Introduction of Public Security Organs in Hongkong, Taiwan Province and Macau

There is no public security in Hong Kong, only the police.

Hong kong police

The three major disciplined forces in Hong Kong are the Hong Kong Police, the Customs and Excise Department and the Hong Kong Fire Brigade. Here we mainly talk about the Hong Kong police.

Hong Kong is divided into six divisions, namely, New Territories North Division, New Territories South Division, West Kowloon Division, East Kowloon Division, Hong Kong Island Division and Marine Police Division. In these six divisions, except for the Marine Police, there are emergency units stationed in police stations, and sometimes the emergency units have to patrol with police dogs.

Ranks of the Hong Kong Police (from low to high):

Police officer, senior police officer, sheriff, police station sheriff, police probability inspector, police inspector, senior police inspector, chief police inspector, superintendent, senior police superintendent, chief police superintendent, assistant police director, senior assistant police director, deputy police director and police director.

When applying for the police force, you can apply for PC (police officer) or IP (inspector). It is best to graduate from college with a bachelor's degree. Originally, you only needed high school exam results to apply for a PC, but in recent years, many college graduates took the PC exam first, and then tried to enter the IP ranking through the upgrade department. To apply for IP and PC, you must pass English and Chinese exams and physical fitness and vision exams. The Chinese test here refers to Cantonese, and applicants for joining the police force must hold a Hong Kong permanent identity card or have lived in Hong Kong for more than seven years. The accepted person will become an official PC or IP after 6 months of training.

The promotion system of Hong Kong police is very strict. Every promotion requires interview, written examination and physical fitness test. However, the promotion of the Deputy Commissioner of Police to the Commissioner of Police is selected by the Commissioner of Police, usually from among the Deputy Commissioners of Police. Promotion is very strict, personal records are very important, and some small things may directly affect promotion.

The three ace departments of the Hong Kong Police Force (Organized Crime and Triad Bureau, CIB Criminal Intelligence Bureau, Narcotics Division)

Now let's introduce it in different categories:

EU: Generally speaking, all members of the Emergency Unit have served in PTU Mobile Unit. Not every policeman can join the first aid team, because members of the first aid team must be trained before joining the first aid team. Because they are the first police officers to arrive at the crime scene to put out crimes, only police officers who have served in the police force for more than 4 years or in the mobile unit can join the emergency response force. Therefore, the quality of the stormtroopers is very high. Each assault vehicle has 5-6 members, a captain (sheriff) and 4-5 police officers (police officers), one of whom is a plainclothes policeman.

At present, there are two main types of thumbs equipped by EU stormtroopers, one is Transit made by Ford, and the other is Sprinter made by Mercedes-Benz. Both thumbs are driven by diesel, which is environmentally friendly and powerful. Mercedes-Benz Sprinter will gradually replace Transit currently in service, and then these Transit will either be retired or transferred to other departments (such as auxiliary police).

In fact, EU cars are fully equipped because they will be the first police to arrive at the crime scene. They will arrive at the crime scene in the shortest time after receiving the phone call, so it is very likely that they will refute the fire with the gangsters. Therefore, the equipment in EU cars is very modern and sophisticated, including familiar MP5, M870, helmets and body armor, as well as smoke bombs, roadblocks, searchlights, fire extinguishers, door-breaking tools and other equipment.

The headquarters of Emergency Unit in West Kowloon is located in Yau Ma Tei Police Station in West Kowloon.

The central part of the Emergency Unit of Hong Kong Island is located in the Central Police Station of Hong Kong Island Region.

The headquarters of the Emergency Unit in New Territories North is located in the police headquarters in New Territories North.

The East Kowloon Emergency Unit is headquartered in Ngau Tau Kok Police Station in Kowloon East Region, and is also the East Kowloon operation base of the Hong Kong Police Force.

Headquartered in Kwai Chung Police Station in South New Territories, the New Territories South Frontline Team is the operational base of the Hong Kong Police Force in South New Territories.

