How to strengthen the coordination of safety and fire protection work under the new situation

With the development of economy and the continuous expansion of city scale, the construction of urban communities has developed rapidly. At present, the scale of communities is expanding day by day, the functions are becoming more and more complete, and the number of community residents is increasing day by day. It is necessary to do a good job in fire protection in the community. Safety work is crucial. Community construction With the progress and development of society, citizens' needs, civility and cultural quality continue to improve, and community or residential construction is also constantly being improved and standardized, including government-led management models, society-led management models, market economy The management of Xia Yingsheng's property management model plays a very important role in the management of communities and residential areas in different periods and stages. However, as a new and growing industry, property management units in the market economy environment are also facing new challenges. Fire safety management plays an increasingly important role in the management of various management models. However, while management units are implementing various tasks, a large number of fire hazards have arisen. Problems arising from fire safety management work are urgently needed. Solution 1. Problems and causes of current community fire management work (1) The government and administrative departments do not have enough understanding of the importance of community fire protection work. For a long time, governments and administrative departments at all levels have focused on the fire safety management of key units and locations such as enterprises, institutions, and public gathering places, while neglecting the fire safety management of communities, especially residential areas. It is believed that communities Residential households and small shops, small restaurants and other units in the fire will not cause large personal casualties, property losses and political influence, making community firefighting work a blind spot. (2) Community firefighting hardware facilities are not complete enough, infrastructure construction is inherently insufficient, and maintenance problems are serious. The fire protection design of many residential areas has not attracted the attention of designers. Designers only design based on the building layout and assumptions required by Party A, without considering the fire safety of the community. Some construction construction bidding units have no fire protection qualifications, so they rely on other qualified units, and the construction is still carried out by the same team, resulting in poor construction quality and posing hidden dangers to fire safety. Since the property management fees collected in the completed communities are relatively small, only a handful of them are used for the maintenance and management of fire protection facilities. It is difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of industrial companies for the management of fire protection facilities, resulting in serious problems of fire protection facilities being in disrepair. In most communities, especially those built in the early stages, the fire protection infrastructure construction is not perfect enough. Due to insufficient fire protection planning and other reasons, there are problems in the floor layout, evacuation passages, safety exits, fire protection zones, fire protection facilities, etc. of many local buildings. There are major defects, including blocked fire truck passages, lack of firefighting water sources, and serious aging of electrical lines. It is also very difficult to rectify these "stubborn problems". In addition, irregular decoration and unauthorized changes of use bring a series of fire hazards to the community, which are most common in residential buildings (high-rise commercial and residential buildings). A particularly prominent and common problem is that in newly built communities, the fire exits at the entrances and exits, fire water sources, fire pumps, fire protection facilities and equipment in the community are not standardized or are not reasonably set up and managed. For example, the installed water supply pipelines are used for domestic and fire-fighting purposes. The diameter of the pipes is too small and cannot meet the fire-fighting water consumption requirements. There is no return site for fire-fighting vehicles. Isolation piers or fences are artificially set up, etc. In order for the residential areas to comply with quiet requirements and prevent various vehicles from entering the residential areas and disturbing the residents, most property management units of residential areas set up road posts and fences at the entrances of the residential areas. Once a fire breaks out, the fire truck's siren is blaring but it cannot enter smoothly, which will delay the fighter plane and cause great losses to the affected people. (3) The software construction is not in place and the rules and regulations are not perfect. Community firefighting work lacks effective rules and regulations and work operation mechanisms, and cannot be implemented regularly and permanently. Some communities have not formulated complete fire safety management regulations and fire safety responsibility systems, and responsibilities cannot be assigned to specific units and households, causing the community itself to lack standardization and autonomy in the management process. Community units and residents have weak awareness of fire safety habits and lack of responsibility for fire safety, making it difficult for street offices, community neighborhood committees, and community property management departments to form effective fire safety management. Even if the community firefighting team is established, it is in vain and cannot effectively implement relevant laws and regulations. The lack of fire protection network in community construction is a bit faceless. Each community functional department operates independently and lacks communication and coordination. When problems arise, they blame each other and delay resolution, making it difficult to implement fire protection work.

