Problems with architectural terminology

1. Building area

The building area of ??a residential building refers to the horizontal area of ??the space enclosed by the outer wall of the building. If the building area of ??multi- and high-rise residential buildings is calculated, it is the The sum of floor area. The building area includes the available living area of ??the house, the area of ??the walls and columns, the area of ??the stairs and walkways, and other shared areas.

2. Usable area

The usable area of ??a residence refers to the sum of the net areas directly used by residents on each floor of the residence. Calculating the usable area of ??a residence can more intuitively reflect the use of the residence, but the usable area is generally not used to calculate the price in residential sales.

There are some special regulations when calculating the usable area: indoor stairs in loft houses are included in the usable area according to the total area of ??the natural floors; chimneys, ventilation ducts, and pipes are not included in the structural area. The wells are included in the usable area; the thickness of interior wall decoration is included in the usable area. Residential rents are calculated based on the area used.

3. Common area

The common area of ????a residential building refers to the public corridors, stairs, and elevator rooms set up in the residential building for residents to have convenient access, normal communication, and ensure life. , the total area occupied by the water tank room, etc. The construction area calculated by developers when selling commercial housing has the problem of apportioning the fair area.

4. Practical area

It is the balance of the "building area" after deducting the public apportioned area.

5. Living area

The living area of ??a residence refers to the sum of the net areas of the rooms on each floor of the residential building that are directly used by residents. The so-called net area refers to the horizontal area occupied by building components such as walls and columns (that is, the structural area) after excluding them. Generally used as an area indicator to measure the level of living.

6. Rent calculation area

As the area for calculating rent. In the reform of the housing system, unified regulations were made that residential buildings are calculated according to the use area, including bedrooms, living rooms, bathrooms, kitchens, corridors, stairs, balconies (closed ones are calculated as half), closets, etc. Non-residential buildings are calculated based on building area.

7. Floor area ratio

Floor area ratio is the ratio of the total building area to the building land area. For example, on a land of 10,000 square meters, there is a total building area of ??4,000 square meters, and its floor area ratio is 0.4.

8. Housing acquisition rate

The housing acquisition rate refers to the ratio of the building area within the apartment to the building area of ??the apartment (unit).

9. The building area in the suite = the usable area in the suite, the wall area in the suite, and the balcony building area.

10. The building area of ??the unit (unit) = the area of ??the construction team in the unit and the shared area of ??the public construction team.

11. Bay

In residential design, the width of a house refers to the actual distance from one wall to the other in a house. Because it is the width of a natural room, it is also called a bay. The bays of residential buildings generally do not exceed 3.0 to 3.9 meters, and the bays of brick-concrete structures generally do not exceed 3.3 meters. Specifying a smaller bay size can shorten the spatial span of the floor slab and enhance the integrity, stability and earthquake resistance of the residential structure.

Large-bay houses with a bay of more than 5 meters and a depth of more than 7 meters can provide residents with a living space of 40-50 square meters or even larger. Compared with small-bay houses with the same building area, the load-bearing The wall is reduced by half and the usable area is increased by 2, which facilitates flexible partitioning, decoration and transformation.

11. Depth

In architecture, it refers to the actual length of an independent house or a residential building from the front wall to the back wall. A house with a large depth can effectively save land, but in order to ensure that the built house can have good natural lighting and ventilation conditions, the depth of the house has certain requirements in the design and should not be too large. At present, the depth of a large number of urban residential rooms in our country is generally limited to about 5 meters and cannot be expanded arbitrarily.

12. The inner area of ??the suite

Commonly known as the "floor tile area". It is a concept of content space after deducting the buildings occupying space such as columns and walls based on the practical area.

There are rules to follow and it is profitable, attracting residents and institutions to invest in the housing rental market.

Public building area

The shared building area of ??commercial housing is mainly composed of two parts:

1. The construction area of ??public rooms and management rooms that serve the entire building such as elevator shafts, stairwells, garbage chute, transformer room, equipment room, public halls and corridors;

2. The separation between each unit and the public building space of the building and 50% of the horizontal projected area of ??the exterior walls (including gables).

3. Completed area

The completed area refers to the sum of the construction areas of each completed building. The completion of a house building should be a building that is fully completed in accordance with the design requirements and has passed the acceptance inspection.

4. Auxiliary area

The auxiliary area refers to the auxiliary area on each floor of the residential building that is not directly used for the living of residents. of indoor net area. Including hallways, kitchens, bathrooms, toilets, living rooms, storage rooms, etc.

5. ***Build area

Housing refers to the building area that is jointly occupied or jointly used by all property owners.

