What issues should be paid attention to during winter construction?

What issues should be paid attention to during winter construction?

Technical measures for winter construction on the east bank of the river

The projects of our project department that have entered winter construction mainly include earthworks and concrete projects . In order to ensure the quality of winter construction and strengthen the management of winter project construction technology, these measures are specially formulated.

1 Winter Construction Meteorological Data

According to the PRC industry standard "Winter Construction Regulations for Construction Projects" (JGJ104-2011), the winter construction period division principle: According to the local industry standards for many years According to meteorological data statistics, when the outdoor daily average temperature is stable below 5℃ for 5 consecutive days, and the temperature is below zero within 1 day, winter construction will begin; when the outdoor daily average temperature is above 5℃ for 5 consecutive days, winter construction will be terminated.

2 Basic Principles

2.1 The principle of preparation is to ensure the quality of the project, be economical and reasonable, and indeed shorten the construction period. Measures include: construction projects; construction methods; site layout; winter construction progress plan; supply plan for equipment, materials, energy, and tools; safety and fire prevention measures; temperature measurement system and quality inspection system, etc. After the measures are formulated, relevant personnel should be organized to study, hold meetings to implement them, and report to the construction team. Meeting minutes and technical briefings must be kept on file.

2.2 Our project department carefully listens to the weather forecast, monitors the temperature at the project site, grasps the temperature changes, communicates meteorological information in a timely manner, and makes daily records, and has technical measures and material preparations to deal with sudden drops in temperature.

2.3 Before winter, our project department established a winter construction leadership group, and supervised the on-site technicians, construction workers, material workers, testers, and team leaders, thermometers, welders, and additional workers of the main types of work. Personnel such as agent blending and high-altitude operations will undergo winter training to master the necessary technical work, operating points and safety awareness, and work with certificates. and inspect winter construction preparations.

2.4 Winter construction must strictly implement the "Construction Project Quality Management Regulations", "Concrete Structure Design Specifications" (GB50010-2010) and "Construction Project Winter Construction Regulations" (JGJ104-2011).

Before the 2.5 winter construction, our project department clarified the technical leaders of each branch and sub-project and their job responsibilities, and made a technical briefing on the winter construction, clarifying the specifications and technical specifications for each process. Measures to organize construction.

2.6 All antifreeze or composite admixtures used in our project department for winter construction must strictly implement the quality certification system. It must have a product quality certificate and a technical appraisal certificate at or above the provincial, autonomous region, or municipality level. It must be tested by a statutory testing agency before it can be used. Products that fail or have substandard quality shall not be used in the project.

2.7 All materials and devices used for winter construction must meet the requirements of the construction progress. Temporary facilities and heat sources should be completed before winter, otherwise winter construction shall not be carried out.

2.8 The water pipes and faucets used in the construction of the project department must be wrapped with insulation materials, and mechanical devices such as mixers and winches must have insulation sheds set up.

2.9 Safety personnel are responsible for the safety technical briefing during winter construction. Safety management of operations at heights must be strengthened to curb falling accidents from heights. Stop outdoor operations when encountering severe weather such as strong winds, heavy fog, or heavy snow. Safety measures such as anti-freezing, anti-skid, anti-falling from heights, anti-poisoning, anti-leakage and electric shock, and anti-flammability and explosion prevention shall be implemented on-site.

3 Winter Construction Preparations

3.1 Organizational Preparations

Our project department has established a management organization headed by a project manager. The project manager is responsible for the winter construction projects under his management. Be specifically responsible for project quality and production safety, and implement various responsibility systems and winter technical measures.

Strengthen construction organization and management, establish and improve the winter construction job responsibility system, safety production responsibility system and safety production education and training system, and implement them for everyone.

3.2 Technical preparation

Before the winter comes, our project department organized relevant personnel to conduct technical briefings in strict accordance with the requirements of the "Technical Measures for Winter Construction" and put forward a winter construction plan to ensure the construction quality. Be prepared.

3.3 Personnel Education

Before winter construction, our project department conducted winter construction training and education for construction personnel based on winter construction technical measures and relevant specifications, especially for personnel with special types of work. The training will enable winter construction personnel to be well aware of the technical points, safety and fire prevention precautions of winter construction, and ensure the normal progress of winter construction.

