What are the characteristics of Wuqing District in Tianjin in terms of geographical environment, history and culture, and customs?

Basic Overview

Wuqing District is located in the northwest of Tianjin, between Beijing and Tianjin. Area is 1574 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 13 towns including Yangcun, Hexiwu, Chengguan, Cuihuangkou, Wangqingtuo, Meichang and Daliang, Dongpuwa, Xuguantun, Huangzhuang, Douzhangzhuang, Niezhuangzi, Shangmatai, Caozili, Dahuangpu, Dahuang Alkali Factory, Houxiang, Hebei Tun, Xiawu Banner, Shuangshu, Sicundian, Dashahe, Gaocun, Baigutun, Dawangzhuang, Dongmaquan, Huanghuadian, Dashadian, Shigezhuang, Chenzui, There are 21 townships in Chagu Gang and Xiazhuzhuang. The County People's Government is located in Yangcun Town. The total population of the county is 793,000.

Wuqing County is a coastal plain area with a warm temperate continental semi-humid monsoon climate. The proven underground mineral resources include oil, natural gas, coal, underground hot water, etc. The main agricultural products include Tianjin red adzuki beans; flavored foods include Yangcun dried cakes, Chengguan tofu shreds, etc.

There are more than 1,700 collective industrial enterprises above the village level in the district, with production capacity of more than 2,000 products in 40 industries, forming key industries such as textiles, clothing, arts and crafts, carpets, shoemaking, and chemicals. There are 290 export-oriented enterprises, including 33 foreign-funded enterprises. The main export products include carpets, clothing, footwear, arts and crafts, pickled products, canned asparagus, etc. 27 categories and 120 kinds. The county has nearly 100,000 hectares of arable land. The main agricultural and sideline products include wheat, corn, cotton, vegetables, pigs, fresh eggs, fruits, aquatic products, etc. The county has 19 bazaars, 20 seasonal stall markets, and more than 6,700 commercial outlets. Large shopping malls include Wuqing Commercial Building, County No. 1 and No. 2 Department Stores, and Yangcunzhao Shopping Mall. Railways and highways crisscross the county. The Beijing-Shanghai, Jingshan and Tianjin-Ji Railways cross the border with a total length of 52 kilometers, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway traverses the entire territory for 43 kilometers. The national highway trunk lines include Jingtang Line, Jingtang Branch 1, Jingtang Branch 2, Jingfu Line, Jingfu Branch, Jintong Line, Jinwei Highway, Yangcui Highway, Jinyong Highway, Yangbei Highway, and Langliang Highway There are 12 highways, including Meifeng Highway, and 14 county-level highways. The total length of domestic highways is 1,383.8 kilometers, realizing roads in every rural area. In December 1991, Wuqing Development Zone of Tianjin New Technology Industrial Park was officially established, with a total area of ??3 square kilometers. In July 1992, Wuqing Economic and Technological Development Zone was established, with a total area of ??2 square kilometers.

There are 1,102 schools of various types in the district. The higher education institutions include the branch of Tianjin Normal College, the Yangcun Junior College Class of Tianjin Medical College, and the secondary vocational schools include Wuqing Normal School, Health School, Sports School, and Staff There are 91 secondary vocational schools, 91 middle schools, 483 primary schools, 524 vocational secondary schools and various adult education schools, and 774 kindergartens. The one-year preschool enrollment rate reaches 100%. There are 99 medical and health institutions at all levels. Including 2 county people's hospitals, a traditional Chinese medicine hospital, a tuberculosis prevention and control center, an infectious disease prevention and control center, a drug quarantine center, etc. The county has 210 scientific and technological societies, associations, and research associations, and 445 sports venues of various types. Yangcun, the county seat, has a cultural center, people's auditorium, workers' club, library, Xinhua Bookstore, film distribution and screening company and field art troupe. Cultural stations have been established in 34 towns and villages. There are 10 movie theaters. There are 13 kinds and more than 130 folk flower shows including Chinese flags, stilts, lions, dragon lanterns, carts, Shaolin, land boats and bamboo horses. There are 37 ancient ruins and 13 ancient tombs in the county. Among them, Quanzhou Ancient City and Huanghuadian Wuliang Pavilion are municipally protected cultural relics. Tourist attractions include Gangbei Forest Park, Xiaozhuang Reservoir, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Scenic Line, Yanwang Lake Tourist Area and Yangcun Small World.

