Composition for the third unit of Chinese language published by the People's Education Press for the fifth grade

Introduce some items you are familiar with, such as vegetables, fruits, toys, stationery or electrical appliances, etc.!

Give you some information:

In terms of the nutrition and functions of watermelon, it is a diuretic and helpful for digestion. The water content in watermelon accounts for the vast majority, so eating watermelon can Speeds up metabolism, detoxifies and nourishes the skin. Since the toxins in the body can be excreted in time with the urine, metabolism will naturally improve. Watermelon contains vitamins A, C, B1, B2, etc., and it does not contain fat, so you will not gain weight if you eat it. So from this perspective, watermelon does have a weight loss effect on some people.

In addition to being thirsty due to lack of water in the hot season, the human body also consumes sodium chloride and water-soluble vitamins due to excessive excretion. Vitamin C can promote the absorption of oxygen by cells, reduce the body's response to high temperatures, and increase saliva secretion. In addition to containing up to 96.6% water, watermelon also contains 3 mg of vitamin C, 0.02 mg of vitamin B1, and 0.02 mg of vitamin B2 per 100 grams, so it has the effect of clearing away heat and quenching thirst. In addition, watermelon also contains phosphoric acid, tannic acid, fructose, glucose, amino acids, lycium base, tomato pigment, carotene, sucrase, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other ingredients useful to the human body. Patients with nephritis, liver cirrhosis and heart disease who suffer from edema can benefit from eating more watermelon. Slice the inner white skin and boil it in water, add an appropriate amount of sugar to make a refreshing drink that can relieve heat and quench thirst, and can prevent heatstroke.

Be careful when eating watermelon. Although the red and white part on the edge of the watermelon rind does not taste as good as the middle part of the watermelon, it has excellent medicinal effects and has a better weight loss effect.

Talk about the wonderful uses of watermelon

Watermelon is cold in nature and has the functions of clearing away heat and relieving summer heat, relieving irritability and quenching thirst, diuresis and lowering blood pressure. It can treat many febrile diseases caused by excessive heat and fluid damage. , the ancients called it natural white tiger soup. Watermelon is rich in sugar and vitamins. It can also clear away heat and dampness, so that the dampness and heat in the body can be relieved through urination.

Modern research has proven that the inorganic salts contained in watermelon juice and skin have diuretic effects; the glycosides contained have antihypertensive effects; and the proteases contained can convert insoluble proteins into Soluble protein. Therefore, it is very suitable for hepatitis patients and is a natural dietary "good medicine" for treating hepatitis.

On a hot summer day, eating a few pieces of watermelon is not only sweet and delicious, but also refreshing and thirst-quenching. No wonder watermelon is known as the king of summer fruits.

It is said that this melon was introduced to my country from the West during the Five Dynasties period, hence the name watermelon. Its nature is quite cold, so it is also called cold melon among the people.

Watermelon is not only good at quenching summer heat and quenching thirst, but is also very nutritious. Its juice contains a variety of nutrients needed by the human body. It is indeed a good food in midsummer. It is suitable for people who cannot eat in summer and are malnourished. , is particularly beneficial.

People often throw away the rind and seeds after eating watermelon. In fact, they also contain many nutrients. The melon rind contains invert sugar, and the melon seeds contain a large amount of fatty oil, most of which is linoleic acid.

The pulp, rind and seeds of watermelon can all be used as medicine. In the medical books of the past dynasties, there are many records about the medicinal use of watermelon. It is believed that it has many functions such as relieving summer heat, quenching polydipsia, diuresis, treating bloody diarrhea, treating laryngeal paralysis, and detoxifying alcoholism. Modern research has also proven that watermelon does have various functions such as relieving heat, diuresis, lowering blood pressure, and deworming, etc., and has a wide range of medical uses.

Watermelon is suitable for people with summer heat stroke, symptoms such as fever, irritability, thirst, and oliguria; or other acute febrile diseases, symptoms such as high fever, sweating, thirst, irritability, and painful urination. as auxiliary treatment. You can eat the melon flesh raw, drink the melon juice, or boil the watermelon rind in water. If you suffer from acute fever in other seasons, decoction of dried watermelon rind (drug name "Watermelon Cuiyi") is also effective.

To treat acute or chronic nephritis, you can drink concentrated watermelon juice made from melon pulp and rind; you can also use 30 grams of dried watermelon rind and 60 grams of fresh Imperata cognac roots to decoct and take it, which can achieve diuresis and reduce swelling. effect. To treat cystitis, you can also eat raw watermelon, or decoct 20-40 grams of watermelon rind every day, which can reduce symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination.