Branch winter construction leading group:

4 Winter construction technical measures

4.1 Earthworks

Winter filling construction should be carried out in The ice, snow and insulation materials on the base must be cleared before construction; soil containing frozen soil blocks shall not be used to fill within 100cm of the surface of the fill slope; the entire upper part of the fill should be backfilled with unfrozen or well-permeable soil.

When backfilling the earthwork during winter construction, the thickness of each layer of soil should be reduced by 20 to 25% compared with normal temperature construction. It should be 200mm empty and then compacted.

4.2 Steel bar engineering

4.2.1 Under negative temperature conditions, the mechanical performance of steel bars changes and becomes cold brittle. Therefore, during winter construction, care should be taken to prevent steel bars from being damaged during transportation and processing. Defects such as impacts and scratches. When welding steel bars under negative temperature conditions, we should try to arrange it indoors. If welding must be done outdoors, the construction temperature should not be less than -20°C, and the joints that have not been cooled after welding should be insulated and are strictly prohibited from being exposed to ice and snow.

4.2.2 The cold drawing temperature of steel bars for straightening should not be lower than -20℃, and the tensile drawing temperature of prestressed steel should not be lower than -15℃. When the ambient temperature is lower than -20°C, HRB335 and HRB400 steel bars must not be cold-bent.

4.2.3 For negative temperature flash butt welding, when the end face of the steel bar is flat, preheated flash welding should be used; when the end face of the steel bar is uneven, the flash → preheat → flash welding process should be used.

4.2.4 For negative temperature arc welding, the correct welding lead should be selected. Defects such as overheating burns, meat bites, and cracks should not occur during welding. The structure should not produce eccentric pressure at the joints.

4.3 Concrete Project

4.3.1 Silicate cement or ordinary silicate cement should be used for concrete configuration. When steam curing is used, slag silicate cement should be used. The minimum cement content of concrete should not be less than 280kg/m3, and the water-cement ratio should not be greater than 0.55. .

4.3.2 The aggregates used for mixing concrete should be clean and should not contain ice, snow, frozen blocks and other substances that are easy to freeze and crack. In concrete mixed with antifreeze agents containing potassium and sodium ions, active aggregates and materials mixed with such substances in aggregates must not be used to avoid alkali aggregate reactions.

4.3.3 The selection of admixtures for concrete construction in winter should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Technical Specifications for the Application of Concrete Admixtures" (GB50119). For non-heated curing concrete construction, the selected admixtures should contain air-entraining components or be mixed with air-entraining agents, and the air content should be controlled at 3.0-3.5.

4.3.4 When chlorine salt antifreeze is mixed into reinforced concrete, the amount of chlorine salt added shall not be greater than 1.0 of the mass of cement. Concrete mixed with chlorine salts should be vibrated and compacted, and steam curing should not be used.

4.3.5 The heating of concrete raw materials, the mixing, transportation, pouring and maintenance of concrete should be carried out thermal calculations in accordance with the requirements of Appendix A of "Winter Construction Regulations for Construction Projects" JGJ104-2011, and should be based on This construction. When mixing concrete, heating water should be used first. The heating temperature of water and aggregate should be determined based on thermal calculations to ensure that the mold entry temperature of the concrete is not lower than 5°C. The concrete mixing time is longer than that at normal temperature.

4.3.6 In addition to leaving the concrete test blocks in accordance with the construction acceptance specifications, no less than two sets of test pieces should be added to be maintained under the same conditions as the structure.

4.3.7 When commercial concrete is used, the project department should propose to the manufacturer performance technical index requirements such as strength grade, slump, setting time, concrete molding temperature, early strength agent and antifreeze agent. When supplying concrete, raw material certificates should be provided, including relevant technical indicators, chloride ions, alkali content, etc.

4.3.8 The project department that uses commercial concrete should contact the concrete mixing station, and the concrete mix ratio should be re-tried according to the winter construction requirements. Concrete transportation and machinery should be insulated or equipped with instant heating devices. Before pouring the pumped concrete, the pump pipes should be insulated and the mortar of the same proportion as the construction concrete should be used for preheating.