Economic Overview

Since the reform and opening up, Wuqing District has given full play to its local advantages, seized opportunities, deepened reform, been innovative and pragmatic, and achieved vigorous and coordinated development of economic and social undertakings.

(1) Agricultural production has developed steadily and comprehensive productivity levels have continued to improve. Grain output and cotton output account for one-quarter and one-half of the city respectively. Ranked 71st in the first national ranking of the top 100 counties with gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (including major cities and municipal districts). It has been rated as an advanced unit in national grain production, cotton production, plains greening, and cabbage product production. In 1994, it was designated as a major grain production county by the country, gradually forming a suburban agricultural development pattern. In 1999, the region's agricultural added value was 1.4 (1.38) billion yuan, and the agricultural commodity rate reached over 85%.

Efficient agriculture is developing rapidly.

The vegetable area reaches 226,000 acres, of which the greenhouse vegetable area is 22,400 acres. The total annual vegetable output is 1.6 billion kilograms. A number of famous, high-quality, special and new varieties have been introduced, and the efficiency level has been greatly improved. The orchard area reaches 81,000 acres, with a fruit output of 81.42 million kilograms, a total meat output of 49,000 tons, a total egg output of 47,000 tons, and a total aquatic product output of 24,000 tons.

The process of agricultural industrialization is accelerating, and the construction of agricultural product bases is beginning to take shape. Seven major production bases with regional characteristics for pigs, broiler chickens, meat ducks, beef cattle, vegetables, high-quality fruits and freshwater fish have been initially established, and a number of agricultural product processing enterprises with certain driving capabilities have begun to take shape.

Agricultural production conditions continue to improve. Advanced irrigation technologies such as anti-seepage channels, pipe irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation have been vigorously promoted. The level of agricultural mechanization has been significantly improved. The total power of agricultural machinery in the region has reached 864,000 kilowatts, and the operation rate of agricultural machinery has reached 70%. The main production links of wheat and corn have basically been mechanized.

(2) Sustainable and healthy development of industry. The number of industries above village level in the district has grown to 1,300, with 140,000 employees and total assets of 6.55 billion yuan. In 1999, the region's industry achieved an added value of 3.21 billion yuan. The number of key enterprises in the district with annual sales revenue exceeding 10 million yuan has grown to 180, 17 companies with annual sales revenue exceeding 100 million yuan have grown to 17, and the number of groups above the municipal level has grown to 27, including 10 national-level groups. The district's industry has 19 categories, more than 30 industries, and more than 200 products. Traditional leading industries such as carpets, textiles, chemicals, machinery, clothing, shoemaking, and bicycles have initially been formed, and a number of emerging industries such as new building materials and electronics have been established. It has created a number of famous and high-quality products. More than 120 products have won awards at various domestic and foreign expos and trade fairs. More than 150 products have been rated as famous products at the municipal bureau level or above, including Xianghong brand carpets and Muge brand veterinary drugs. , Liangqian brand leather jackets and other 15 products won the title of ministerial-level famous products.

(3) The tertiary industry develops rapidly. In recent years, the tertiary industry has become an important growth point for the region's economic development, and its role in driving and serving the region's economy has become increasingly prominent.

