Segmentation of an article when writing a composition

1. How to divide the composition into various ancient books in China? Most of them are not divided into chapters, which is quite difficult to read. Later people made some efforts to punctuate them and divide them into paragraphs. Sub-composition has many advantages, which can make the meaning of the text clearer and not misleading; At the same time, after the paragraphs are clear, the levels will be more orderly. Since paragraphs are so important, the child must divide paragraphs when writing. When dividing paragraphs, we should grasp the following principles: (1) paragraphs should be connected with each other and become an organic whole. Just like a bamboo knot, a section should never be interrupted. (2) Each paragraph should have a central idea and be complete and independent. As long as a central idea is fully expressed, it can be a paragraph of its own. (4) Each paragraph has only one central idea and cannot contain too much meaning. If it is irrelevant or inconsistent with the central idea, you'd better write another paragraph. (5) In order to make the paragraph statement more clear, easy to understand and eye-catching, sometimes the "dialogue" in the composition can be a paragraph of your own. This situation is most common in stories and novels.

2. How to segment the composition and how to segment the composition? Write a paragraph? Segmentation refers to dividing an article into relatively complete units in meaning and relatively independent units in the article.

Segmentation is helpful to clarify the hierarchical structure of the article, understand the author's ideas, deepen the understanding of the content of the article, and also contribute to the development of logical thinking ability. Common paragraph division methods are: 1. Merging method.

First, summarize the main content of each natural segment, then identify the relationship between natural segments, and then merge multiple natural segments that explain the same content into structural segments. Second, the three-stage alternating method.

Every text has a beginning, a middle and an end, and then we can make some changes on this basis. Third, the key breakthrough method.

Summarize the key content of the full text in one sentence, then find out the starting and ending points of this key event or key issue, determine the key paragraphs, and finally look at what the key paragraphs say before and after, and then consider how to segment the full text. Fourth, sign recognition method.

In articles with vertical structure, words and phrases that indicate the passage of time, the change of place and the haunting of people are often signs of segmentation, while in articles with horizontal structure, this sign is often manifested as a general sentence at the beginning or a summary sentence at the end of some paragraphs. Grasping these signs can smoothly segment.

How to divide a composition? Write a paragraph? At the beginning, I learned to divide the text paragraphs and train step by step on the basis of understanding the text content (that is, understanding the language). First, explain the paragraph meaning of the text. According to the meaning of these paragraphs, compare yourself with the text to see which paragraph or paragraphs mean this, and then draw them.

There are several natural paragraphs in the full text, which one or several natural paragraphs are closely related, and they are all described or described around which natural paragraph. In this way, on the basis of understanding the text, after the teacher's teaching and guidance, even if students start to divide the text paragraphs, they can naturally divide them, and initially understand the method of dividing them according to the order of things.

1.？ In the order of things. 2.？ Change the order according to the position (space, place).

3.？ In chronological order. 4.？ Classify and subdivide things according to their nature.

5.？ According to the total score relationship. Some text segmentation methods are unfamiliar to everyone, so it is really difficult and impossible to distinguish them at once.

We can divide into sections first, tell the students the results first, and then everyone will talk about the reasons for the division (that is, the basis for the division) and know why. For example, if you reread the text and think deeply, it is not difficult to know that the first natural paragraph always writes the impression of the Summer Palace and can be divided into paragraphs independently; The second natural section is all the scenery of the promenade and should be its own section; The third and fourth paragraphs say that the scenery under Wanshou Mountain should be merged into one section. The fifth paragraph says that all kinds of scenery on Kunming Lake should be divided into sections independently. The sixth natural paragraph echoes the first natural paragraph. The Summer Palace is a beautiful place and should be an independent part.

Then tell me in what order the whole text is organized. It is not difficult to understand that the full text is based on the order of the author's visit, according to the change of location (location): promenade → Wanshou Mountain → Kunming Lake, to organize materials and arrange paragraphs.

Explain the reason of segmentation step by step, find out the ins and outs of segmentation, so as to know both what it is and why, and master this segmentation method through place (position) transformation. There are generally five ways to segment articles: according to the sequence of events (cause, process and result), according to the change of time (finding time words), according to the transfer of place (finding words that change place), according to the category of things, and according to the structure of articles (total score, blank lines, subtitle).