4.3.9 Concrete curing method: After concrete is poured, the surface of the concrete should be covered with plastic sheeting and insulated with blankets. The insulation material should not be wet. The insulation thickness at opposite edges and corners should be increased to 2 to 3 times that of the surface. During maintenance, it should be protected from wind and water loss, and temperature and temperature measurements should be recorded.

4.3.10 The stacking, transportation, hoisting, wiring and correction of precast concrete components shall be strictly carried out in accordance with the winter construction regulations.

4.3.11 Concrete pouring records: atmospheric temperature measurement records, weather conditions, raw material temperature, concrete out of the tank and into the mold temperature, maintenance environment temperature (such as greenhouse), concrete temperature, admixture types and mixing Quantity, test strength of cured test blocks under the same conditions, critical age, maturity calculation, thermal calculation, construction log, etc.

4.3.12 If the temperature is lower than minus 5 degrees for 3 consecutive days during the pouring of concrete, the concrete grade will be increased by one grade to ensure the strength of the concrete.

5 Safety Measures for Winter Construction

5.1 Educate employees on fire prevention, explosion prevention, freeze protection, wind protection, anti-skid, electric shock prevention, and poisoning prevention during winter construction.

5.2 Strictly implement the fire regulations for winter construction. It is strictly prohibited to light fires for heating in flammable and explosive places such as woodworking sheds. Indoor heating and engineering heating should be managed by dedicated personnel. No random ignition of fires is allowed at the construction site. Since the project requires keeping warm and lighting fires, a fire permit will be issued after inspection by the project safety officer.

5.3 Scaffolding and ladders should be cleared of snow in a timely manner and have anti-slip measures. People who work at heights should hang up safety ropes and dress smartly.

5.4 After thawing, promptly check whether the scaffolding has sunk and repair it in time.

5.5 Install snow-proof awnings on power switches, control boxes and other facilities, strengthen line inspections to prevent leakage, and install electric shock protectors.

5.6 Strengthen maintenance of large machinery, inspect to meet winter construction needs, and promptly inspect the electrical transmission parts of tower cranes.

5.7 After using the steel bar butt welding machine, the cooling water must be drained. What should we pay attention to during winter construction of cover beams?

Pay attention to high-altitude anti-skid,,,, concrete insulation work, etc.,,,,,,,,,, What should we pay attention to when constructing concrete in winter?

Let me put it in general terms, but I haven’t been clear about it for a long time:

1 First of all, you need a certificate. The temperature of the concrete when it comes out of the machine cannot be lower than 10 degrees, and the temperature of the concrete when it enters the mold cannot be lower than 5 degrees. The above requires that the concrete mixer truck should be equipped with an insulation belt, and the aggregate should be heated first.

2 Pay attention to the occurrence of false setting, because cement is prone to false setting during contact with high-temperature water.

3 If you need to use concrete antifreeze in the north, generally use antifreeze at minus 5 degrees or minus 10 degrees.

4 Concrete maintenance is very important, and surface coverage must be carried out.

That’s all I remember. What issues should be paid attention to during winter construction?

The first thing is safety, mainly thermal insulation and anti-freeze. Winter construction also depends on what kind of project it is, whether it is civil construction or house construction. Different building constructions have different requirements for winter construction

1. Winter construction of steel bar projects

The temperature in winter is cold and windy.

Under negative temperature conditions, the mechanical properties of steel bars can undergo significant changes: the yield point and tensile strength increase; the elongation and impact toughness decrease, and the brittleness also increases. After the steel joints are welded in winter, the toughness in the heat-affected zone will also be reduced. If the welding process is not mastered well, the plasticity and toughness of the steel bars will decrease, and the overall performance will deteriorate; if the welded joints cool too quickly or come into contact with ice and snow, they will also It will produce hardened structure in the joint and affect the use of steel bars.

The main issue that needs to be considered during winter construction of steel bar projects is the negative temperature welding of steel bars.

There are three types of steel joints in the basement of this project: straight thread connection,

welding and lap joint. Under winter construction conditions, negative temperature welding is particularly important.

