How to answer the reading questions in Chinese exam? Write a composition

When reading: First, read the article carefully and sort out your thoughts. Then look at the topic and bring the question of the topic into the article to find it! Generally, this will be more effective!

I think the most important thing in reading is the word "enlightenment". This is first related to the usual reading volume, and also has a certain relationship with personal personality. To do reading questions, we should first read through the whole text, carefully understand what the author wants to express between the lines, and understand what the author means by saying such things. Then answer the questions raised below, and remember to reply to the original text! ! Remember! Not only read more, but also read more. Read several exam articles carefully and think about why you want to ask and answer questions! Try this method, it should be effective soon. The following article, I hope it will help you to do Chinese reading. Chinese reading comprehension is a comprehensive question, which can effectively test students' reading comprehension ability and Chinese literacy. Its problem setting is roughly divided into three levels: directly from the original text, indirectly from the original text, beyond the original text. For the first question, you need to seriously perceive the original text and think a little, so that you can find the answer directly from the original text or your own knowledge reserve; For the second-level problems, it is necessary to repeatedly strengthen and perceive the original text as a whole, to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the meaning of the text, and to actively analyze, think deeply and summarize it highly; For the third question, we need to have a higher understanding of the meaning of the text, and on this basis, we should actively operate thinking activities such as extended thinking, divergent thinking and reverse thinking to form an answer. However, the author finds that some middle school students are often eager for success when doing problems, and the process of doing problems is hasty and impetuous, and the answers are superficial and sloppy, so they can't do the reading comprehension problems well and efficiently. So, how can we get rid of this problem and do a good job in reading comprehension? The author has the following experience:

First, read and get familiar with it. The basis of reading comprehension. If you want to have a profound and thorough understanding, you must read it again and again. The ancients said, "You can't know the meaning of a book until you read it a hundred times." This is a fact. The main points, central ideas, writing ideas and writing clues of the article are all hidden in the article. As long as you read it repeatedly and strengthen your perception, you can deeply understand and accurately grasp it. However, some students are eager for success, ignoring the reading of the original text, reading only in general, and not asking for too much understanding. So a little knowledge of the original text may even lead to misunderstanding. On this basis, understanding is better than cooking without rice. Won't the conclusion be "castles in the air"? Of course, familiar reading does not mean mechanical repetition, but also gives some time and space for thinking.

Second, think, think deeply. As long as you think deeply, you will find. The so-called deep thinking is the psychological process that readers should stand on the height of the author, organically combine their own cultural quality and subjective consciousness, actively, efficiently and meticulously operate their thinking, and deeply explore the deep meaning of the article. Any article will leave some room for readers to think. So, don't be lazy to think, don't dabble, think deeply and get to the point. Only in this way can we solve problems like "experts who solve cows".

Third, instead, avoid taking it out of context. The article is the author's whole consciousness. Between all parts, between all levels are flesh and blood, one integrated mass. So, how can we ignore the integrity of the article and take it out of context? The correct way is to start from the whole article, around the high point of the article, from shallow to deep, and determine it layer by layer. Only in this way can our understanding be impartial and full of fallacies.

basic skill

Material: 1. Materials include language materials, living materials and historical materials.

The basic materials of language are words, phrases and sentences; Living materials are what you see, hear and feel in daily life; Historical materials are useful things learned from books.

2. Matter lies in accumulation.

Examination: 1. Examination is to find out the meaning of the topic and ponder the key words.

2. Find the time, place, people, events and center from the topic.

3. Distinguish whether to write notes or landscapes. (including discussion, imagination, lyricism, practical writing, reading/review)

Intention: 1. This article should have a clear center.

2. The center is the soul of the article.

3. The center must be healthy.

4. Improving the ability to determine the center depends on improving the level of ideological understanding.

Material selection: 1. The selection of materials should focus on the center.

2. Material selection should be typical and representative.

These materials should be novel and contemporary.

Intention: First, think before you start writing.

1. First determine the center according to the topic.

2. Secondly, consider choosing a suitable material as the performance center.

3. How to organize, arrange and select materials?

Second, write an outline.

1. Determine the central idea first.

2. Then make clear the general idea of the paragraph.

3. Finally, determine the detailed priority.

Skills: First, the startup mode.

1. Ask questions and come straight to the point.

2. Explain the time, place, people, events or describe the environment.

Second, the way to end.

1. End naturally or refer to the previous article.

2. Summarize the full text or call for hope.

Third, the method of transition.

1. Language conversion or time conversion.

Fourth, the method of nursing.

1. Echo from beginning to end or care from beginning to end.

Fifth, detail writing.

1. Detailed description closely related to the center.

2. Sketch that has little to do with the center.

Sixth, the writing of description.

1. Describe the characteristics and state of people and scenery in vivid language.

2. concreteness can make the object described more vivid.

Seven, combining static and dynamic writing.

1. There is static in motion, and there is motion in static.

Revision: 1. Revision of the center.

1. Make the center more perfect by changing materials and details.

Second, structural modification.

1. Make the structure more reasonable by adjusting logic and hierarchy.

Third, language modification.

1. Make the language more accurate by correcting mistakes, filling gaps, adding, deleting and exchanging.

Fourth, the revision of punctuation marks.

1. Use punctuation correctly.

account

Write one thing: 1. Follow the six elements of note writing. (time, place, person, reason, process, result)

2. Master the narrative method. (Sequence, Flashback, Interpolation)

Write a few things: 1. Find out how much to write.

