Papers on Agricultural Machinery

In the process of transitioning from a planned economy to a market economy, the marketing systems of various industries have undergone profound changes. The agricultural machinery industry is a place where private enterprises dominate and show their talents. The following are what I recommend for everyone. Papers on agricultural machinery for your reference. Agricultural machinery thesis sample 1: Analysis of the impact of fuel consumption on agricultural mechanized production

The scale of agricultural production and the organization mode of operations are closely related to the fuel consumption of agricultural production. Large operations and a high degree of organization can reduce the number of machines and tools. Field transfers can reduce the idling time of machinery and equipment, which can effectively reduce fuel consumption during agricultural machinery operations.

1. The impact of operation scale on fuel consumption

The operating conditions of agricultural machinery in my country are relatively poor, and the small scale of agricultural machinery operation will also lead to an increase in fuel consumption of agricultural machinery. According to the analysis of survey data of agricultural machinery operators participating in cross-regional operations, the scale of agricultural machinery operations is closely related to the fuel consumption of agricultural machinery operations.

1. Analysis of influencing factors of mechanized farming fuel consumption

As for mechanized farming fuel consumption, in addition to being significantly related to the area of ??mechanized farming, it is also significantly negatively related to the area of ??cultivated land per worker, that is, the area of ??cultivated land per worker Increase, fuel consumption decreases. This shows that the expansion of farmland management scale can bring about a certain reduction in fuel consumption of mechanical farming. From the perspective of saving fossil energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, various forms of large-scale operations under market conditions should also be encouraged. The study found that terrain conditions have no significant effect on fuel consumption. This may be because the difference in fuel consumption between mechanized farming is not large between flat land and hills, or the current mechanized farming operations are mainly performed on flat land. The planting ratio of rice and corn has no significant impact on the fuel consumption of mechanized farming. This may be because there is little difference in fuel consumption in mechanized farming whether corn or rice is planted.

2. Analysis of influencing factors of machine sowing fuel consumption

As for machine sowing fuel consumption, in addition to being significantly related to the machine sowing area, it is also related to the average cultivated land area per worker and the rice planting area in crops. There is a significant negative correlation between the proportion of sown area, that is, as the area of ??cultivated land per worker increases, fuel consumption decreases. This still shows that the expansion of farmland management scale can bring about a certain reduction in fuel consumption for machine seeding. From the perspective of saving fossil energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, various forms of large-scale operations should be encouraged under market conditions. At the same time, because the fuel consumption per unit operating area of ??rice transplanters is much lower than the fuel consumption per unit operating area of ??dry crop mechanical sowing, the proportion of rice planting and the fuel consumption of mechanical sowing are also negatively correlated, indicating that compared with dry crops, the mechanical planting link of rice The fuel consumption per unit working area is lower than that of dry crops.

3. Analysis of influencing factors of machine-harvested fuel consumption

As for machine-harvested fuel consumption, in addition to being significantly related to the machine-harvested area, it is also significantly negatively correlated with the average cultivated land area per worker, that is, As the average cultivated land area increases, fuel consumption decreases. This shows that the expansion of farmland management scale can bring about a certain reduction in machine fuel consumption. From the perspective of saving fossil energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, various forms of large-scale operations under market conditions should also be encouraged. The impact of the scale of agricultural machinery operations on the fuel consumption of agricultural machinery operations is because farmers have small fields. At the same time, various reasons such as irregular land and shortage of tractor farming paths lead to excessive wasteful labor such as turning and transferring in the field during agricultural machinery operations. Agricultural machinery There is a lot of invalid use time in the work. According to research, a 0.5hm2 plot is about 200m long and 20m wide. When using a medium-sized tractor, 30% of the time is spent turning the field and transferring the plot, and the machine efficiency can only be 70%. For a 1000m long plot, turning and transfer time only account for about 10%, and the machine efficiency can reach 90%. At the same time, the scale of the operation is too small, so that the machine cannot operate at full load and the fuel utilization rate is low. For example: a farmer is allocated a plot of land 300m long and 6m wide. It needs to sow 10 rows of corn. After sowing with a 4-row corn seeder, there are only 2 rows left. The next time the seeder can only sow 2 rows, there are still 2 rows left. Take a trip and run back. When the seeder runs 4 times, only 2.5 times work, and 1.5 times are empty. In addition, the scale of the operation is small, and its decentralized operation and land division and fine crushing require the machine to consume more fuel to perform the same operation.

According to the survey, when a combine harvester harvests wheat from a large plot, the average fuel consumption per hectare is 24kg, while when a household uses a small plot, the average fuel consumption per hectare is 30kg, which is 20% higher. The average fuel consumption per hectare for rotary tillage operations on a large plot is 15kg, which is 15kg per hectare per household. The average fuel consumption per hectare of a small plot is 19.5-22.5kg, which is 30%-50% higher. In addition, the operating conditions of agricultural machinery in my country are also poor, with irregular cultivated land and poor supporting roads for mechanical farming. The difference in productivity and fuel consumption can be as high as 50% between working on a large, regular (rectangular field) and flat land and working on an irregular, uneven, small land. For example, if a plot of land about 100m long is integrated into a length of 400m, the effective utilization rate of medium-sized machine operations will be increased by 15%, and fuel consumption will be reduced by about 6%. In addition, there is a shortage of mechanized farming roads in our country, and field transfers often require detours. The road conditions are poor and the driving speed is slow, which also leads to increased fuel consumption.