The following technical measures are planned to be adopted for negative temperature welding of steel bars in this project:

①. The steel bar welding is arranged indoors (steel bar butt welding workshop). The steel welding workshop is enclosed on three sides, and the top is covered with metal tiles to prevent rain, snow and wind (the gap is the leeward side);

②. Preheating-flash welding process is used for steel bar butt welding. Before starting the flashing process, contact the steel bars several times to increase the temperature of the steel bars, which is beneficial to the smooth progress of the flashing process. During butt welding, the stretch length of the steel bar is increased by 10, the transformer level is reduced by one, the contact pressure during preheating is appropriately increased, and the preheating interval time is also appropriately extended;

③. The joints after butt welding of steel bars are covered with rock wool (or lime powder) for insulation to cool them slowly and avoid immediate contact with ice and snow;

④. During the processing, transportation and binding of steel bars, care should be taken to prevent impacts and scratches from damaging the original effectiveness of the steel bars;

⑤. Steel bars stacked in the open air should be covered to prevent freezing on the surface. Before pouring concrete, clear the snow and ice on the surface of the steel bars; enter the next construction process as soon as possible after the steel bars are tied and formed.

2. Winter Construction of Concrete Project

The total amount of concrete constructed in the winter phase of this project is about 14,200 cubic meters, of which

the concrete with anti-permeability requirements is about 8,000 cubic meters meters, because concrete has a high strength level and is required to be early-strength, anti-freeze, and impermeable, special measures should be taken during construction to meet the above requirements.

During winter construction of concrete projects, the main problem is that the concrete may suffer freezing damage. Under normal circumstances, there are two situations when concrete is frozen at negative temperatures:

①. Concrete that has hardened and reached a certain strength is frozen;

②. Newly poured concrete suffers early freezing.

Concrete that has hardened and reached a certain strength (above critical strength) can

withstand more than one freeze and thaw without damaging the concrete structure. This kind of concrete is allowed to be frozen. Although the cement is not completely hydrated, it has shifted to positive temperature curing by relying on its own heat of hydration. The cement will increase in strength as it continues to hydrate.

There are two situations when newly poured concrete is frozen in the early stage:

①. After the concrete is poured and before initial setting, the concrete freezes quickly, and the cement has no time to harden, and the strength before freezing is zero;

②. After the newly poured concrete is initially set, the cement is in a slow hydration and gelling period, and its strength also slowly increases. If the temperature continues to drop, the concrete will suffer frost damage.

Therefore, in the winter construction of concrete projects, in order to prevent the concrete from being

frozen early, the main measures taken are to heat and insulate it, strengthen its maintenance, and mix in appropriate varieties of Admixtures. To this end, corresponding requirements will be put forward for concrete mixing stations, and appropriate measures will be taken at the construction site to protect concrete from freezing damage.

(1). Requirements for concrete mixing stations

Concrete mixing stations should have corresponding qualification levels and should have the conditions for winter construction. All materials used in mixing concrete should be kept at a positive temperature. In order to reduce the heat loss of concrete during transportation, the concrete mixing station should be located close to the construction site.

A. Requirements for concrete raw materials

Cement: Priority is given to ordinary silicate cement with a large heat of hydration, and the label

should be above 425# ;

Sand: It is required to use medium-coarse sand with a fineness modulus between 2.4 and 2.9.

The mud content is required to be less than 3, and its sieve distribution curve should meet the requirements;

Stones: It is required to use continuously graded stones with a particle size of 5-35mm,

to facilitate pumping. The compressive strength of the gravel is required to be more than 1.5 times the strength level of the concrete

soil, and the mud content is required to be less than 1;

Admixture: According to the drawing requirements, choose CEA-B type Composite expansion agent

(antifreeze type) requires its alkali content to be less than 0.24kg/m3, and its minimum resistance to low temperatures of -15°C.

The sand, stone quarry and cement warehouse of the concrete mixing station should have an indoor environment to avoid being invaded by ice and snow, causing the particles to freeze or the moisture content and mud content to exceed the standard.

B. Requirements for the weighing system

Because the content of each component material of concrete is strictly controlled, especially the amount of admixtures has a direct and direct impact on the comprehensive performance of concrete. Decisive influence, so the automatic weighing system of the concrete mixing plant should be accurate, reliable, and calibrated at least once a week.