For patients with high blood pressure, eating watermelon is also beneficial. Watermelon seeds can lower blood pressure. Take 9-15 grams of watermelon seeds in a decoction and take it orally, or eat it raw, or stir-fry and chew it, which has a certain blood pressure-lowering effect.

The watermelon frost sold in traditional Chinese medicine stores is a white crystal produced by mixing watermelon rind and traditional Chinese medicine peel salt.

Blowing and applying it to the affected area can clear away heat and reduce swelling. It is suitable for acute pharyngitis and acute tonsillitis. It also has certain effects on mouth and tongue sores.

Folks also chop the watermelon rind, dry it in the shade and grind it into fine powder, then mix it with salt and wine, 9 grams each time, to treat sprains and low back pain. In addition, the shells and kernels of watermelon seeds have a certain effect in repelling roundworms and tapeworms.

Watermelon is also called cold melon among the people. Its fruit pulp is crisp and tender, sweet and juicy, and very nutritious. It contains a variety of vitamins, tomato pigments, sucrase, lycium, protein and various minerals (including iron, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, etc.) and other useful ingredients. In addition, watermelon juice is also extremely rich in glutamic acid, arginine, fructose, and malic acid, and its water content is as high as 96.6%, ranking first among all fruits. It is known as the "King of Summer Fruits" and is An important heat-relieving fruit in summer.

Watermelon is full of treasures and has very good medicinal value. There are also many records in ancient medical books, which believe that watermelon has many functions such as clearing away heat and relieving summer heat, quenching thirst, promoting urination, treating laryngitis, and detoxifying alcohol. Modern medical research has also shown that watermelon has various functions such as clearing away heat and relieving summer heat, diuresis, lowering blood pressure, deworming, and promoting appetite, etc., and has extensive medical value. Patients with high blood pressure, liver cirrhosis and heart disease who suffer from edema can benefit from eating watermelon in moderation. Fresh watermelon juice and tender melon rind can increase skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, add luster, and have cooling, anti-inflammatory, and nourishing and hydrating beauty effects.

Watermelon is a good fruit to prevent heatstroke in summer, but it also has taboos. Watermelon is a cold food and can easily hurt the spleen and stomach, so patients with spleen and stomach deficiency and loose stools should eat less; because watermelon is relatively cold, it is suitable for people with weak constitution, menorrhagia, chronic gastritis with indigestion, and the elderly. People who are weak should not eat too much. Otherwise, eating too much will easily damage the spleen and stomach, causing bloating, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Watermelon contains high sugar, so patients with diabetes should not eat it. Normal people should not eat too much watermelon, otherwise it will damage the spleen and stomach and cause indigestion or diarrhea. Heart failure Patients with nephritis or nephritis should not eat more watermelon to avoid increasing the burden on the heart and kidneys and aggravating the condition.

Warm reminder: Watermelon should be cut and eaten at any time. Do not store it for too long to avoid spoilage. It is best not to eat watermelon taken out of the refrigerator directly. Wait until the temperature of the watermelon rises before eating. Otherwise, it will be too cold and damage the spleen and stomach.

Juicy and sweet watermelon is a must-eat fruit every day in midsummer. However, not everyone can eat watermelon, and even those who can eat it must pay attention to scientific eating methods. There are some patients or situations where it is best not to eat.

1. Diabetes Watermelon contains about 5% sugar, mainly glucose, sucrose and some fructose, which means that eating watermelon will increase blood sugar. Normal people can maintain blood sugar and urine sugar at normal levels because they secrete insulin in a timely manner. People with diabetes are different. If you eat too much watermelon in a short period of time, not only will your blood sugar rise, but in severe cases, metabolic disorders may lead to acidosis, which can even be life-threatening. The amount of carbohydrates (sugar) that diabetics eat every day needs to be strictly controlled. Therefore, if you eat watermelon multiple times a day, you should reduce the amount of meals and flour products (carbohydrates) accordingly to avoid aggravating the condition.

2. Renal insufficiency Patients with renal insufficiency have a greatly reduced ability to excrete water from the body, so they often experience edema in the lower limbs or the whole body. If these patients eat too much watermelon, they will consume too much water and be unable to expel the excess water in time, resulting in excess water storage in the body and increased blood volume. This will not only aggravate edema, but also easily induce acute heart disease. exhaustion. Therefore, patients with renal insufficiency are advised to eat less or no watermelon.