6. The total building area allocation coefficient

The ratio of the total building area of ??the entire building to the sum of the building areas of each set of the entire building , which is the total building area apportionment coefficient.

7. Sales area

Sales area refers to the sale of commercial houses by "units" or "units", and its sales area is the building area in the unit or unit purchased by the home buyer ( (hereinafter referred to as the sum of the building area within the suite) and the total building area to be apportioned.

8. Building density

Building density refers to the ratio (%) of the total base area of ??various buildings in the residential area to the residential area land. It can reflect a certain land use. The open space rate and building density within the scope.

9. Greening rate

The greening rate refers to the ratio of the greening area within the planned construction land of the project to the planned construction land area. For home buyers, it is better to have a high greening rate.

10. Green space rate

The green space rate describes the ratio of the sum of all types of green space within the residential area to the residential area land ( ). The "various types of green space within the residential area" referred to by the green space rate mainly include public green space, green space next to houses, etc. Among them, public green spaces include residential area parks, small amusement parks, group green spaces and other massive and striped public green spaces.

11. Floor height

Story height refers to the height of a residence measured in "floor" units. The height of each floor is required by the state in design. This height is called floor height. . It usually includes the distance from the lower floor surface or floor surface to the upper floor floor surface.

12. Clear height

The clear height refers to the net remaining value of the floor height minus the thickness of the floor slab.

13. Public building area apportionment coefficient

Divide the public building area of ??the entire building by the sum of the building areas of each suite in the entire building to obtain the public building area of ??the building Apportionment factor. That is, the public building area apportionment coefficient = the public building area/the sum of the building areas within the suite.

14. Practical rate

The practical rate is the ratio of the built-up area to the residential area, which is greater than the utilization rate. That is, the practical rate = the building area within the suite / the building area within the suite + the allocated ***useable building area

15. Standard floor

The standard floor refers to the floor plan Same residential floors.

16. Balcony

The balcony refers to a space for residents to carry out outdoor activities, dry clothes, etc.

17. Platform

Platform refers to the roof for residents to carry out outdoor activities or the part extending from the ground floor of the residence to the outdoors.

18. Corridor

Corridor refers to the horizontal traffic space used outside the residential suite.

19. Basement

The basement refers to a room where the height of the floor below the outdoor ground level exceeds 1/2 of the net height of the room.

20. Semi-basement

Semi-basement means that the height of the room floor below the outdoor ground level exceeds 1/3 of the net height of the room and does not exceed 1/2.

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21. Residential area land

Residential area land refers to the general term for four types of land: residential land, public building land, road land and public green space.

22. Residential land

Residential land refers to the land occupied by the residential building base and the land within a reasonable distance around it? A general term including green spaces between houses and paths between houses

23. Other land use

Other land use refers to various land uses within the planning scope except residential area land, which should include road land not directly provided for residents of the area, land for other units, Reserved natural villages or non-construction land, etc.

24. Land for public service facilities

Land for public service facilities is generally called public construction land. It is built corresponding to the size of the residential population and serves the residents. The land used for various facilities should include the building base area and its associated yards, green spaces and supporting parking lots.

25. Road land

Road land refers to residential area roads, community roads, group roads, and parking spaces for residents' cars and work commuter cars that are not provided by public buildings.

26. Public *** green space

Public *** green space refers to the recreational area that meets the prescribed sunshine requirements, is suitable for arranging recreational activity facilities, and is enjoyed by residents. Green spaces should include residential area parks, small amusement parks, group green spaces and other massive strip green spaces.

27. Road red line

Road red line refers to the planning control line of urban roads, including residential district-level road land.

28. Construction line

Construction line is generally called building control line, which is the control line at the base of the building.

29. Public building area

Public building area does not include any basements, carports, etc. that are rented or sold as independent spaces. Basements used as civil air defense projects are not included in public buildings. area. The general public building area is calculated according to the following method: the area of ??the entire building is deducted from the sum of the building areas of each unit (unit) of the entire building, and basements, carports, and civil air defense projects that have been sold or rented as independent spaces are deducted. The building area is the public building area of ??the entire building

30. Porch

The porch is where the first step is to enter the house. It is a buffer and transition area. The living room is the "territory" of the family, and a certain degree of privacy is important. Once the door is opened, there is a hallway blocking it, so outsiders cannot have an unobstructed view of the room. The entrance hall is generally connected to the hall. Due to the different functions, it needs to be divided by decoration means. When you go home, there should also be a place to put umbrellas, hang raincoats, change shoes, and put bags. Normally, the entrance hall is also a place for receiving emails and simply meeting guests.