C. Thermal requirements

All materials used in concrete mixing should be kept at a positive temperature. The temperature of concrete can be appropriately increased by heating water

. You can also consider heating sand, stone, etc. (note: direct heating by flame is not allowed); cement must not be heated and must be placed in the greenhouse memory.

The mixing water and sand and gravel aggregate shall not exceed the temperatures listed in the following table:

Cement type mixing water (℃) Aggregate (℃)

Ordinary silicate cement below 525# 80℃ 60℃

Ordinary silicate cement above 525# (including 525#) 60℃ 40℃

D. Stirring requirements

①. The aggregates used to make concrete must be clean and must not contain impurities, frozen matter such as ice and snow, minerals that are easily cracked by freezing, and must not contain reactive aggregates;

②. The admixture is prepared into a solution by a dedicated person, and the dosage is strictly controlled;

③. Strictly control the water-cement ratio of concrete (not greater than 0.6). The moisture brought by the aggregate and the moisture contained in the admixture itself should be deducted from the mixing water;

④. Before mixing, rinse the mixer with hot water or steam first, and the mixing time is 30-50 minutes longer than normal temperature;

⑤. When stirring, add hot water first, then add aggregate and cement. It is forbidden to heat water and cement first and then add aggregate;

⑥. The exit temperature of the concrete mixture should not be lower than 20°C, but should not be higher than 35°C to prevent false setting of the cement due to excessive temperature;

⑦. The molding temperature of concrete should not be lower than 10--15℃.

E. Transportation requirements

①. The location of the concrete mixing station should be close to the construction site, and a reasonable route should be chosen to shorten the transportation distance as much as possible to avoid excessive heat loss;

②. Mixer trucks transporting concrete should be insulated and the surface should be covered.

What should you pay attention to when constructing real stone paint in autumn and winter?

What should you pay attention to when constructing real stone paint in autumn and winter?

Storage of materials:

Materials should be stored at a temperature that is not low. In an environment of 0 degrees;

When storing, use wooden mats under the packaging barrels to avoid direct contact with the ground and freezing;

Construction environment climate:

The temperature during construction should not be lower than 5 degrees, and within 8 hours after construction is completed, the temperature should not be lower than 0 degrees (it will affect the film quality);

Before construction, ensure the dryness of the wall and ensure the base surface There is no moisture or condensation;

During high-rise construction, special attention should be paid to wind speed. In strong winds above level 4, real stone paint spraying operations should be avoided;

Starting time, 9:00 in the morning From now on, we will finish work at 3:00 pm. What should we pay attention to when decorating in winter?

In winter, floor tiles and ceramic tiles must be soaked in water before being laid, and the moisture must be saturated. Only in this way, the bonding with the cement will not be weak due to the absorption of slurry water, resulting in hollowing and falling off. In addition, whether it is wall tiles or floor tiles, they need to be moved from outdoors to indoors for 24 hours before they can be laid when they have adapted to the indoor temperature to avoid hollowing and falling off after construction; bricks should be jointed in time after they are laid.

Decorative panel cracking

After the decorative panel is transported to the construction site, the floating dust should be wiped off with a dry towel, and the back cover should be painted twice with varnish. All decorative panels should be laid flat, with a large core board at the bottom and a large core board on top. They should not be placed upright, so as to prevent the panels from cracking and warping.

Wall cracking

If you apply paint before the putty is completely dry, the wall will easily "sweat" and even crack in large areas. Always open windows for ventilation, preferably in the morning. Between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. The temperature is relatively high during this period, which can prevent the new batch of putty from freezing. After the first coat of putty is completely dry, apply a second coat of putty. After the second coat of putty is completely dry, sand it carefully with sandpaper.

Gypsum line cracking

When carrying out gypsum board ceiling work, the moisture content of the wooden keel must be controlled below 12, and the keel must be firm and not loose at all, so that Can prevent drywall ceiling cracks. Leave a gap of about 0.5 cm between the gypsum boards and the joints between the gypsum boards and the wall. Use gypsum powder and latex to mix and fill the gaps. Then double-paste the kraft paper and apply putty to prevent gypsum lines. cracking.

