table (American) eating.

5. Used before positions and titles

When nouns expressing positions and titles are used as predicates, complements and appositives, they are usually preceded by zero articles. For example: Wilson became President of the U. S. A. Wilson became President of the United States. He will be made captain of the football team.

6. Zero articles are usually used before nouns expressing subjects, languages, meals, months, seasons, holidays, weeks, etc.

We are all interested in physics.

7. Used in some fixed structures

go to sea go to sea to be a sailor at home at home at night at least at least

at most at most first first at last last in bed in bed

on foot walking face to face face to face

Summary of high school English grammar knowledge points: pronouns

Pronouns in the college entrance examination The examination mainly focuses on personal pronouns (mainly it), relative pronouns, demonstrative pronouns and indefinite pronouns.

1. How to use it?

1. As a personal pronoun

John likes playing Ping pong./ He always does it in the afternoon. (referring to things mentioned in the context); /It's time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home? / It is getting warmer and warmer./ It's very quiet at the moment. (can refer to time, weather, environment, etc. ) 2. Guide words

A. Serve as a formal subject, replacing the real subject represented by an infinitive, gerund or clause.

It's important for us to learn a second language./ It's no use talking to him./ It's known to all that the earth goes round the sun.

B. As a formal object , in place of the real object expressed by an infinitive, gerund, or clause.

We feel it our duty to help others./ He made it clear that he would leave the city. C. Emphasis structure: It is (was) + the emphasized part + that (or who)… < /p>

Note: In an emphatic structure, if the emphasized part is an adverbial of time or place, the following connective must not be when or where, instead use that. When reviewing, be sure to pay attention to the differences in sentence structure. It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that causes emphasis) It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where causes concentration)

It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there.( when causes an adverbial clause of time) It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there. (that causes an emphatic sentence)

3. The difference between it, one, and that: as pronouns, the contrast between these three words Use is one of the hot spots in the college entrance examination. —Why don't we take a little break? —Didn't we just have __________? A.it B.that C.one D.this

The Parkers bought a new house but _________will need a lot of work before they can move in. A.they B.it C.one D.which

one is used to refer to any one of the same kind of things, that is highly specific and refers to countable and It is an uncountable word, and it refers to the same thing mentioned above.

2. Relative pronouns

who, whose, whom, which, that, as

1) which can introduce a non-limiting attributive clause, representing the entire preceding The content of the sentence, and as the subject in the clause 2) Usage of that 1) When not using that

a) When introducing a non-limiting attributive clause. b) Cannot be used after a preposition.

We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) You can only use that as an attributive clause Relative pronouns: a) In there be sentences, only that is used, not which.

b) When indefinite pronouns such as: anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little, etc. are used as antecedents, only use that instead of which.

c) The antecedent is the only. When modifying the very, only that is used. d) When the antecedent is an ordinal number, numeral, or superlative of an adjective, only that is used. . e) The antecedent contains both person and thing.

Example:

All that is needed is a supply of oil. All that is needed is a supply of oil.

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

3) Usage of as

AS is used as a relative pronoun to guide attributive clauses: restrictive attributive clauses and restrictive attributive clauses 1. AS guides restrictive attributive clauses< /p>

When AS introduces restrictive attributive clauses, it is usually used with such, the same, as (so), etc. to form such...as/such as, the same...as/the same as, as Structures such as (so)...as can be used as subjects, objects and predicates in clauses.

1.such...as/such as means "that kind of..., like that", such...as/such as when introducing restrictive attributive clauses, It can refer to both people and things. When such is used before a noun, it has the nature of an adjective; when such is used alone (that is, not followed by a noun), it has the nature of a pronoun.

Don‘t trust such men as praise you to your face.(as as subject) Don‘t trust such men as praise you to your face.

You should read only such books as you can understand without much difficulty. (as as object) You should read only such books as you can understand without much difficulty. (as as object) You should read only those books that are not too difficult for you to understand.

Associate with such as will improve your manners. (as as subject) Associate with the kind of person who can improve your manners.

2. the same...as/the same as means "the same as...". Like such, the same has both adjective and pronoun properties.

We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have. (as as object) We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have.

Comparison: the same...as is different from the same...that. The former is "similar to that one" and the latter is "exactly that one". Such as:

This is the same watch as I lost. This is the same watch as I lost.

This is the same watch that I lost? This is the same watch that I lost.

3.as(so)...as means "the same as...", followed by nouns modified by many, much, etc. or singular nouns modified by adjectives. Note that the word order is as (so)+adj.+a+n+as, such as: It's as pleasant a film as I have ever seen. It's as pleasant a film as I have ever seen.

As many soldiers as marched were killed. Many soldiers as marched were killed.