West Kowloon Emergency Unit is headquartered in Mong Kok Police Station, West Kowloon. Different from other police districts, the Emergency Unit is deployed in various operational bases, including the Emergency Unit in West Kowloon and the headquarters of the Traffic Department in West Kowloon, and is deployed in Mong Kok Police Station.

Departments and guns

The most impressive Hong Kong policemen are armed with them. 38 revolvers exchanged fire with gangsters, but the guns of the police in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region have changed a lot.

The Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Hong Kong Police Force, and the agents of all district crime units are equipped with short tubes. 38 revolver, characterized by easy collection, not easy to jam and light weight. Its disadvantage is that the loading capacity is small, only 6 rounds, and the ammunition change is slow and the power is average. If you encounter a 54 pistol or an M9 pistol, you are obviously at a disadvantage.

EU stormtroopers, PTU mobile units, officials of the Ministry of Communications and uniformed patrols of the Hong Kong police are equipped with heavy-loaded.38 revolvers on duty. Because the first police officer who arrived at the crime scene to put out the crime, such as the EU Emergency Unit, would encounter gangsters, in order to enhance their firepower, they were equipped with heavy-loaded.38 revolvers and more powerful bullets. In addition to the six bullets on the gun, each policeman will also carry a fast loader with six spare bullets.

Under normal circumstances, police officers of police task forces in various districts are not equipped with guns, but in special operations, they must apply to the gun room for a revolver with a heavy control point of 38. Although they usually wear plain clothes, they belong to the military uniform. They are mainly responsible for cracking down on some pornographic activities, preventing theft and pickpocketing, and doing some publicity activities. If necessary, they should assist their major crime units in fighting crime. At this point, the task force agents should be equipped with guns.

Some special departments have special guns. Since 2002, the three ace departments of the Hong Kong police (Organized Crime and Triad Bureau, CIB of Criminal Intelligence Bureau and Narcotics Division) have been equipped with Glock 17 automatic pistols produced by Glock of Austria. The pistol has a caliber of 9 mm, can hold 20 rounds of ammunition, and fires a 9 * 19 mm Baraberum pistol. It is a more advanced automatic pistol in the world. In addition, the departments equipped with the gun include WPU Witness Protection Team, SBU Marine Police Boat Team, G4 Protection Politicians Team under the Ministry of Security, SDU Special Task Company (commonly known as Flying Tigers) and Airport Special Police Team.

And some special guns are only equipped by special departments. MP5 series submachine guns produced by HK Company in Germany and M870 shotguns produced by Remington Company in the United States are also standard equipment of Hong Kong police, which are mainly equipped in EU stormtroopers, SDU and ASU. Each stormtrooper of EU stormtroopers is equipped with an MP5A4 and M870 respectively, while SDU and ASU are equipped with MP5A5.

In addition, SDU Flying Tigers and Arizona State University Airport Special Police Team are also equipped with M 16A2 automatic rifles produced by Colt Company of the United States and PSG- 1 sniper rifles produced by HK Company of Germany.

The Hong Kong police have a strict gun control system. At the same time, it is necessary to check the guns and loading conditions. To apply for guns and bullets, you must fill out a detailed application form for guns and bullets. Every step should be done according to the procedure, which is very standardized. It can be seen that the Hong Kong police have strict rules and regulations on the basis of protecting citizens.

Hong kong police have been changing guns one after another, some of which are made up of. 38 was replaced by Glock 17, and the stormtroopers also used the world-advanced MP5 series. By the way, VIP is a VIP protection group under the Ministry of Security of Hong Kong, commonly known as G4, and will also be equipped with MP5K series submachine guns produced by HK Company of Germany, usually putting guns in portable briefcases. Sometimes it is placed behind the driver's seat and the passenger's seat of the RV, and each car is equipped with one. This gun fires a 9 *19mm Baraberum pistol, which can be used with Glock 17 bullets on G4 agents. Moreover, this gun is light in weight, small in size and easy to carry and hide. It is one of the most popular submachine guns in the world, equipped by the White House Guard and Navy SEALs of the US Marine Corps.