This is more detailed and operable. Knowing this, you can pay attention to these characteristics deliberately when you do the questions in the future. After a long time, the sense of language comes out. Second, how to use punctuation correctly? How to use the question mark correctly is a pause symbol after a question is asked, indicating more interrogative tone. The exam often involves the following points: (1) If there is a title in the question, no matter what the title is, a question mark will be used at the end of the sentence.

Xiao Liu, have you ever been to Shanghai? Xiao Liu, have you ever been to Shanghai? (2) When interjections such as "ah" and "yi" are used with interrogative mood, they are also interrogative sentences, followed by question marks. Such as: hey? Why is my pen missing? Huh? How could it be him? (3) Generally, there is only one question mark, which is placed at the end of the whole sentence, and items are separated by commas.

Tomorrow's trip, will you go or not? (4) Should question marks be used? It depends on the whole sentence, whether the question is really asked, whether there is a questioning tone, and whether there are interrogative words such as "who", "what" and "how". Some sentences are interrogative sentences, and some sentences are not interrogative sentences, so we should distinguish them clearly. Who is he? I don't know who he is.

Nobody knows who he is. 1 sentence is a question, which should be a question mark, while 2 and 3 sentences can be used as "Who is he?" It only appears as an object in these two sentences, or it is no longer an independent sentence in these two sentences, but only a sentence component, so the whole sentence is not a question, so you can't use a question mark.

1 Are you going or is he going? I haven't decided whether you or he will go. 1 sentence is a question. There is no doubt that a question mark is used, but in two sentences, "you go or he goes" is the subject of the whole sentence, and the independence of the sentence is cancelled. The whole sentence is not interrogative, so you can't use question marks, you can only use commas.

(5) Language units quoted locally generally do not need punctuation. If they are question marks, they can be kept. As soon as I entered the door, I saw a message, "Did you waste time today?" Slogan.

(6) Some imperative sentences that express the tone of the merchant can also use question marks at the end of the sentence. Would you please come in? How to use the exclamation point correctly needs to pay attention to the following points: (1) When two exclamation points are used together, the exclamation point is usually used for the last one.

Like ah, ah! Back to my hometown. (2) Exclamation marks can also be used in imperative sentences with strong feelings.

Sister Xianglin, you can go! But in this case, pay attention to the position of the exclamation point, for example: cyclist, stop! Stop, cyclist! The meaning of the above two sentences is basically the same.

3. Writing a paragraph has many advantages, which can make the meaning of the text clearer and not misleading; At the same time, after the paragraphs are clear, the levels are more orderly.

Since segmentation is so important, children must write in segments. When subdividing, we should grasp the following principles:

(1) fragments should be connected with each other to form a whole. Just like bamboo "knots", one section is connected with another and cannot be interrupted.

(2) Each paragraph should have a central idea and be complete and independent.

(3) The sentences in each paragraph are more or less infinite. As long as a central idea is fully expressed, it can be a paragraph of its own.

(4) Each paragraph has only one central idea and cannot contain too much meaning. If it is irrelevant or inconsistent with the central idea, it is better to write another paragraph.

(5) In order to make the subsection statement more clear, clear and eye-catching, sometimes the dialogue in the composition can be a paragraph of its own. This situation is most common in stories and novels.

4. How to segment the writing? How to segment the article? There are several standards and guidelines:

1, segmented according to the process of the written event, that is, segmented according to the beginning, development, * * * and end of the event.

2. In chronological order, write down what happened first, then what happened, then what happened, and finally what happened.

3. According to the place where the written event happened, divide the things that happened in one place into fragments independently; Then divide what happened in place B into sections; What happened in the third place was also divided into sections. ...

4. Divide each situation into independent segments according to the activities of the characters.

5. According to the change of scenery, take the change of scenery as the basis of segmentation, especially when writing travel notes, with the change of station position, the scenery you see is also changing, so you should write it in segments.