2. The impact of organizational models on fuel consumption

According to the research data on agricultural machinery operation organizational models by the Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, the question of “whether to join a local agricultural machinery industry association or A variance analysis was conducted on the single factor "Agricultural Machinery Cooperative". It can be seen from Table 1 that under the same fuel unit price, there are significant differences in the average fuel costs of samples with different organizational models. Participants in the Agricultural Machinery Industry Association or Agricultural Machinery Cooperative Agricultural machinery households who participate are on average 4.05 yuan cheaper than those who do not participate. This shows that agricultural machinery households who join local agricultural machinery industry associations or agricultural machinery cooperatives can obtain agricultural machinery maintenance services, maintenance knowledge training and more communication opportunities provided by industry associations or cooperatives. Therefore, whether to join a local agricultural machinery industry association Or agricultural machinery cooperatives, that is, the organizational model of agricultural machinery operations affects the fuel costs per unit area of ??operation of agricultural machinery households. Agricultural machinery paper sample 2: Agricultural machinery promotion issues and countermeasures

Abstract:

As the rural population continues to shift to cities, there is a broader space for the development of agricultural mechanization. The agricultural machinery promotion department has a long way to go. It focused on analyzing the problems and shortcomings of modern grassroots agricultural machinery promotion work, put forward innovative work ideas, carried out test demonstrations, technical training, improved the professional quality of grassroots agricultural machinery personnel and other measures to ensure the effective implementation of grassroots agricultural machinery promotion work and achieve smooth agricultural mechanization work. Advance.

Keywords: agricultural machinery; extension; technical personnel

0 Introduction

Agricultural mechanization is one of the important means to relieve the shortage of modern rural labor force. As an important guarantee for orderly migration to cities and towns, the country is also vigorously promoting the mechanization of agricultural production. Policies and measures such as agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policies and new professional farmer training have effectively promoted the development of modern agricultural mechanization [1-2]. According to the requirements of the Agricultural Technology Extension Law, the establishment of national, provincial, city, county, township, and even village-level agricultural machinery extension agencies is the main way to develop agricultural mechanization. Because an applicable technology needs to be recognized by the masses in a region, it is necessary to increase the intensity of promotion work. The reality is that there are still many problems that need to be solved in the promotion of modern agricultural machinery at the grassroots level.

1 Existing problems

1.1 There is a mismatch between promotion funds and demonstration and promotion work

Grassroots agricultural machinery promotion work mainly consists of the introduction and testing of relevant agricultural mechanization technologies Demonstrations, publicity and training, and many other links, each of which requires a large amount of work funds. For example, the introduction of new machine tool technology requires organizing relevant technical personnel to conduct research on advanced, applicable, and safe machines in other places, and even requires the agricultural machinery promotion department itself to first Purchase for test demonstration. In the process of test demonstration, the problem of the test field must first be solved. To demonstrate and drive surrounding farmers, the extension department needs to have its own test field for test demonstration. In addition, relevant on-site demonstrations and machine operation training need to be organized every year. Meetings require a lot of work funds. At present, grassroots agricultural machinery promotion departments generally feel that their working funds are obviously insufficient and cannot meet the needs of promotion work.

1.2 The professional quality of grassroots technical personnel is not high

Due to the financial support of grassroots agricultural machinery promotion departments in many areas, there are still problems, staffing cannot be effectively implemented, and their wages cannot meet the reality. Social needs, in addition, their social status cannot be effectively reflected, and social recognition is not high. At the same time, the professional title evaluation in some places is biased towards those with high academic qualifications and multiple achievements. It is not tilted enough towards the grassroots and does not fully consider the actual situation of the grassroots, resulting in the evaluation of their professional titles. There are serious difficulties. These problems have greatly dampened the enthusiasm of grassroots agricultural machinery extension personnel, and there is a widespread phenomenon of low job satisfaction [3]. This kind of social status and salary make high-level talents reluctant to join the agricultural machinery promotion team. The existing personnel have problems such as slow updating of knowledge, aging personnel, lack of motivation to learn new technologies and new machines, and cannot meet the needs of the promotion work. Yes, there are serious problems with their professionalism and their academic qualifications are obviously low.

1.3 Infrastructure cannot meet the needs of promotion work

Effective promotion work requires a field, a vehicle, a classroom, and a set of equipment. This is the most basic configuration and also Required by the Agricultural Technology Extension Act. However, agricultural machinery promotion departments in many areas are not even sure of their fixed office locations. Not to mention the configuration of fields, cars, classrooms, and equipment. In many places, there are indeed some financial difficulties, but most of them still do not recognize the work of promoting agricultural machinery. They think that such work is not very important and can be queued back. The main reason is that on the one hand, the promotion of agricultural machinery needs to A large amount of investment in infrastructure, on the other hand, is not obvious in terms of effects. Many local governments cannot see the economic benefits, so their attention to them has dropped significantly, and their investment in infrastructure construction is obviously insufficient.