The paint effect is not good

If you encounter strong winds and cooling weather, it is not suitable to carry out oil work, because the wind and sand are strong in winter, and the paint and paint are easy to adhere to dust when they are not dry, so you should pay attention Choose a windless weather for painting, and ensure that the ambient temperature when applying paint is not lower than 5 degrees Celsius, and the ambient temperature when applying varnish is not lower than 8 degrees Celsius. Apply strictly according to the temperature in the product instructions. To prevent sand from settling on the painted surface, keep doors and windows tightly closed.

Improper seams

When decorating in winter, the seams of doors and windows should not be too small to avoid tightness due to thermal expansion in summer and lax closing. When laying solid wood flooring, expansion joints of about 2 mm should be left around. When making furniture, it is also necessary to leave an interface seam of about 0.1 mm. The joints between the floor and the wall should be transitioned with floor battens, which can be better handled. Disadvantages of excessive gaps between wall and floor. What issues should be paid attention to in summer wall construction? Large areas of hall walls are peeling off

Problem diagnosis: The four seasons and indoor and outdoor temperature differences cause the wall surface to expand or shrink. Wall foundation hollowing and moisture may cause large areas of peeling. . In addition, after the second painting, if there is moisture, dirt, grease or powder on the old paint surface, it may also cause regional wall paint to peel off.

Prescribe the right medicine: Eradicate the original wall, especially the hollow part, thoroughly, and proceed to the next step after the wall is fully dry. At the same time, before applying primer again, the powder of the old paint on the wall must be thoroughly cleaned to ensure it is smooth and free of pores.

Regional bulging on the wall of the hall

Problem diagnosis: When the wall foundation is relatively humid, the paint is painted before it is completely dry. The water penetrates into the paint surface, causing the paint film to lose adhesion. Sex, raised into a drum shape on the surface.

Prescribe the right medicine: Try to avoid painting walls in summer when humidity is high or in rainy weather. Regional bulges such as the living room and bedroom can be scraped off individually, and the edges of the scraped parts should be smoothed, primed, and then repainted, but this will cause a slight color difference from the original wall color. If the bulging area is large, the original wall must be removed and construction can be carried out only after the wall is fully dry.

Small area of ??cracks on the wall of the hall

Problem diagnosis: Because the base of the small area of ??the wall has not been properly treated. In addition, the wall putty layer is not completely dry or external moisture penetrates, forming white crystalline objects protruding on the surface. Both of these situations can lead to wall cracks over time.

Prescribe the right medicine to the case: If there are small areas of blockage after painting, the original wall must be eradicated, repainted with an interface agent, and then leveled, gridded, and batched according to the plastering procedures. The wall lining was scraped three times and then polished, and then re-applied using the process of rolling primer once and topcoat twice.

Mildew on the wall of the bathroom balcony

Problem diagnosis: On continuous rainy days in summer, the outer wall of the balcony remains exposed to the rain for a long time, and the water vapor evaporated from drying clothes is absorbed by the inner wall. The water vapor generated by bathing in the bathroom penetrates for a long time, and the moisture makes the inside of the wall moist, thus breeding green mold and sometimes causing black spots.

Prescribe the right medicine: Mildew usually appears on old walls or walls painted with non-antibacterial formula paint. Therefore, it is recommended to use anti-mildew wall paint in wall areas that have been exposed to water for a long time. . After mold spots appear on the wall, the original wall must be eradicated, and then the wall must be wiped with fungicidal liquid. Wait until the wall is fully dry before proceeding with the next step of construction.

Watermarks on the walls of kitchen and bathroom pipes

Problem diagnosis: Small cracks in PVC water pipes in kitchens and bathrooms are not easy to find after long-term use, but water will slowly penetrate into the wall Surface, causing adjacent walls to appear patchy, usually darker than the original color. In addition, damage to the rainwater pipe between the two households will also cause watermarks to appear on the walls between the upper and lower households.

The right solution: Make sure the wall is dry before painting. If watermarks appear on walls near pipes, first check to see if there is any damage to the external pipes. After finding the source of the watermark, the wall with the watermark should be removed and allowed to dry before construction.