6. The change of the author's description angle is also the basis of segmentation. Writing a thing, a person and a scene from this angle should be divided into paragraphs, and writing the same person and the same scene from another angle should also be divided into paragraphs. 7, in the narrative interspersed with longer lyric or argument, can be independent into paragraphs. In addition, besides these seven principles, the genre and content of the article also play a certain role in segmentation. It depends on the specific situation. It is necessary for us to master the principle of segmentation. The quality of an article is directly related to the success of subdivision. If the segmentation is correct, the layering of the article will be strong; If the score is not good, the article is like a mess. After reading it, I can't figure out the clue and can't tell the weight. The knowledge and skills of segmentation determine the structure and directly affect the success or failure of article layout. It is necessary for us to master the principle of segmentation. The quality of an article is directly related to the success of subdivision. If the segmentation is correct, the layering of the article will be strong; If the score is not good, the article is like a mess. After reading it, I can't figure out the clue and can't tell the weight. The knowledge and skills of segmentation determine the structure and directly affect the success or failure of article layout. Nowadays, many students' compositions, no matter what the content and how many words are, are all "syllogism", which are segmented on the basis of "beginning", "middle" and "end". We say this is unscientific, because the "middle" part is huge, and it contains a lot of content. How can you put it all in one paragraph? It is urgent to learn how to divide sections, get out of the "three-stage" cycle and increase the layering of the article.

5. How to write a composition How to write a composition for primary school students, how to write a good composition, and grasp the writing of primary school students as a whole. First, improve the ability to understand and express things.

Mr. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator in China, pointed out: "Writing anything depends on knowledge and experience. What kind of knowledge and experience can make you write something. On the other hand, if you don't have the ability to express understanding, you can't write a good composition. "

Second, take the cognitive structure as the core of the composition, including learning knowledge, observing accumulation, memory storage, training thinking, enriching imagination, cultivating emotion and exercising will; From talking about writing, scrutinizing and revising, reading more books and writing more. Third, establish the concept of big composition and combine listening, speaking, reading and writing organically. The second is to make clear the purpose of writing and be innovative; Third, the selection of materials should be based on evidence; Fourth, we should pay attention to writing skills and arrange the structure of the article; Fifth, we should pay attention to the segmentation of the article and list the subheadings and composition outlines in advance; Sixth, we should pay attention to the writing and usage of the article; Seventh, we should use language skillfully and use thought to schedule language.

Learn five ways to conceive: praise people with things, express their feelings directly, reason with things, touch the scene and express their feelings with things. Fourth, the composition goal is decomposed year by year: first-level words, second-level sentences, third-level fragments, fourth-level chapters, fifth-level synthesis and sixth-level improvement.

According to the principle that cognition is the core of composition, around the core of developing students' psychological mechanism, five exercises are carried out in a down-to-earth manner: (1) word training. Learn to master many words.

Master the golden key to using words: contact with things you are familiar with; Contact your own life reality; Contact your knowledge of language and writing. Use the method of "ten quotations" to combine word learning with oral training.

The "Top Ten Quotations" are: 1, analyzing glyphs; 2. Use teaching AIDS; 3. Look at the pictures and learn words; 4. Word formation and expansion; 5. Choose words to fill in the blanks; 6. collocation of words; 7. Adjust the word order; 8. Words used to move the scene; 9. Word classification; 10, conjunctions into sentences. Enrich the content of oral training, so that I can accumulate a large number of words that I can speak and use, and lay a solid foundation for writing.

(2) Sentence training. As long as it is a sentence, it includes two aspects: one is about people, things, things and scenery, and the other is about purpose.

However, some teachers do not use pictures and things to seriously teach students the methods of observation, understanding, analysis and expression when instructing students to say a sentence. They just take out a picture or something for students to say and write a sentence. Students don't know why to say and write a sentence, how to say and write a sentence, and what sentence patterns to say and write, which leads to a single, dull and lifeless composition tone. Students can be taught to speak and write a sentence with four complete elements, four sentence patterns and nine sentence patterns, according to pictures, things, dialogues and exercises.

Students will use different sentence patterns and sentence patterns to express different thoughts, feelings, attitudes and purposes in their compositions. (3) Paragraph training.