31. Partition

Partition refers to a half-section of the facade that is used specifically to separate indoor spaces.

32. Aisle

Aisle refers to the horizontal traffic space used in residential units.

Residential area land

A general term for four types of land, including residential land, public building land, road land and public green space.

Residential land

A general term for the base area of ??a residential building and the land within a reasonable distance around it (including green spaces between houses and paths between houses, etc.).

Road land

Residential area roads, community roads, group roads and parking spaces for residents’ cars and work commuter cars not provided by public buildings.

Residential area (level) roads

Roads generally used to divide communities. In large cities, it is usually at the same level as the urban branch road.

Residential (level) roads

Roads generally used to divide groups.

Group (level) road

The road that connects the community road on the top and the alley between houses on the bottom.

Road between houses

The road between residential buildings connecting the entrances of each house.

Public green spaces

Recreational green spaces that meet the prescribed sunshine requirements, are suitable for arranging recreational activity facilities, and are enjoyed by residents should include residential parks, small Recreation gardens, group green spaces and other massive strip green spaces, etc.

Supporting facilities

A general term for public service facilities, roads and public green spaces that are constructed corresponding to the size of the residence or the population size.

Other land use

A variety of land uses within the planning scope other than residential area land should include road land not directly provided for residents in the area, other unit land, and reserved natural villages Or the land cannot be used for construction, etc.

Road red line

The planning control line for urban roads (including residential area roads).

Land for public service facilities

Generally known as land for public construction, it is land for various facilities that are built corresponding to the size of the residential population and serve and use the residents. It should include the land area of ??the building base and its associated yards, green spaces and supporting parking lots, etc. Such as nurseries, kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools, grain stores, vegetable stores, non-staple food stores, service stations, savings banks, post offices, neighborhood committees, police stations, etc.

Municipal public facilities land

Municipal public facilities land at the municipal, district and residential area levels, including their buildings, structures and management and maintenance facilities.

Uncompleted property

The word "uncompleted property" originated from Hong Kong and refers to unfinished buildings under construction. Generally speaking, selling an "off-the-plan property" is a pre-sale house, and buying an "off-the-plan property" is a pre-purchased house.

Actual sales area

Refers to the area of ??commercial housing that has been officially delivered to home buyers or a (formal) sales contract has been signed among the completed housing areas during the reporting period. It does not include the area of ??commercial housing that has signed a pre-sale contract and is under construction, but includes the area of ??commercial housing that has a pre-sale contract signed during the reporting period or before the reporting period and was completed during the reporting period.

Export sales (renting)

With the approval of relevant departments, the area of ??commercial housing sold (or leased) to overseas enterprises and individuals, including foreigners, foreign Chinese, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan .

Sales to individuals

Refers to the area of ??commercial housing actually sold to domestic private individuals. Excludes the portion of export sales to individuals.

Pre-sale area

Refers to the area of ??commercial housing under construction that has not been completed and delivered for use by the end of the reporting period, but a pre-sale contract has been signed. The area of ??commercial houses that are pre-sold during the reporting period and then transferred to formal or agreed sales during the reporting period should be included in the actual sales area and be counted as sales revenue.

Pre-sale area

Refers to the building area of ??commercial houses that have been completed for sale or rent at the end of the reporting period and that has not yet been sold or rented, including those completed in previous years and the area of ??houses completed in the current period, but does not include the area of ??houses that have been completed during the reporting period and cannot be sold or rented, such as demolition and reconstruction, unified construction, supporting buildings for public facilities, self-use of real estate companies, and turnover houses.

Unit housing

refers to a form of residential construction in multi-story, high-rise buildings. Usually there is only one staircase on each floor, and residents directly enter the door from the stair platform. Generally, 24 to 28 households can be arranged on each staircase in a multi-storey residence. Therefore, the control area of ??each staircase is also called a living unit.

Off-plan properties

It means that the commercial properties sold by real estate developers from the time when they obtain the commercial housing pre-sale license to the time when they obtain the real estate ownership certificate are called off-plan properties. Consumers should sign a commercial housing pre-sale contract when purchasing off-plan housing.

Existing houses

refers to commercial houses that consumers can move in immediately when they purchase them. That is, the developers have obtained the property certificate for the commercial houses sold. After signing the commercial housing sales contract, the applicant can check in immediately and obtain the property ownership certificate.

The starting price of commercial housing

refers to the lowest price among the sales prices of each floor when commercial housing is sold.

The average price of commercial housing

refers to the sum of the sales prices of commercial housing divided by the sum of the unit building area, which is the price per square meter.