SDU Special Task Company and its Water Ghost Team are also equipped with MP5SD series submachine guns, which are silent submachine guns. In some cases, SDU players sometimes have to quietly destroy the enemy with MP5SD series submachine guns. SDU is sometimes equipped with M4 carbine, but this is not common.

Hong Kong Police Series-Airport Special Police Team

The official name of the airport special police team is "Airport Security Unit", which was established in 1977. Its members are composed of police officers and senior inspectors. They belong to the airport police area, and their main duties are to ensure the safety of the Hong Kong International Airport, especially to prevent and combat terrorist attacks on the airport when necessary.

The duties of the airport security team include wearing uniforms at Chek Lap Kok. Patrol the Cape International Airport and its buildings, assist in handling weapons interception cases and carry out other security operations assigned by the airport area commander. Players must participate in daily physical training and weekly review training to ensure that they are fully prepared for emergencies.

The airport swat team used to have a sniper team, and 1999 was cancelled.

The firearms of the airport swat team mainly include MP5A3 submachine gun of HK company, AR 15 automatic rifle of American Colt company, HP pistol of Belgian Browning company and PSG- 1 sniper rifle produced by Austrian GLOCK 17 automatic pistol company.

However, after 2002, the airport swat team has eliminated the "bending ruler" (Browning HP pistol).

The requirements for selecting members of airport special police team are similar to those of SDU.

Hong Kong Police Series -FEG Hong Kong Police Force Traffic Department (FEG) Police Escort is responsible for escorting dignitaries and royal family members from all over the world, including the cat-loving, life-loving president and US President Bill Clinton's car navigation. Before that, it is very important to plan a perfect route for all important people to enter and leave Hong Kong. Every member of the escort team is a motorcycle elite, and every escort operation is maintained? 30- 160 expressway (the city will slow down as appropriate) and "arrow" formation.

The Hong Kong Police Escort Group was established in 1976, directly under the Director of Operations of the Police Force. At that time, the Ministry of Communications of the British Hong Kong authorities escorted the then Governor out by motorcycle for the first time. Since then, whenever members of the British royal family or politicians from various countries visit Hong Kong, the police will follow the model at that time.

At present, the escort team is divided into five teams from five police districts, namely West Kowloon, New Territories North, Hong Kong Island, East Kowloon and New Territories South, with 10 police officers in each district. Among them, West Kowloon District is the main team, which needs to handle all the planning work of escort operation, while the other four districts need to handle the work of general traffic patrol or task force when there is no escort operation.

All the members of the escort team are selected from the Ministry of Communications, and each of them is an elite motorcycle driver with first-class driving skills. Since speed and formation are emphasized in every escort operation, the speed should be kept at the high speed of 130 to 160 (it will be slowed down as appropriate in urban areas) to minimize the road closure time and reduce the impact on the public. In addition, it is necessary to cooperate with each other to ensure that the distance between cars is one meter to keep the "arrow-shaped" driving.

In fact, the nature of FEG's work is the same as that of other departments of the police force (such as the National Civil Police Police Negotiating Group). When there is no task, it will work in the original department and perform its special duties after receiving the task. However, after receiving the task, it is necessary to perform special duties immediately, mainly special duties. For example, an EU player joined PNC, but he received a task from PNC during his patrol. At this time, he will immediately carry out the PNC mission and will be in charge of the command. Like PNC, FEG will not get a promotion or salary increase because of joining FEG or PNC (certainly not like joining SDU special forces or Arizona State University airport swat team). This is just a special job. However, there are still many people who actively participate in the annual recruitment of PNC and FEG, because taking part in this special job can be recorded and contribute to future promotion (in this case, normal promotion).