The police force of public security firefighting agencies is insufficient, and it is difficult to implement the third-level firefighting management responsibilities, and management is relatively unpredictable. The working system of community firefighting managers often follows the previous working system of security personnel, not to mention how to regularly maintain, test, and operate firefighting Facilities, some managers do not even know how to use fire extinguishers or determine whether they have expired. In addition, there is no clear reward mechanism, making it difficult to regularize and institutionalize fire safety management. (4) The community has complete functions, the number of industries increases, and the fire risk increases. The current community is actually a relatively independent small society. With the continuous emergence of schools, hospitals, shops, small factories, and small workshops in the community, the functions of the community have also changed from a single place for people to live to business, life and entertainment, cultural landscape, etc. Although the scale of various industries in the community is small, they are quite complete, which makes the fire danger of the community continue to increase and increases the difficulty of fire safety management. However, community property management only focuses on security and theft prevention, and does not have much It is a good place to intervene in fire safety management. Management work tends to focus on theft prevention and neglect fire prevention. The fire management system is not perfect. Most security guards are temporary employees. Fire safety awareness and skills are poor, which leads to various strange phenomena: First, fire protection facilities are locked; The second is to put iron bars on the windows on the first floor and lock them. In order to prevent theft, but in the event of a fire, where is the escape route? (5) The safety evacuation conditions of residential buildings in the community are poor, and residents’ safety awareness is very weak. The buildings in the community generally have evacuation stairs for each unit. In addition, some residents often pile bicycles, old furniture, cardboard boxes, etc. in the stairwells and passages, and even build kitchens, storage rooms, etc. on the passages to occupy the space. Evacuation stairs. If a fire breaks out in residents on the ground floor, it will be difficult for people on the upper floors to evacuate smoothly through the evacuation stairs. Community fire safety passages are often blocked or occupied. The community is closed to the outside world to a certain extent. In order to facilitate management, some communities prohibit motor vehicles from entering at will, so they install iron fences, stone barriers, etc. at the entrance of the community. Only pedestrians can pass through, and motor vehicles are not allowed to enter. Once a fire breaks out, fire trucks cannot smoothly enter the community to put out the fire, which delays the opportunity to put out the fire. In addition, some small vegetable markets, small street stalls, newsstands, car repair stalls, etc. in the community also use every opportunity to occupy the fire exits. Furthermore, in order to prevent theft at home, residents have installed relatively strong anti-theft doors and iron railings on their doors and windows, which is not conducive to safe evacuation and is not conducive to firefighting by firefighters. The overall fire safety awareness of community residents is relatively weak, their self-prevention and self-rescue capabilities are poor, and they lack the knowledge and skills to rescue and escape in fire situations. Some residents even do not know what the fire brigade does, what the fire alarm phone number is, let alone Use any fire extinguishing equipment. With the improvement of living standards, the number of high-power household appliances has increased. However, pipe protection measures are rarely adopted for the laying of electrical wiring in ordinary households. A large number of combustible materials such as plywood and polymer materials are used in household decoration. Residential households now commonly use liquefied petroleum gas and coal gas. or natural gas, but there is insufficient understanding of their fire hazards, and there are often improper use and illegal operations, resulting in a large increase in fire hazards and an increase in the number of home fires. 2. Root causes of different hidden dangers (1) Property management companies are enterprises, with economic benefits as their lifeline. The construction of regulations on fire safety management lags behind the development of property management, making the responsibilities of property fire safety management unclear and the laws between relevant entities Responsibilities are unclear. Property management involves multiple levels of development and construction units, property owners, public security, neighborhood committees and urban management. The relationship between many of their rights and obligations is unclear, causing certain difficulties in property management. (2) There are many hidden concerns in some newly developed properties. In other words, many developers conceal safety information during the sales process in order to make money. When signing purchase and sales contracts with property owners, some developers deliberately make the terms on fire safety ambiguous and unclear, and try to keep the hardware facilities such as fire hydrants in the community to a minimum or even dispensable. . (3) In the early stage of community property management, which was mainly developed for efficiency, there is a common phenomenon of emphasizing theft prevention and neglecting fire prevention. The security requirements are extremely strict in terms of theft prevention, but fire prevention is generally ignored. In order to reduce expenses and streamline manpower, property fire management There is a shortage of personnel and talents. The existing personnel hold multiple positions and have low quality. Many security guards have no fire protection knowledge. It is difficult for such a security team to bear the heavy responsibility of handling sudden fires. (4) Bungalow areas, shantytowns, and suburbs in the urban-rural fringe were not included in the overall planning due to early urban construction or development. With the continuous development and expansion of the city, they were classified as urban areas but remained undeveloped.