2 Countermeasures

2.1 Innovate work ideas and carry out experimental demonstrations

Experimental demonstrations are the sacred mission entrusted to the agricultural machinery extension department by the Agricultural Technology Extension Law and are important for the introduction of The practical test of the adaptability, safety and economy of new machines and new technologies is an effective way to use facts to motivate surrounding farmers to use new machines and new technologies. When conducting test demonstrations, due to the relative tightness of funds in some places , we can rely on the support of national agricultural science and technology projects, actively strive for national project funds, and use the fields of large agricultural machinery companies and cooperatives to carry out experimental demonstration work innovations. Large agricultural machinery companies are enthusiastic about using new machinery, and they also have ready-made fields for experiments. Demonstration [4-5]. Therefore, relying on the support of national agricultural science and technology projects and agricultural machinery cooperatives to achieve innovation in the working mechanism of experimental demonstrations is an effective measure to solve the current shortage of departmental work funds.

2.2 Expand work methods and organize technical training

Test demonstration is a main way to carry out promotion work, and organizing technical training is the most direct technology promotion work. At present, the office conditions in some areas are relatively tight. It is necessary to further expand the working mechanism, use existing teaching resources to reorganize resources, and ensure that there are venues and teachers for training. At present, many places have their own agricultural machinery schools; There are some classrooms and teaching equipment, as well as some teachers with rich training experience. Technical training can be carried out relying on some existing equipment in the agricultural machinery school. This solves the problems of teaching venues and teachers, realizes the reorganization of resources of grassroots agricultural machinery promotion departments and agricultural machinery schools, and effectively organizes and guarantees agricultural machinery technical training. At present, the country has relatively many professional quality training programs for farmers and basic agricultural machinery extension personnel. Grassroots agricultural machinery extension departments need to actively move closer to the agricultural department and actively seek support for relevant training projects. In this way, the corresponding training funds will be effectively solved , to ensure the quality of training work.

2.3 Improve the promotion capabilities of agricultural machinery promotion personnel

In view of the current low professional quality of grassroots agricultural machinery promotion personnel, it is necessary to continuously expand the training of grassroots agricultural machinery promotion personnel, at the national and provincial levels , The municipal level needs to increase business training for agricultural machinery promotion personnel at the county, township, and village levels to improve their professional quality, organize relevant training in a planned manner every year, and realize a cyclical and institutionalized training process, which can be used for several years Time to train grassroots technical staff in rotation. At the same time, the evaluation of professional titles is tilted toward the grassroots level to ensure that grassroots personnel have room for advancement and their enthusiasm for work, so that they will be more motivated to learn relevant advanced technologies and new machines and tools.

3 Conclusion

The main reason for the problems in grassroots agricultural machinery promotion work is that governments at all levels do not pay enough attention to the agricultural machinery promotion work and the recognition is not high. Therefore, as the agricultural machinery promotion department, it is necessary to We should start from our own reasons and reverse the society's misunderstanding of the industry. Specifically, we need to start from the key aspects of agricultural machinery promotion, innovate work ideas to carry out experiments and demonstrations, expand work areas and organize technical training, and also strengthen the construction of a team of professionals. , to ensure the quality and effect of promotion technology.

References

[1] Shen Peihuai. Macroeconomic control policy support should grasp the key points and solve difficulties: a brief analysis of countermeasures to solve the current situation of "big service" in my country's agricultural machinery circulation [C] The 9th China Agricultural Machinery Forum and the 7th Asian Agricultural Machinery Summit, the 9th National Agricultural Machinery Circulation Quality Service Commendation Conference, 2009 Agricultural Machinery Policy and Market Report Conference, my country Agricultural Machinery Industry Serving Agriculture, Rural Areas and Rural Strategies and Policy Research Symposium Proceedings, 2009:95-99 .

[2] Wang Kejun. Constructing a socialized agricultural machinery service system to promote the sound and rapid development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Discussing the construction of my country's agricultural machinery service system from the "golden service" strategy [C] The 9th China Agricultural Machinery Forum The 7th Asian Agricultural Machinery Summit, the 9th National Agricultural Machinery Circulation Quality Service Commendation Conference, the 2009 Agricultural Machinery Policy and Market Report, and the Collected Works of the my country Agricultural Machinery Industry Serving Agriculture, Rural Areas Strategy and Policy Research Symposium, 2009: 145-146.

[3] Zhang Lichun. Strengthen the promotion of agricultural machinery and promote the development of the agricultural machinery industry [J]. Agricultural Development and Equipment, 2015(9):58.

[4] Gao Hao. Under the new normal A brief analysis of agricultural mechanization promotion work [J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Mechanization, 2015(5):28-30.

[5] Tian Xiaoyu. Problems and countermeasures in grassroots agricultural machinery promotion work [J]. Agricultural Development and Equipment, 2014(11):22.

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