Their BMW RT850 motorcycle was also used as a patrol car in peacetime. RT850 is widely used by police and other departments all over the world.

In Hong Kong, it is used as a patrol car by the Traffic Department of the Police Force and as an ambulance motorcycle and light fire motorcycle by the Hong Kong Fire Services Department.

Interpretation of the general term of Hong Kong police

Hong Kong Police Force has a long history of 160 years. From the British occupation of 1842 to the return of 1997, the public has many common names for "police" ....................................................................................................

"Ying Ling"-a popular name for the police, comes from the title of "Royal Hong Kong Police Force" of the Hong Kong police before the handover.

"Sir"-the popular name of the police, is a special name left by the British for officers and teachers in the past.

"Flower waist" or "flower waist boy"-another common name in Hong Kong before the 1960s, was originally an ancient name of the police, which originated from the term of the Guangdong triad in the Qing Dynasty, because a colored cloth belt was tied around the waist of an official.

"Dispatch"-this is an ancient name, which China used to refer to official errands.

"Police"-this is a common name for "police" in Cantonese, which has a derogatory meaning, such as taxi driver and kitchen chef.

"Chapo"-ditto, is a common name for policewomen.

"loser"-the criminals of the older generation, the most common name is "pickpocket" who slanders the police, and "loser" is their "back language" after being arrested.

"Turtle"-Since 1980s, the juvenile underworld has slandered police officers in uniform because they wear a big hat that looks like a turtle's shell. They also slandered the law enforcement officers of Hong Kong Customs as "sea dogs".

"Black feet"-Before the 1980s, the underworld slandered police officers in uniform. Ordinary policemen in uniform used to wear a pair of black canvas leggings on their calves, so they were called "black feet". Twenty years ago, after the Hong Kong police canceled "foot binding", the name was cancelled.

Professional titles and grades of Hong Kong police

The Hong Kong Police Force has 28,695 disciplined personnel and 6,068 civilian staff.

Director-level police officer

Chief of Police (one)

Deputy Commissioner of Police (II), in charge of "Operation" and "Management".

Senior assistant directors (four), and deputy directors are divided into five departments under the leadership of senior assistant directors:

Chief Operating Officer

Director of Crime and Safety

Director, Personnel and Training Division

Director of supervision department

Director of Finance, Administration and Planning (a civilian at the level of Senior Assistant Director)

The Assistant Police Department (13) is divided into eight departments and six regions, and is under the command of the Assistant Police Commissioner.

Eight ministries:

* Business unit

Support department

:: Criminal Department

Security sector

ministry of personnel

* Training Department

:: Information Systems Department

Service quality supervision department

* The Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Planning and Development are under the command of the Civilian Commissioner.

Six regions:

Hong kong island area

Kowloon West Region

East Kowloon District

New territories north area

New territories south area

Marine police region

Superintendent officer

Chief Superintendent-usually the department or district commander.

Senior superintendent-usually the deputy commander of a department or area.

Superintendent-usually the head of the headquarters unit or the divisional commander

Inspector level police officer:

Chief inspector-usually the deputy head of the headquarters unit or the deputy commander of the district.

Senior Inspector-Unit Commander

Inspector-Unit Commander

Probation Inspector-Unit Commander

Other police officer levels:

Chief of Police-Team Commander, Team Deputy Commander

Sheriff-department command, vehicle command

Senior police officer-patrol officer

Officer-patrol officer

Police ranks of the Hong Kong Immigration Department:

Director, Deputy Director, Assistant Director, Senior Chief Immigration Officer

Chief Immigration Officer Assistant Chief Immigration Officer Chief Immigration Officer

Senior Immigration Officer Chief Immigration Assistant to Immigration Officer

Senior immigration assistant

World-class weapons and equipment

Military uniform department: Remington shotgun, AR- 15 rifle, Taser submachine gun and revolver of Shi Mifu and Wei Sen special gendarmerie.