The buildings are adjacent to each other. The fire resistance level of the buildings is extremely low and there are no safety measures. It is extremely prone to fire hazards. The roads are rugged and narrow, and there are no fire escapes. It is difficult for fire-fighting vehicles to enter. Once a fire breaks out, it will bring great difficulties to the rescue work. . 3. Constructive measures to improve community fire management (1) The government should strengthen, clarify responsibilities and delineate responsibilities. The "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Agencies, Groups, Enterprises and Institutions" have been promulgated and implemented. Article 10 clearly stipulates: Property management units in residential areas shall perform the following fire safety responsibilities within the scope of management: (1) Develop a fire safety system, Implement fire safety responsibilities and carry out fire safety publicity and education; (2) Carry out fire prevention inspections to eliminate fire hazards; (3) Ensure that evacuation passages, safety exits, and fire truck passages are smooth; (4) Ensure that public fire protection facilities, equipment and Fire safety signs are intact and effective. Other property management units shall be responsible for public fire safety management within the scope of entrusted management. It is necessary to use the government as a high-pressure to strengthen regulation, the organization implements fire protection supervision, and the responsibility is implemented in the fire safety protection network of every property worker, and the fire safety work is broken down layer by layer and responsibilities are clearly defined. (2) Establish and improve various rules, regulations and operating mechanisms. In order to strengthen the leadership of community firefighting work, a community firefighting leadership group and a community firefighting safety committee should be established, and a joint meeting system, a firefighting liaison system, a reception system for people to visit, firefighting publicity and education, fire and electricity management, and regular inspections should be established. Inspection system, fire protection facilities, equipment maintenance system, fire hazard rectification system, fire safety reward and punishment system and residents' fire prevention convention, etc., implement the work to specific responsible persons, achieve the goal of community fire safety and stability, and ensure fire protection laws, regulations and Implementation of various systems. Once a fire occurs, management personnel must be able to call the police, organize evacuation, and organize the fighting of the initial fire. (3) Strengthen training and continuously improve firefighting skills. By continuously increasing the fire protection business training for community police, community safety committee members, and community volunteer firefighters, we will enable them to master the basic methods of fire safety inspections, understand the basic content and precautions of home fire prevention, and lay a solid foundation for community fire management work. the basis of. (4) Increase fire protection publicity and education and continuously improve the fire safety awareness of community residents. Community safety committees can publicize fire protection knowledge and fire protection legal knowledge through fire bulletin boards, fire protection leaflets, fire protection slogans and other forms that are popular with the public. Publicity can also be carried out by regularly organizing residents to visit open team stations, walking in the streets and alleys, etc. to publicize the dangers of fire and make firefighting work deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, so as to improve people's fire safety awareness and comprehensively improve the fire safety awareness and awareness of community residents. Self-defense and self-rescue ability. Pay attention to organizing primary and secondary school students in the jurisdiction to carry out publicity during holidays, and through these activities, we can effectively prevent fires caused by careless use of fire, electricity, gas, etc. At the same time, based on the actual situation within the jurisdiction and local conditions, some extremely poor households, disabled people, family members of military martyrs and residents with physical disabilities are listed as key fire supervision households, and fire prevention publicity and fire prevention inspections are carried out regularly to help them eliminate fire hazards and unsafe conditions. safety factor. (5) Increase fire safety inspections and strive to eliminate fire hazards. While carrying out extensive fire protection publicity work, we will focus on increasing community fire safety inspections, give full play to the management functions of community management committees and community units, carry out regular fire prevention inspections, and discover illegal use of fire, electricity, gas, and blocking of safety exits. Fire hazards such as, encroaching on fire escapes, and dumping liquefied gas residues indiscriminately must be corrected immediately to eliminate fire hazards in a timely manner to prevent fire accidents. Community fire safety is a systematic social project that covers a wide range of areas and is not only related to community management issues, but also to urban planning and construction issues. With the acceleration of urbanization in our country, community service and security issues will surely become issues that must be considered in future urban construction, management and formulation of public safety policies, and community firefighting has become an inseparable and important part of it. An important link in promoting the urban fire prevention system. Community fire safety management has become inevitable for social development and is also an important core part of the future socialized firefighting process. How to strengthen the socialized firefighting process remains to be further explored.