3. The early stage of a cold. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that whether it is a cold with wind-cold or a cold with wind-heat, its initial stage is superficial syndrome, and divergent treatment methods should be adopted to allow the pathogenic factors to resolve from the surface. He also believes that attacking the symptoms before the symptoms are resolved will aggravate the condition. Watermelon has the effect of clearing away heat, so eating watermelon at this time will aggravate the cold or prolong its course.

4. Oral ulcers Oral ulcers are considered in traditional Chinese medicine to be caused by internal heat due to yin deficiency and excessive interference from deficient fire. Because watermelon has a diuretic effect. If people with oral ulcers eat more watermelon, too much water will be discharged for the recovery of oral ulcers, which will aggravate yin deficiency and internal heat, making the course of the disease prolonged and difficult to heal.

5. Postpartum Maternal physique is relatively weak. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that eating too much watermelon will cause excessive cold and damage the spleen and stomach.

6. It is not advisable to eat watermelon before or after meals because the large amount of water in watermelon will dilute the digestive juices in the stomach. Eating it before or after meals will affect the digestion and absorption of food, and eating a large amount of watermelon before meals will affect the digestion and absorption of food. It will also occupy the volume of the stomach, greatly reducing the intake of various nutrients during meals, especially having a greater impact on the health of children, pregnant women and nursing mothers. For people who want to lose weight through dieting, eating some watermelon before meals is a good way to reduce food intake.

7. Watermelon should not be eaten too much. Because watermelon is a "raw and cold food", anyone who eats too much will damage the spleen and stomach, leading to loss of appetite, indigestion, decreased gastrointestinal resistance, abdominal distension, and diarrhea.

8. Eat less iced watermelon. Although eating iced watermelon on a hot day is very effective in relieving heat, it is very irritating to the stomach and can easily cause damage to the spleen and stomach, so you should pay attention to the temperature and quantity of the delicious food. It is best to put watermelon on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. The temperature here is about 8-10°C. This temperature also has the best taste. Do not eat more than 500 grams at a time, and eat it slowly. People with dental caries (cavities), tooth allergies who feel soreness and pain when exposed to cold, and people with poor gastrointestinal function should not eat iced watermelon.

There are disadvantages to eating watermelon without spitting out the seeds

Relevant information shows that eating watermelon without spitting out the seeds may also cause abdominal distension, constipation, urinary retention, intestinal obstruction, etc., which should cause people to of attention.

The shell of watermelon seeds is hard and difficult to digest. When a large amount of watermelon seeds is eaten, the seeds gradually aggregate into clumps with intestinal peristalsis, leading to constipation, abdominal distension, and even intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, etc. .

According to the theory of eating, there is no need to eat watermelon seeds in the stomach, because they are tasteless and nutritious, and they are black and very hard, so they cannot be eaten at all.< /p>

The shell of watermelon seeds is hard and difficult to digest. When watermelon seeds are ingested and mixed with food, they can be excreted in the stool. When a large amount of watermelon seeds are consumed, after the watermelon juice is absorbed by the body, the watermelon seeds gradually aggregate into clumps with intestinal peristalsis, leading to constipation, abdominal distension, and even intestinal obstruction, urinary retention, appendicitis, etc. Therefore, when eating watermelon, parents should tell their children to spit out the seeds or scoop out the seeds before giving them to the children.

The shell of watermelon seeds is hard and difficult to digest. When watermelon seeds are eaten mixed with food, they can be excreted in the stool. When a large amount of watermelon seeds is consumed, after the watermelon juice is absorbed by the body, the watermelon seeds gradually aggregate into clumps with intestinal peristalsis, leading to constipation, abdominal distension, and even intestinal obstruction, urinary retention, appendicitis, etc. Therefore, when eating watermelon, parents should tell their children to spit out the seeds or scoop out the seeds before giving them to the children.

If the above situation occurs, don’t worry. You can give an enema with 400-600 ml of warm soapy water. Generally, it can be cured in one session. If that doesn't work, you can put your fingers into the anus to pick out the watermelon seeds or go to the hospital and use an anoscope to take them out.

Watermelon is rich in nutrients. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that watermelon is cold in nature and sweet in taste. It has the functions of clearing away heat and relieving heat, relieving irritability and thirst, and promoting urination. Therefore, it is the best fruit in summer. But there are some issues that need to be paid attention to when eating watermelon.