Discoloration of the wall near the window air conditioner

Problem diagnosis: There are many reasons for the discoloration of the wall. In addition to contamination by chemicals (such as alkaline), the air is moist and does not receive heat. There will be discoloration of the wall. If the wall is heated unevenly, the oxidation rate of the wall paint will be different, which will lead to changes in the color of the wall.

Prescribe the right medicine: During construction, you should choose wall paint that has a long-lasting color, is mildew-proof, anti-discoloration, and can be washed with water. If the wall is seriously discolored, the original wall must be removed and rebuilt when the air humidity reaches the construction requirements. In addition, for discoloration of the wall caused by uneven cold and heat, there is no need to remove it. Just polish the original wall as a whole and repaint it.

If you have any questions about decoration design, you can ask the designers of Visual Color Decoration Group. Visual Color Decoration Group specializes in creating high-quality home living spaces. What should be paid attention to when constructing communication engineering pole roads in spring, summer, autumn and winter

1. Prevent personal injury, fall and slip accidents

1. Strengthen labor protection during winter construction, Construction workers are required to wear gloves and rubber-soled shoes, and add anti-slip measures. Hard-soled shoes are strictly prohibited.

2. You must wear a safety helmet when entering the construction site. Cold-proof hats cannot replace the safety helmet;

3. When working in the open air, you must be equipped with cold-proof supplies, and when constructing on the rack, be careful to prevent "probes" If the board is in the air, you must wear a safety belt when working at height. On a horse stool with a height of more than 1.5 meters, one person must operate and one person shall supervise;

4. Personnel working at heights must wear non-slip shoes, protective gloves, etc. Anti-freezing measures must be taken and seat belts must be fastened;

5. Tower crane installation and jacking operations are prohibited in strong winds above level 4, and hoisting operations and high-altitude operations are prohibited in strong winds above level 6;

6. When the steel ropes used for tying or lifting steel components under negative temperatures are in direct contact with the components, anti-slip spacers should be installed. Check whether the lifting wire rope is damaged, whether the U-shaped clamp is locked, and whether the hook insurance is effective;

7. Because the material is brittle and slippery in winter, tools for lifting heavy-tonnage cargo must be left in place. A larger safety factor to fully ensure safety;

8. When encountering bad weather such as rain or snow, the water and snow at the construction site must be removed in time, and forced construction in rain, snow and windy weather is strictly prohibited.

2. Prevent fires and poisoning accidents

1. To prevent fires, fire-fighting facilities and equipment should be complete, intact and usable, and easy stacking of fire-fighting equipment and equipment should not be allowed in the computer room (base station). flammable and explosive items;

2. Safety officers should regularly check the power supply and fire protection at the construction site to prevent communication, fire accidents and theft;

3. It is strictly prohibited to use open fires on the construction site Heating, especially at construction sites, will be severely punished if found;

4. "One pass and one inspection" should be done before going down the well:

(1) In Before manhole operations, the front and rear manhole covers of the working area should be opened and ventilated first.

(2) Check whether there are poisonous and harmful gases in the manhole to ensure safety in the well.

5. When working in manholes, "one thing to wear, one thing to look at, two things not allowed, and three things forbidden" must be followed: (1) Operators should wear safety helmets, waterproof pants and rubber boots.

(2) There should be dedicated personnel guarding the outside (top) of the well.

(3) It is not allowed to light a blowtorch in the well; it is not allowed to smoke in the well.

(4) Non-operators are prohibited from watching; it is prohibited to bring flammable materials in the manhole; it is strictly prohibited to use flammable materials to clean the cable (gasoline, alcohol, toluene, etc.).

3. Preventing Internet Security Accidents

1. It is strictly prohibited to use high-heat lamps (such as sun lamps, etc.) for temporary lighting during construction in the computer room, and it is strictly prohibited to use electric water heaters, electric furnaces and other non-construction purposes Electric heating appliances;

2. The construction temperature in winter is low, and construction workers have inflexible joints, a lot of clothing, and inconvenient movement. When installing devices and deploying cables, attention should be paid to the safety of the device and the existing network to prevent construction accidents. Cause network business interruption accidents;