Detective department: (CID): Special detective revolver.

Mobile troops: 38 Shi Mifu and Wei Sen N 10 revolvers, AR- 15 rifles, Remington shotguns, long and short tube tear gas guns, wooden bullet guns, tear gas sprayers and tear gas bombs.

Political Department (SB): Qute Factory. 38 caliber special scout revolver.

First-aid units: Shi Mifu and Wei Sen special revolvers, tear gas sprayers, Remington shotguns, long and short tube tear gas guns.

SDU: 9mm automatic pistol, German NP5 submachine gun, American Remington N700 long-range rifle (with infrared sight), NP5D submachine gun (with silencer) and "Thunderbolt" Grenade.

In addition, the new body armor now equipped by the Hong Kong police weighs only 1.3 pounds, which can resist 357 and 357 pounds. 44 "jungle" bullets and other big killers, worth HK$ 2,000-3,000.

In terms of transportation, the Hong Kong police have two S70 Black Hawk helicopters, two twin-engine planes with pulley propellers, an Islander plane, four firefly training machines and three dolphin twin-engine helicopters.

In terms of automobiles and communications, the equipment of the Hong Kong police is first-class in Asia in terms of quantity and advanced level.

special troops

"Police Tactical Unit": This is another name for PTU, which is a special group dealing with emergencies. When ordinary Hong Kong people saw a policeman wearing a blue hat, they knew it was unusual.

"Pink Force": It is another name for the internal security company of Hong Kong policewoman. It was established in 1992 and consists of 170 female police officers. Its role is to deal with some special situations, such as dealing with demonstrations and loving life, dealing with passive resisters and solving riots in Vietnamese boat people centers. Compared with male policemen, they have their own advantages.

Armored motorcade: The formation of armored motorcade is an important measure for the police to give full play to the maximum function of mobile force and improve the team's response ability when dealing with natural disasters, man-made disasters and other emergencies. Founded in 1970, the team has 14 multi-functional armored vehicles in Sarrasin and more than 30 players.

"Flying Tigers": This is a trump card of the Hong Kong police, mainly dealing with major terrorist activities and serious cases on the island and internationally. Police officers are one in a hundred, and all of them are skilled in martial arts, which makes criminal groups inside and outside the island quite a headache.

In addition, there are several small special teams in the Hong Kong Police Force, such as the "Water Ghost Team" which focuses on combating maritime crimes; "Airport Special Police Team" focusing on protecting airport safety; A "police dog team" focusing on cargo inspection, border patrol and searching for criminals and evidence; There is also a "save people with their mouths" group, which focuses on persuasion and negotiation.

Hong Kong Criminal Investigation Elite-O Ji

"O Ji" is a branch of the Crime Department of the Hong Kong Police Headquarters. The official name of "O Ji" is "Organized Crime and Triad Bureau" and the English abbreviation is "OCTB".

The so-called "O Record" is actually the common name of the Organized Crime and Triad Bureau, because the first English letter of the English name of this "Branch" is the word "O", and the staff of this unit is commonly known as "O Record" ... Later it was widely circulated, and the general news and newspapers called this unit "O Record". Together with the titles of movies and TV series on this subject, it becomes "O Record".

"O-Kee" is one of the criminal investigation units of the Hong Kong police at the "police headquarters level". Its main job is to investigate high-level organized crimes and criminal cases of underworld nature ... Therefore, this "sub-bureau" is called the "criminal investigation elite" of the Hong Kong Police Force.

Macao police

The police structure in Macao is different from that in Hong Kong. It has always been divided into public security police and judicial police. Here, we will introduce the Macao Police Force, and the security police with more than 3,200 policemen will make their debut.

The police station was established in 169 1, with a history of more than 300 years. After many changes, it is now under the jurisdiction of the Secretary for Security. In short, the Public Security Police Station is similar to the Hong Kong Police Force, and its goal is to prevent, investigate and crack down on crimes and ensure public order and social peace. The public security police station consists of different police departments, communication departments and special police teams. The management of immigration affairs is also the responsibility of the Immigration Bureau under the Public Security Police.