In the hot summer, eating watermelon can be considered a great pleasure. These days, although watermelon is available in all seasons, it is only in this season that people can eat it most heartily. People love to eat watermelon not only for its delicious taste, but also because it can cool and quench thirst, relieve summer heat and relieve troubles, making people feel comfortable. First of all, 94% of the watermelon pulp is water, as well as sugar, vitamins, various amino acids and a small amount of inorganic salts. These substances can most effectively supplement the water and nutrients needed by the human body in high temperature seasons; secondly, the intake The water and inorganic salts in the body are metabolized into urine, which can also take away excess heat and achieve the effect of clearing away heat and replenishing qi.

Li Shizhen described the benefits of eating watermelon in detail in "Compendium of Materia Medica". He said that watermelon is sweet, cold and non-toxic. It can diuretic, treat blood dysentery, relieve alcohol poisoning, and treat aphthous ulcers." Watermelon is also called "Shengsheng Baihu Decoction" in medical books. Baihu Decoction is an effective prescription in traditional Chinese medicine for treating high fever, polydipsia and other symptoms of excess heat. It is said that eating watermelon can achieve the effects of this prescription, which shows how much doctors attach great importance to it. .

From today's perspective, eating watermelon can be used as an auxiliary treatment for symptoms such as fever, thirst, oliguria, excessive sweating, and irritability that occur in summer heat stroke or other acute fever diseases.

In addition, the medicinal part of watermelon also includes the rind, which is called "watermelon green coat" by Chinese medicine. In fact, melon rind is far better than melon pulp in clearing away heat, diuresis and promoting fluid production, but not many people know about it. As long as the melon rind is slightly modified, it can become a rare summer dish. The simplest method is to peel off the rough green skin and remaining pulp on the outside, cut it into strips, and mix it with sesame oil, refined salt, sugar, and vinegar; it can also be stir-fried with onion, ginger, meat slices, etc., and drizzled with it. The thin gravy is used in the pot, and it has a pleasant fragrance. After tasting it, it will whet your appetite.

It should also be mentioned in detail that although watermelon is good, it is always a cold product. If people with weak body and weak stomach eat too much, it is easy to cause abdominal pain and diarrhea; it should not be mixed with Eat it with greasy food; if watermelon is eaten with warm food or drink, the cold and heat will not harmonize, which can easily make people vomit. After cutting the watermelon, you should eat it as soon as possible, otherwise its sweet and juicy flesh can easily become an ideal "culture medium" for bacteria. When eating watermelon stored in the refrigerator, be sure to leave it at room temperature for a while after taking it out. Eat again to avoid damaging your body.

1. Don’t eat too much, otherwise it will damage the spleen and stomach and cause pharyngitis.

Watermelon is a raw and cold product. Eating too much can easily damage the spleen and stomach. Therefore, those with spleen and stomach deficiency, indigestion, and loose stools should eat less. Eating more will cause abdominal distension, diarrhea, decreased appetite, and other symptoms. Accumulation of cold and dampness can lead to diseases. If you eat too much watermelon at one time, the large amount of water in the watermelon will dilute the gastric juice, causing indigestion and reduced gastrointestinal resistance.

2. Do not eat watermelon in the early stages of a cold.

Do not eat watermelon in the early stages of a cold, otherwise it will aggravate the cold or prolong the recovery time. Whether it is a cold with wind-cold or a cold with wind-heat, it is all superficial in the early stages. Treatments should be used to dispel the pathogenic factors from the surface. Watermelon is rich in nutrients. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that watermelon is cold in nature and sweet in taste. , diuresis and other effects, so it is the best fruit in summer. But there are some issues that need to be paid attention to when eating watermelon. 1. Don’t eat too much, otherwise it will damage the spleen and stomach and cause pharyngitis.

Watermelon is a raw and cold product. Eating too much can easily damage the spleen and stomach. Therefore, those with spleen and stomach deficiency, indigestion, and loose stools should eat less. Eating more will cause abdominal distension, diarrhea, decreased appetite, and other symptoms. Accumulation of cold and dampness can lead to diseases. If you eat too much watermelon at one time, the large amount of water in the watermelon will dilute the gastric juice, causing indigestion and reduced gastrointestinal resistance.

3. Don’t eat watermelon that has been opened for too long.

When the temperature is high, watermelons are prone to spoilage and breed germs if left open for too long. Eating them will lead to intestinal infectious diseases. Therefore, when eating watermelon, you should pay attention to choosing ripe and fresh watermelon.

4. People with renal insufficiency should not eat it.

Eating a large amount of watermelon in a short period of time will increase the water content in the body and exceed the physiological capacity of the human body. In patients with renal insufficiency, the ability of the kidneys to regulate water is greatly reduced, and excessive water entering the body cannot be regulated and excreted from the body, resulting in a sharp increase in blood volume and easy death from acute heart failure.