5. Before optical (electrical) cable cutting, relocation or demolition, detailed plans and steps for cutting, relocation or demolition must be formulated and a thorough analysis must be carried out , conduct a careful survey of on-site resources and verify the cutover, relocation or demolition data, and prepare the cutover, relocation or demolition plans, steps and methods (including personnel, production equipment, cold protection, anti-freeze, wind protection and other auxiliary tools) After confirmation and approval, the technicians (administrator or above) of each participating unit will verify the site again, and can enter the site for implementation only under the command of the supervisory technicians stationed at the site to avoid cutover errors, business interruption or misunderstandings. Communication accidents such as demolition occur;

6. When constructing pipeline optical (electrical) cables in urban areas and towns, it is required to place a safety sign at each wellhead, and to leave someone to guard it, and pay attention to the passing vehicles. When the length of a single optical (electrical) cable is long, more migrant workers are required for manual laying. The construction of complex road surfaces must be strictly organized and closely coordinated, and good communication tools (such as wireless walkie-talkies, speakers, etc.) must be equipped to facilitate the construction. The movements of personnel should be coordinated to ensure personal safety and the safety of optical (electrical) cables;

7. When constructing beside the highway, set up as many safety production signs and slogans as possible, and connect the signs in series with reflective tapes. Nighttime construction in the district also needs to set up fog lights to warn people, and arrange personnel to cooperate with the traffic department to ease traffic;

8. Before steel pipe welding, test welding should be carried out. Only after the test welding is passed can formal welding be carried out. Butt welded steel pipes In order to prevent the temperature difference from being too large and affecting the welding quality, protective measures should be taken for the welded joints. When it snows, they should be covered with appropriate items. Uncooled joints after welding are strictly prohibited from touching ice and snow;

9. Strengthen Construction quality monitoring, there should be no transverse cracks at the joints. When a joint does not meet the requirements, the batch of joints should be inspected, unqualified products should be removed, and after re-welding, a second acceptance should be carried out. Welding should be carried out on windshield structures. When the temperature is below -20 degrees Celsius, construction will not continue.

4. Prevent traffic safety accidents

1. Strengthen the maintenance and upkeep of engineering vehicles to prevent accidents caused by vehicle failure;

2. Strictly prohibited Drunk driving, driving without a license, and driving while fatigued;

3. In severe ice and snow weather, vehicles should maintain a driving distance while driving to prevent rear-end collisions.

5. Heating and fire prevention in winter

1. The use of coal-fired heating in winter construction dormitories should prevent carbon monoxide poisoning of construction workers, and the dormitories should ensure adequate ventilation conditions; each dormitory should be based on the room Set the size of the ventilation funnel. The size of the ventilation funnel is: the length is not less than 50cm, the width of the lower opening is not less than 30cm, and the width of the upper opening is not less than 5cm. There are at least 3 ventilation funnels set in each room.

2. Designate a dedicated person to seal the fire before turning off the lights every day. Coal-fired heating facilities are strictly prohibited from being exposed. The stove plate and furnace cover should be tightly fastened; if the stove plate and furnace lid cannot be fully buckled and tightly covered, use Apply loess mud tightly to prevent gas leakage.

3. When installing the smoke exhaust duct of heating facilities, the socket of each pipe should be installed in the direction of medium circulation, and the interface should be sealed with tape; the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe should not be less than 50cm beyond the eaves, and the riser should not be less than 50cm. Less than 2.0m, the distance between the horizontal pipe and the roof of the house must not be less than 50cm, and its orientation must not face the northeast direction where the winter monsoon blows.

4. Clothes and other flammable items must not be dried on the exhaust pipes, and flammable, explosive, or volatile toxic substances must not be piled near heating facilities.

5. The unburned coal removed when sealing the fire should be cleared out of the room, and the unburned coal should be extinguished with clean water.

6. Carry out safety education to prevent incidents such as burns and gas poisoning, and provide education on medical rescue and emergency handling of emergencies.

7. It is strictly prohibited to connect electric blankets, electric stoves and other heating facilities in dormitories, offices and warehouses; it is also not allowed to use iodine tungsten lamps for heating indoors or on site. What issues should be paid attention to when watering cucumbers in winter?

Pay attention to ventilation, dry watering, it doesn’t matter if the soil is dry, a higher temperature is better, they are afraid of cold and freezing, pay attention to insulation in winter, afraid of cold winds