In 1998, the added value of the tertiary industry in the region was 2.34 billion yuan. The six major industries of commerce, catering, transportation, material supply and marketing, finance and insurance, and post and telecommunications are the leading industries of the tertiary industry in Wuqing District. The region has 12,000 commercial outlets of various types, employing 33,000 people, and various types of circulation organizations at all levels have grown to more than 10,000. In 1999, the retail sales of social commodities were 1.85 billion yuan. There are more than 30 markets at all levels and types in the district, and the annual market trade turnover reaches 1.3 billion yuan. A market network has been initially formed with district cities as the center, professional and wholesale markets as the main body, and trade markets as the backing. Dashahe Vegetable Wholesale Market has become an important vegetable distribution center in the Beijing-Tianjin region. The individual road transportation industry and catering industry are booming. The material supply and marketing industry has developed steadily. The financial insurance, postal and telecommunications industries developed rapidly. At the end of 1998, the deposit balance of the Five Banks and One Cooperative in the region was 5.52 billion yuan, and the loan balance was 4.63 billion yuan. In 1998, the total volume of postal and telecommunications business reached 110 million yuan. The insured amount of various types of insurance was 52.5 billion yuan, and the premium income was 90.28 million yuan. Emerging tertiary industries such as tourism, real estate development, and information consulting have developed rapidly.

(4) Foreign trade and economic cooperation have advanced by leaps and bounds. The number of export-oriented enterprises in the region has grown to more than 200, exporting products in 19 categories and more than 300 varieties. The products are marketed in more than 70 countries and regions, forming a carpet, clothing, shoemaking, handicrafts, chemicals, grass and willow woven products and paper products. There are six key export industries and three major agricultural export bases for asparagus, pickled products, and livestock and poultry processing. In 1999, the region's foreign trade export supply volume reached 3.55 billion yuan. The number of self-operated import and export enterprises in the district has grown to 19, earning US$92 million in foreign exchange. The scale of utilizing foreign capital continues to expand. By the end of 1998, it had attracted businessmen from more than 20 countries and regions including Europe, America and Southeast Asia to invest. The number of foreign-funded enterprises in the district has grown to 276, with a total agreed investment of US$6.6, and the foreign investment rate has reached 96%.

(5) The construction of development zones has achieved remarkable results. Wuqing Development Zone is a national high-tech industrial development zone approved by the state in 1991. It is located on the northwest side of the city, close to the first exit of Tianjin on the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway, with a total planned area of ??24.8 square kilometers, and the first phase of development is 6.4 square kilometers. After several years of construction and investment promotion, it has become the leader and window for Wuqing to open up to the outside world.

The infrastructure construction is gradually improved, and the investment environment is superior. The backbone road network, drainage, communication, electricity, and heating pipelines in the area are all connected. It has built a 10,000-ton water source plant, 220KV and 35KV dual power substations, There are 80,000 IDD optical fiber digital communication centers, three thermal stations, two hot spring geothermal wells and other infrastructure. The development and construction includes a multi-functional service area of ??0.8 square kilometers, a living area of ??1.44 square kilometers and a standard factory building of 120,000 square meters. The People's Liberation Army of China and Guowu Qing Customs located in the development zone have been officially opened and closed.

(6) Social undertakings have developed in an all-round way and people’s living standards have steadily improved. The district has 14,000 scientific and technological personnel of various types, including more than 2,500 with intermediate professional titles or above. There are 999 schools of various types and levels in the district, including 3 secondary vocational schools. The district has achieved universal nine-year compulsory education and is an advanced county in basic education and early childhood education in the country. The college entrance examination admission rate reached 54%. The district has 1,064 cultural and sports facilities, 29 amateur singing groups for farmers, 32 amateur theater troupes, more than 130 folk flower parties, and more than 560 amateur sports teams. The district has 74 medical and health institutions with 1,086 beds and 2,109 medical staff, including 839 doctors. The District People's Hospital and the District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine have reached the national Grade II A standard. There are radio stations, TV stations, and cable TV backbone networks covering 34 towns and villages in the region. In 1998, all rural areas in the region had achieved moderate prosperity, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3,752 yuan.