5. People with oral ulcers should not eat it.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the main cause of oral ulcers is internal heat caused by yin deficiency, which interferes with the deficiency of fire and burns the flesh and blood veins. Watermelon has a diuretic effect. If people with oral ulcers eat more watermelon, some of the normal water required in the body will be excreted through the diuretic effect of watermelon, which will aggravate the deficiency of Yin fluid. Yin deficiency will increase internal heat and aggravate oral ulcers.

6. Diabetic patients should eat less.

Watermelon contains about 5% sugar. Excessive consumption of watermelon by diabetic patients can also lead to increased blood sugar, increased urine sugar and other consequences. In severe cases, ketoacidosis and coma may occur. If you eat 25-50 grams of watermelon at a time, it will have little effect on people with diabetes, so people with diabetes should pay attention to the appropriate amount when eating watermelon. Method to treat. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that you should not attack the inside until the outside is resolved, otherwise the evil from the outside will enter the inside and worsen the condition. In the early stages of a cold, when the pathogenic factors are on the surface, eating watermelon is equivalent to taking medicine that clears away heat, which will attract the pathogenic factors into the cold, aggravating the cold or prolonging the cure time. However, when a cold worsens and symptoms such as high fever, thirst, sore throat, yellow and red urine occur, you can eat some watermelon while taking normal medicine, which will help the recovery of the cold.

Its nature and flavor are sweet, cold, and non-toxic.

The pulp contains protein, glucose, sucrose, fructose, malic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, sucrase, calcium, iron, phosphorus, crude fiber and vitamins (A, B, C), etc. The skin is waxy. Seeds contain fat, protein, vitamin B, etc. It has the functions of eliminating irritability and quenching thirst, relieving heat, treating laryngeal paralysis, relaxing the middle and lowering Qi, promoting urination, treating bloody diarrhea, detoxifying alcohol, and treating aphthous ulcers. Both the skin and pulp are diuretics and can treat nephritis, edema, diabetes, and jaundice; watermelon kernels can clear the lungs, moisten the intestines, and aid digestion; watermelon frost can be blown into the throat to treat sore throat; decoction of watermelon roots and leaves can cure diarrhea and enteritis; watermelon rind can be used to treat diarrhea and enteritis. Decoction of the green part instead of tea is a good refreshing drink for relieving summer heat. Watermelon rind (called watermelon green clothing in traditional Chinese medicine) can cure waist pain and sores on the lips. It is also reported that there is a substance in watermelon seeds that can lower blood pressure and relieve the symptoms of acute cystitis. The glycosides in watermelon also have the effect of lowering blood pressure. Therefore, people with high blood pressure and nephritis can use watermelon as dietary therapy.

Note: watermelon, a cold melon, is also called water melon, summer melon, and green melon. The pulp is used as fruit, and the fresh watermelon rind can be used as a side dish after being salted. The pulp, juice, seeds, skin, roots and leaves of the melon can be used as medicine. Watermelon can be eaten raw to relieve summer heat and is known as "Tian Sheng Bai Hu Tang". Folk proverb goes: "If you eat watermelon in summer, you don't need to take medicine." This shows that watermelon can prevent and treat a wide range of diseases. Eating watermelon in summer is very beneficial to the human body. However, since watermelon is a sweet and cold product, people who usually suffer from chronic enteritis, gastritis, duodenal ulcer disease, and people with TCM dialectical syndrome of spleen and stomach deficiency should eat more. People with cold pain or frequent urination should eat with caution. Normal healthy people cannot eat too much at one time, because too much water in the stomach will dilute the gastric juice, sometimes causing indigestion or diarrhea. At the same time, do not eat spoiled melons. People with renal insufficiency have poor body balance and regulation capabilities and should not eat a large amount of watermelon at one time. Excessive water retention in the body will increase the burden on the heart and kidneys. Children eating watermelon can not only get rich nutrition, but also help whet their appetite, aid digestion, promote urination, promote metabolism, relieve heat-related diseases, and nourish the body. The effect of watermelon is recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Quiets irritability, quenches thirst, relieves summer heat, treats laryngeal paralysis, relaxes the middle and lowers Qi, diuresis, cures bloody dysentery, and detoxifies blood." Modern medicine believes that: watermelon Juice contains protease, which can convert insoluble proteins into soluble proteins; glycosides have a blood pressure lowering effect.