Duplex commercial housing

It is an economical house that adds a mezzanine to the higher floor to form a two-story building.

Level-type commercial housing

It consists of upper and lower floors, bedrooms, living rooms, living rooms, bathrooms, kitchens and other auxiliary rooms, and adopts indoor-only Small stairs connect the houses.

Water view commercial housing

refers to houses built by water.

TOWNHOUSE

It is also called a townhouse. The correct translation should be urban residence, which is imported from Europe. Its original meaning refers to a house built along the street in an urban area. Civic urban housing.

Gray space

It was first proposed by Japanese architect Kisho Kurokawa. Its original meaning refers to the transitional space between the building and its external environment, in order to achieve the purpose of integrating indoor and outdoor, such as the colonnade and eaves at the entrance of the building. It can also be understood as the squares and green spaces around the building complex.

Commercial and residential housing

It is an extension of the soho (home office) residential concept. It is a residential type, but at the same time it incorporates many hardware facilities of an office building, especially the development of network functions, which enables residents to engage in commercial activities while living.

Clubhouse

It is a comprehensive high-end recreational, sports and entertainment service facility that mainly serves property owners. The software and hardware conditions of the clubhouse: Recreation and sports facilities should include swimming pools, tennis or badminton courts, golf practice halls, bowling alleys, gyms and other entertainment and fitness venues; Chinese and Western restaurants, bars, cafes and other social venues for dining and hospitality; they should also It has Internet cafes, reading rooms and other service facilities. The above are generally open to owners for free or for a small fee.

Exterior bay windows

Refers to the rectangular or trapezoidal windows of the house that protrude to the outside. The windows are made of glass on three sides, allowing people to have a broader field of vision and experience nature and nature to a greater extent. Close to nature, it usually has a low window sill or even a floor-to-ceiling window.

Insulated glass

Insulated glass is an innovation of traditional single-glass doors and windows. It is a new glass processing technology in the production of modern doors and windows. It consists of two or more layers of glass. Sealing combination, but the most important thing is that a vacuum or gas (such as adding inert gas) state must be formed between the two layers of glass, so it is called "insulating glass". The use of this technology improves the sound insulation, heat resistance, sealing, and safety performance of doors and windows. are greatly improved.

Basic price

The basic price per square meter of commercial housing determined through accounting. The sales price of commercial housing is generally calculated by adding or subtracting floors based on the base price and looking at the price difference.

Average price

The average price per square meter is obtained by adding the sales price of each unit and dividing the sum by the sum of the unit building area. The average price is generally not the sales price, but there are exceptions. Some time ago, a high-rise property launched "sales at a uniform price of 2,800 yuan/square meter regardless of floor and orientation." That is, the average price is used as the sales price, which is also an eye-catching marketing Strategy.

Seven connections and one leveling

(Cultured land)

It means that after the land (raw land) has passed the first-level development, it will be equipped with water, rainwater, sewage, The conditions of electricity, heating, telecommunications and road access as well as the flat site enable secondary developers to quickly develop and construct after entering the site.

Three connections and one leveling

(Pure land)

It means that the land has the conditions for water supply, rainwater, sewage and road access and the site is flat.

Five Certificates

When pre-selling commercial housing, real estate developers should possess the "Construction Land Planning Permit", "Construction Project Planning Permit", "Construction Project Start Certificate", "State-owned Land Use Certificate" and "Commercial Housing Pre-Sale License", referred to as the "Five Certificates". Among them, the first two certificates are issued by the planning department, the "Start of Construction Certificate" is issued by the construction department, and the "State-owned Land Use Certificate" and "Commercial Housing Pre-Sale License" are issued by the land and resources department and the Housing Administration Bureau.

Serviced apartments

refers to apartments that provide hotel-style management services. Started in 1994, it means "hotel-style service, apartment-style management" and has a high market positioning.

It integrates the functions of residence, hotel and club, and has two functions: "self-use" and "investment". In addition to providing various services of a traditional hotel, it is more important to provide guests with a family-style living layout and home-style services to make people feel at home.

RUN smart home wiring system

It is a physical network system based on international standards, with TIA/EIA 570A as the core, and supports families and communities on a per-household basis. All weak current (telephone, computer, video, BA) applications in the system are composed of twisted pairs, coaxial cables, optical fibers and connection accessories. All connections are terminated at communication sockets and panels distributed in each room, and can Simply and automatically connect related equipment, such as computers, TVs, faxes, anti-theft alarm systems, etc., to provide a safe and comfortable living environment for every member of the household.