Combination of eight segments: the development of things is a sequential segment, time is a sequential segment, and spatial transformation is a sequential segment, a general and substructure segment, a causal segment, a turning segment, a progressive segment, and a parallel segment. In order to understand the law of occurrence and development of objective things.

No matter what kind of paragraph, it describes the development of things and people's understanding of things, that is, the content and the center of the paragraph. Like a sentence, it is also a description of people, things, things and scenery, and it also expresses a meaning.

Just to make a sentence clearer and deeper. (4) Text training.

A chapter consists of paragraphs. Through the knowledge and methods of examining topics, making ideas, selecting materials, planning articles, defining methods and terms, through the four expression methods of narration, description, lyricism and discussion, the methods of beginning and end of articles, transition and echo, and the knowledge and methods of various article genres.

Learn to write narrative and practical articles with clear center, complete meaning and appropriate details. (5), life on-site training.

Use on-site training to better understand writing from the content. Through various composition teaching activities such as "centering", "selecting materials", "composition consultation meeting", "Xiao Zhuge grade examination meeting" and "wonderful word competition meeting", we can learn composition knowledge and writing methods vividly and concretely from the activities.

In addition, you can also carry out various activities inside and outside the school, such as skipping rope, tug-of-war, kicking shuttlecock, ball games, endorsement competitions, etc., and learn how to write competition compositions; Carry out voluntary labor inside and outside the school and learn how to write labor scenes; Hold poetry recitals and lectures to learn how to write conference scenes and experiences; Learn how to write travel notes and travel notes by visiting and browsing places of interest. Learn to observe methods and pay attention to things around you. "Pay attention to everything and you will learn. The cultivation of human feelings is the article."

Through on-site life composition, I further realized that life is fertile ground for composition. So as to learn something, express the true feelings, cultivate the sentiments of truth, goodness and beauty, and cultivate a good style of writing.

Implement "mutual evaluation and mutual reform" to cultivate students' thinking independence and creativity. After students write their compositions, organize group comments.

Learn the advantages of other people's compositions first, and then point out the shortcomings in their own compositions with critical eyes and suggestions for improvement. Rewrite on this basis, so that students can learn something from each article they write.

Writing an honest self "writing an honest self" is what the old educator Mr. Ye Shengtao said. It aims to create a colorful "independent" composition world.

The so-called "autonomy" means that students are free to think and write without being restricted by rules and regulations. "Independent" composition means "speaking from the heart", acting spontaneously, showing self-style, and embodying distinctive personality.

We should break away from the old composition teaching method, let students write in an "independent" state, shed affectation and imitation, give them fresh imagination and rich creativity, and what is waiting for harvest will be colorful colors, fresh fruits and full of vitality. When writing, it often happens in the classroom: some students are exhausted and pour out what they want to say in a few words, which is shriveled; Some students are full of thoughts, and if there is running water in their minds, or gurgling, or ups and downs, their works are eloquent.

The reason is, of course, closely related to the adequacy of writing materials. However, another important factor must not be ignored, that is, how well imagination is played. According to the research of modern brain physiology, the human brain can be divided into four functional parts, namely, perception part, judgment part, storage part and imagination part.