Physical Geography

Geographical Location

Wuqing District is located in the northwest of Tianjin City, in the middle and lower reaches of the Haihe River system, and borders Baodi County and Ninghe County of Tianjin City to the east. It is connected to Beichen District and Xiqing District of Tianjin City and Bazhou City of Hebei Province to the south, Anci District of Langfang City, Hebei Province to the west, and Tongzhou District of Beijing City and Xianghe County of Langfang City, Hebei Province to the north. Longitude 1160.46’43” to 117.19’59” North Latitude 39.07’05” to 39.42’20”. It is 41.78 kilometers wide from east to west and 65.22 kilometers long from north to south. It is wide in the north and narrow in the south.

Terrain

Wuqing District is located at the lower end of the North China alluvial plain. The terrain is gentle, sloping from the north, west and south to the direction where the Haihe River enters the sea in the southeast. The highest altitude is 13 meters and the lowest is 2.8 meters. . The parent material of the soil is mostly alluvial deposits from the Yongding River and the Beiyun River. The soil is all fluvo-aquic, with deep soil layers and a variety of suitability characteristics.

Wuqing District has a temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. The spring has long sunshine, drought, less rain, and more wind; the summer is hot and the rainfall is concentrated; the autumn has warm days and cool nights, and a large temperature difference; the winter is cold, with more northerly winds, less sunshine, and scarce precipitation. The annual average temperature is 11.6 degrees, the average temperature in January is -5.1 degrees, and the average temperature in July is 26.1 degrees. The average annual precipitation is 606 mm. The frost-free period is 212 days.

Land resources: The district covers an area of ??1,574 square kilometers, including 1.37 million acres of cultivated land, accounting for 58% of the land area. Soil is divided into three categories: sandy soil, loamy soil, and clay soil. The soil is loose and fertile, suitable for agricultural production.

Climate resources: It has a warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons and sufficient sunlight. The annual average temperature is 11.6 degrees, the average annual sunshine hours are 2,705 hours, the average frost-free period is 212 days, and the average annual precipitation is 606.8 meters.

Water resources: There are 4 first-level rivers including Yongding River, Beiyun River, Qinglongwan River and Drainage River, and 7 second-level rivers including Long River, Old Longfeng River and Beixin River, and 269 vertical and horizontal areas. . 7 kilometers, with an annual runoff of 420 million cubic meters. The average annual water production within the territory is 158 million cubic meters, and the groundwater reserve is 150 million cubic meters. The recoverable volume is 100 million cubic meters. There are three reservoirs in the area: Shangmatai, Yuzhuang and Huangzhuang, with a total water storage capacity of 36 million cubic meters.

Biological resources: Food crops mainly include wheat, corn, rice, miscellaneous grains, etc. Cash crops mainly include vegetables, oil crops, cotton, etc. Vegetables are divided into 11 categories with more than 100 varieties, including cabbage, root vegetables, green leaves, and edible fungi. The main fruit varieties include apples, pears, peaches, grapes, etc.

Mineral resources: The known mineral deposits in the area mainly include oil, natural gas, coal, underground hot water and other resources.

The Wuqing Depression in the northeastern part of the district is one of the main oil storage structures in Tianjin, with many oil layers, large reserves and good oil quality. The geothermal anomaly area covers an area of ??130 square kilometers, and 8 geothermal wells have been successfully mined. The water temperature at the wellhead is about 75 degrees, and the water quality is weakly alkaline. The comprehensive utilization prospects are very promising. There are relatively abundant high-quality coal reserves in the northwest part of the territory.

Administrative divisions

Wuqing District governs 6 streets, 19 towns, and 5 townships: Yangcun Street, Xiazhuzhuang Street, Dongpuwa Street, Huangzhuang Street, Xuguantun Street, Yuyunxi Street, Meichang Town, Dajichang Town, Cuihuangkou Town, Daliang Town, Xiawuqi Town, Nancaicun Town, Damengzhuang Town, Sicundian Town, Hexiwu Town, Chengguan Town, Dongmaquan Town, Huanghuadian Town, Shigezhuang Town, Wangqingtuo Town, Chagugang Town, Hebei Tun Town, Shangmatai Town, Dawangguzhuang Town, Chenzui Town, Douzhangzhuang Township, Caozili Township, Dahuangbao Township, Gaocun Township, and Baigutun Township.