There are many departments under the bureau, which are responsible for different affairs. Among them, the Macao Police Force is responsible for the policing of the Macao Peninsula. This department has three superintendent's offices and one superintendent's office. The situation is like the five major regions of the Hong Kong Police Force, which are divided into several police stations. Each police station handles the general police work within its jurisdiction, and the incidents outside its jurisdiction are handed over to the relevant departments or headquarters for overall management. Is the Island City Police Department in charge of management? Police affairs in Caihe Green Ring District.

The uniforms of Macao public security police are basically the same. Members of the swat team will wear red berets, and different levels of police will be identified mainly by epaulettes. The most special thing is that different departments have different epaulettes. For example, the Macao police station uses a lighthouse as a sign, while the island police station uses a sailboat as a sign. The Ministry of Communications, the Special Police Team and the Immigration Department all have their own badges, so if you meet the police on the streets of Macao, you can know their units by looking at their epaulettes.

The ranks of the Macao Police Force are also different from those of Hong Kong. The highest rank of the police station is the police chief, followed by the police chief, superintendent, police chief, quasi-police officer, deputy police chief, trainee police officer and so on.

Macao judicial police

The development course of Macao judicial police station

On August 6th, 2009, the Australian and Portuguese governments promulgated DecreeNo. 2008/2009. 43 125, and set up a judicial police station in Macao, with the purpose of bringing together overseas investigation and pre-trial departments in order to crack down on criminal activities and maintain social order in the best mode according to the principles established by the Portuguese Constitution and the Criminal Procedure Law.

At that time, the Macao judicial police was led by an assistant inspector, who actually exercised the same power as the director or inspector of the Portuguese judicial police. This position is held by an experienced bachelor of law, or by a judicial officer of the procuratorate on a regular basis.

19711kloc-0/2, the Australian and Portuguese governments upgraded the former Macao judicial police station to a department level by decree. 430/7 1, the position of assistant inspector was abolished and replaced by director, and an inspector position was added in the office. The director of the judicial police station is appointed regularly by judicial officials of the procuratorate.

1975 February19, the Australian and Portuguese governments upgraded the Macao judicial police station to the Macao judicial police station by DecreeNo. 705/75. Administratively, the Macao Judicial Police is directly under the Governor of Macao, while the operation of criminal proceedings is guided by the Portuguese Attorney General.

In order to clarify the operation of the judicial police, the Macao Legislative Council promulgated Law 2005/ 1996. 19/79/m August 4th, 1979, which stipulates that the judicial police is the police department directly under the Governor of Macao, responsible for criminal investigation, crime prevention and assisting the judicial authorities, and receives the guidance of the procuratorate in criminal investigation, but has the right to file all cases that have not been prosecuted.

The director of the judicial police station is a judicial officer of the court or procuratorate, and Law No.2000 also stipulates the post of deputy director. Act 34/86/M, passed by Act 1986, requires the Governor of Macao to be appointed by a judicial officer of a court or procuratorate, a first-class inspector or a bachelor of laws who has been engaged in legal work for at least five years.

1999 12.20 with the return of Macao to the motherland, the judicial police department was renamed as the judicial police department, which was subordinate to the security department of the Macao Special Administrative Region, but was led by the procuratorate in criminal investigation. The qualifications of directors and deputy directors are the same as before the reunification.

Over the past 40 years, this criminal investigation department, whose statutory duty is to "prevent and investigate crimes and assist judicial authorities", has been expanded and reorganized for many times, and its responsibilities, establishment, resources and investigation ability have been continuously developed to adapt to the development of Macao society.

In the 2 1 century, in order to cooperate with the effective administration of the SAR government and ensure the long-term stability of Macao, the judicial police actively performed the duties entrusted by law.