6. How to segment and summarize the meaning of a paragraph and summarize the content of an article is also called meaning segment, structure segment and logic segment. It is composed of several natural paragraphs with closely related meanings (sometimes a natural paragraph is also a logical paragraph). Segmentation is an indispensable process and an important means to understand an article. Segmentation is to merge all natural paragraphs describing the same content into a logical paragraph. When segmenting, we should first make clear the order of the full text and find the basis of segmentation. Then segment it. Segmentation is based on 1 and segmented in time sequence. For example, a night's work can be divided into four sections according to the order of pre-trial, trial, trial and author's return. If the first paragraph of this kind of narrative generally has a narrative time, it can be used as a reference for chronological segmentation. 2. Divide things according to the development order. Everything has its own place. However, there is always a process of development. Notes can be divided into paragraphs according to the development order of things. 3. Travel notes, visits and other articles can be divided according to the transformation of space. When dividing a paragraph, words expressing space can be used as a reference for dividing a paragraph. 4. According to the different nature of the content, some texts can be divided without "chronological order" or "spatial transformation". So we can't take "the development of things" as the basis of segmentation. They explain the nature and characteristics of things from several aspects or describe people through several things. Such an article can be segmented according to different contents. When segmenting this kind of article, we should pay attention to the whole sentence, summary sentence or central sentence. 5. Divide according to the method of general statement. The article written by "general statement" is generally divided into two sections, whether it is a part or several parts. It should be regarded as a level in "narrative". For example, Lin Hai written in Total Score is divided into three sections, such as Beautiful Daxinganling. There are many methods of segmentation, which can be flexible, but it is important to distinguish the relationship between natural segments. Common segmentation methods are: 1, whole segmentation. Read an article about things. For articles that have written several things, we should separate them one by one; Articles that explain things should also separate the aspects of explanation. 2. Partial merger method. The steps are as follows: first, number the first natural paragraph and summarize the general idea of each natural paragraph; Second, merge adjacent natural paragraphs that explain the same content into a large paragraph. 3. Extraction center method. First, grasp the main content of the article, and summarize this part into a large paragraph, that is, extract the central paragraph. 4. Mark the segmentation method. Some articles have obvious segmentation marks, such as statements indicating time, statements indicating position and orientation, blank lines, etc. Regarding the handling of the transition section, the transition section is the link between the preceding and the following. Therefore, segmentation is generally not from bottom to top. If the transition section mainly summarizes the above, it can also be classified as the upper section. After segmentation, explain the main meaning of each paragraph in concise words, that is, summarize the meaning of the paragraph. This is actually a summary of the full text into a simple outline. Generally speaking, the requirements for summarizing the meaning of a paragraph should be as follows: first, it should be accurate, that is, it should properly summarize the key contents of the whole paragraph, not replace the whole with parts, and replace the main with secondary ones; Second, concise, not wordy; Third, smooth and clear, concise and unambiguous. The way to summarize the meaning of a paragraph is 1. Grammar extraction. Sentences that can summarize the content of the whole paragraph are used as the general idea of the paragraph. This method is suitable for paragraphs with central sentences. 2. Consolidation method. First find out the general idea of each natural paragraph, and then fuse the general idea of several natural paragraphs together to sum up the general idea of the whole paragraph. If you omit the minor part, you can understand the meaning of this paragraph. For example, the first paragraph of Xiao Jie's rain has two meanings: the environment where Yu Lai lives and the high swimming ability of Yu Lai. The second layer is the main layer, which can be used as the general idea of the whole paragraph. 4. With the help of laws, it is summarized through the structural characteristics of paragraphs. Such as by means of a common part; Causal part, with the help of the result part; Progressive paragraphs, with the help of the meaning of the next layer. Reading an article is from the whole to the part and then to the whole, that is, reading the article first, understanding the main idea, then understanding the text, reading every sentence, summarizing the meaning of the article in sections, and finally returning to the whole article, then grasping the main content of the article and summarizing the central idea. Generally speaking, the main content of the article should be comprehensive and concise. Methods to summarize the main contents of the article: Method 1: Paragraph merging method. The main content of each paragraph is summarized by the general idea of each paragraph. Summarizing the general idea of each paragraph is the main content of the whole article. This is the most commonly used method. In this way, we should pay attention to two points: 1, and add some transitional words between each paragraph to make it read smoothly and coherently. To be detailed, some can even be omitted. Method 2: Element series method. Articles that write people's notes generally have basic elements such as time, place, people and events (including cause, process and result). The main content of the article is to make these basic elements clear and connect them with words. For example, Flying over the Luding Bridge can summarize the main contents in this way. Method 3: Question. Summarizing these problems is the main content of the article. For example, after reading the article The Poor, you can ask the following questions first: What happened when Sang Na was waiting for her husband to come back? How did she do it? what do you think? Why would she think that? What did she think when her husband came back? Answering these questions one by one is the main content of the text. Method 4: Title tracing method. Some articles with content propositions can be read according to the title and traced back to the main content of the article. This is the so-called "title tracking method". For example, the lesson "Righteousness and Righteousness" can be traced back to the main content by grasping the topic. Method 5: Content borrowing method. This method uses key sentences or paragraphs in the article to summarize the main content.