Note: The difference between such...as and such...that, so...as and so...that: that is a conjunction, leading to the result adverbial clause, and does not serve as an element in the clause part ;as is a relative pronoun, which introduces an attributive clause and can be used as subject, object and predicate in the clause. Compare: He is such a nice boy that everyone likes him. He is such a nice boy as everyone likes.

It is so difficult a problem that nobody can work it out. It is so difficult a problem as nobody can workout.

3. AS introduces non-restrictive attributive clauses

When AS introduces non-restrictive attributive clauses, it usually refers not to a certain noun (antecedent) in the main clause ), but refers to the content expressed by the entire main clause, with additional explanations for the statement made in the main clause, meaning "this..., such as... or just as...". This clause can be placed before, during or after the main clause.

As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China. Taiwan, as we all know, belongs to China. Taiwan belongs to China, as we all know. Note the following idioms:

as is well discussed

as is often said as is often the case as has been pointed as has been said before as often happens as might be expected as is well known to all

In most cases, the predicate auxiliary verb in the clause can be omitted as explained before as explained before as mentioned above as shown in the figure as seen from the table as already discussed as already discussed

4. Indefinite pronouns

p>

1). Usage of some and any

1. Some is used in affirmative sentences and questions expressing suggestions or expectations for a positive answer. When modifying a singular noun, it means someone. For example:

I have some questions about the assignment. (Hope to get a positive answer).

2. Any is used in negative sentences and interrogative sentences to express some. When used in affirmative sentences, it can only be used with singular nouns or uncountable nouns to express anything.

Such as:

The medicine is on sale every where. You can get it at any chemist?s. 2) . The usage of each and every

1. Each emphasizes the individual, indicating two Each of one or more words can serve as subject, object, attributive and appositive in the sentence. For example:

There are trees and flowers at each side of the road.

2. every emphasizes the whole, indicating each of three or more than three, and can only be used as an attributive , you can’t say every of them, you have to say every one of them.

Every student in our class works hard. 3. The usage of no one and none

1. no one means No one, it can only refer to people, not things, and cannot be used with the preposition of. Use the singular form of the predicate verb to answer questions introduced by who. For example: Who is in the classroom? No one.

2. none can refer to both people and things, emphasizing quantity, meaning not at all, not one; the predicate verb can be used in both the singular and the singular. Plural; often used with of, usually referring to none of three or more people or things, answering questions guided by how much and how many. Such as:

They were all tired, but none of them would stop to have a rest. 4. Usage of other, another, others, any other, the other

1. other Indicates a general term, meaning something else or something else. Often used with plural nouns or uncountable nouns. If it is preceded by the, this, some, any, each, every, no, one and an adjective possessive pronoun, it can be followed by a singular noun. For example: I have no other place to go.

2. Another is often used to refer to another one of three or more people, generally referring to the singular number. Can be used alone or followed by a noun. If it is followed by a plural noun, it means again, again, and again. Such as: This cap is too small for me. Show me another (one). We need another three assistants in our shop.

3. others: It is the plural form of other, which refers to other people or things in general, but not all. When referring specifically, add the definite article before it; any determiner and quantifier can be added before it. For example: He has more concern for others than for himself.

4. any other means any other than one, not the other of the two. For example: China is larger than any other country in Asia.

5. the other: Indicates the other of the two. It can be used alone or with a singular noun. For example: No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to the other.

5. The usage of all and both both means both, but all means more than three people or things, then both Indicates two people or things.

Both express a positive meaning, and when used with not, they express partial negation.

6. The usage of neither and either can be used to express two people or things. Neither expresses a negative meaning, meaning (each of the two) neither; while neither expresses a positive meaning, meaning (each of the two) both. They can be used alone or together with the preposition of. For example: Both teams were in hard training; neither willing to lose the game. Do you want tea or coffee? Either. I really don't mind.

How to learn high school English grammar

< p> First of all, you must correct your mentality, don't be impatient, and do your own thing, so that you can calm down and study. To become an English master, you must walk more roads and do more things than others. You should understand the fact that English is a combination of words and grammar, so both words and grammar must be taken into consideration.

Secondly, there are several methods for words. The first is to enhance the frequency of memory. That is to say, memorize a few in the morning and read them again every few hours. In short, in one day The interval between memories should not be too long, otherwise the memories you have worked hard to accumulate will fade over time. Second, you can make up a jingle based on your own understanding, such as "good morning" is a dog touching you... (laughing)... , Third, the most important thing is, when memorizing words, don’t forget to read. While memorizing words, read the article, so that you can connect the isolated words together, and the memory effect will be doubled. Fourth.

I suggest that you memorize words by categories and form a meaning group. For example, magnitude magnificence is used to express importance, which means exceedingly, tremendously, extremely... Do this when you write. It is very beneficial. When writing, don't write all low-level vocabulary. You should write high-level vocabulary. For example, write "magnitude" for importance, "a multitude of" or "handsome" for many.

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