Historical evolution

In 2000, Wuqing District governed 17 towns and 17 townships: Yangcun Town, Cuihuangkou Town, Hexiwu Town, Wangqingtuo Town, and Chengguan Town. , Meichang Town, Daliang Town, Xiawuqi Town, Nancaicun Town, Damengzhuang Town, Sicundian Town, Dongmaquan Town, Shigezhuang Town, Chagugang Town, Dajichang Town, Huanghuadian Town , Hebei Tun Town, Xuguantun Township, Dongpuwa Township, Huangzhuang Township, Douzhangzhuang Township, Niezhuangzi Township, Shangmatai Town, Caozili Township, Dahuangbao Township, Houxiang Township, Shuangshu Township, Beicaicun Township, Dashahe Township, Gaocun Township, Baigutun Township, Xiazhuzhuang Township, Chenzui Town, and Dawangguzhuang Township. According to the fifth census data: the total population of the district is 814,752, and the population of each township and street (person): Yangcun Town 92871 Meichang Town 18204 Dajichang Town 20108 Cuihuangkou Town 34658 Daliang Town 26069 Xiawuqi Town 25095 Nancai Villages and towns 24473 Damengzhuang Town 22911 Sicundian Town 16728 Hexiwu Town 24982 Chengguan Town 26337 Dongmaquan Town 15074 Huanghuadian Town 23659 Shigezhuang Town 21410 Wangqingtuo Town 36270 Hangugang Town 33913 Xuguantun Township 13415 Dongpuwa Township 2440 3 Huangzhuang Township 20839 Douzhangzhuang Township 21644 Niezhuangzi Township 12968 Shangmatai Township 16381 Caozili Township 22085 Dahuangbao Township 17290 Houxiang Township 19911 Hebei Tunxiang 31388 Shuangshu Township 15372 Beicaicun Township 17422 Dashahe Township 15701 Gaocun Township 17756 Zigutun Township 21304 Dawang Guzhuang Township 20899 Chenzui Township 29329 Xiazhuzhuang Township 11851 Wuqing Farm Virtual Town 2032

At the end of 2001, Wuqing District governed 6 streets, 19 towns, and 5 townships: Yunhe East Street , Yunhexi Street, Nanhu Street, Beilan Street, Fenghe Street, Quanzhou Street, Daliang Town, Cuihuangkou Town, Meichang Town, Nancaicun Town, Hexiwu Town, Hebei Tun Town, Dajiachang Town, Xiawu Qi Town, Chengguan Town, Huanghuadian Town, Shigezhuang Town, Wangqingtuo Town, Chagugang Town, Dongmaquan Town, Sicundian Town, Damengzhuang Town, Shangmatai Town, Dawangguzhuang Town, Chenzui Towns, Baigutun Township, Gaocun Township, Douzhangzhuang Township, Caozili Township, and Dahuangbao Township.

At the beginning of 2004, Wuqing District governed 6 streets, 19 towns, and 5 townships: Yangcun Street, Yuyunxi Street, Xuguantun Street, Xiazhuzhuang Street, Huangzhuang Street, and Dongpuwa Street , Dongmaquan Town, Huanghuadian Town, Shigezhuang Town, Wangqingtuo Town, Chagugang Town, Chenzui Town, Meichang Town, Shangmatai Town, Cuihuangkou Town, Hebei Tun Town, Xiawuqi Town , Daliang Town, Dajichang Town, Nancaicun Town, Damengzhuang Town, Sicundian Town, Hexiwu Town, Chengguan Town, Dawangzhuang Town, Douzhangzhuang Township, Dahuangbao Township, Caozili Township, Gaocun Township, Bai Gutun Township.