2. Choose materials around the center.

3. Draw an outline and highlight the details.

4. Focus and make clear the key points.

Activity: 1. Writing activities are also notes, following the principle of six elements.

2. Highlight the characteristics of the activity.

3. Take an active part in the activities to understand the purpose and arrangement of the activities.

4. Arrange the expression order, and choose vertical or horizontal arrangement.

5. Point-to-surface combination, combining local and global activities to write.

Scene: 1. Around the center of the article

2. The combination of general writing and special writing.

3. The observation sequence includes fixed-point observation, main and secondary observation, and moving for scene change.

4. The combination of scenery and people's activities.

5. The expression should be organized.

Write people

Appearance: 1. Grasp the characteristics of the characters.

2. Focus on appearance.

3. Write the appearance in order.

4. Describe your appearance flexibly.

Action: 1. Write a continuous action.

2. Write continuously at intervals, interspersed with other contents.

3. Write down the characteristics of the action.

4. Choose verbs and describe them accurately.

5. Write down the details of the action.

Language: 1. Language should conform to the character's identity and reflect the character's occupation and personality.

2. Language should be concise and practical.

3. Language should conform to the reality of life.

There are four written forms of language. (a) Xiao Min said: "... this is because ..." Xiao Min said: "..." D. " ...")

5. Pay attention to language forms and changes.

Psychological activity: 1. Write down the reasons for psychological activities.

2. Pay attention to the level of psychological activities.

3. Describe psychological activities through hallucinations and dreams.

Pay attention to the person who writes about psychological activities.

Describe the scenery

Observation: 1. Determine the purpose of observation.

2. Direct purpose and indirect purpose.

3. Select the observation angle. (Look around, look up, look down, see through ...)

4. Master observation methods. (sequential method, continuous method, comparative method ...)

5. accumulate material.

Grabbing characteristics: 1. Grab the most prominent part of the scene.

2. Describe the scenery according to the needs of the center.

3. Scenery writing is to express thoughts and feelings.

4. Writing stories about people is to serve people or events.

5. Grasp the most prominent scenery features.

Description order: 1. Describe the scenery in chronological order.

2. Describe the scenery according to the spatial relationship.

3. Time sequence and spatial relationship are combined to describe the scenery.

4. According to the order of the scene content.

Description method: 1. Comparative description is to compare the same scenes or different scenes before and after.

2. Rough brush description focuses on describing the outline of the scene.

3. Fine brushwork description is used well, and the scenery description is meticulous.

4. The line drawing describes the features of the scenery in a simple and concise way.

Composition is the embodiment of Chinese comprehensive level. However, for many students, the composition is always abstruse and difficult to write. Actually, it's not. I think it is not difficult to write a good composition as long as you pay attention to the following points and persevere, and often practice writing.

The first is the accumulation of words. Writing requires good words and sentences to be literary and attractive. An article, no matter how wonderful it is without good words and witty sentences, is also dull and tasteless. How can we attract people and make them appreciate it? You wrote this article for nothing. In the usual study, Teacher Li of our class pays great attention to this aspect of education and guidance. I also pay great attention to this when reading articles and books.

The second aspect is observation. Writing a composition is not confined in a room, but observed and experienced in real life. Because life is the source of writing! Some people, he went out to "observe", just glanced at it and ignored the details. Therefore, the composition written is just an outline, and there are no main points or details at all. Therefore, when observing, we should pay attention to it and be careful, so as to write a unique and good composition. I remember when I go out, my father often points and asks questions to get my attention and thinking.

Third, read more extracurricular books. This is an important channel for accumulating words and the key to writing a composition. Including books ordered at home and various books in bookstores. As long as I have time, I will go to the bookstore to read all kinds of extracurricular books. Of course, you can't write a perfect composition just by reading. The key is to accumulate, remember and use it well. Only in this way can we achieve the goal of "serving others and serving me", so that when writing a composition, we can do whatever we want and write freely.

Good reading methods

Is there any good reading method? Of course, the answer is yes. There are thousands of good reading methods, but it is not easy to find a suitable reading method, and it is even more difficult to stick to it.

It is believed that writers classify scholars into four types: the first type is sponge type, which absorbs all the knowledge, then can't digest it and spit it out. Of course, it's a little out of shape after spitting it out. The second type is hourglass. What is hourglass? You see, it's hourglass-shaped, and it leaks so much sand when it turns. In other words, the hourglass type is called the hourglass type because after reading it, it gets nothing but to kill time, just like not reading it. The third kind of filter bag, the essence of filtration is completely leaked away, and the rest are dregs and sand, which shows that I have received the worst side when I saw this book. The fourth largest gem type is the big gem type of the Mongolian Empire. Such people can, and there are few readers. Reading is not only good for yourself, but also good for others. It is called the big gem type.

I know many people want to be the fourth person, and I want to be the fourth person, but it's too far away for us, but we have to work hard. Reading can not only increase our knowledge, but also cultivate our quiet personality, but we cannot read every line. In that case, it will really become an hourglass. Then how to read, how to read to really read a good book and use it flexibly? Not to mention this, what you need first is a spirit, a modest spirit, and you can't be satisfied with only a little knowledge of the books you read. What's more, you need a heart that loves books and a heart that loves reading. If you don't even have the minimum interest in reading, then even the best reading method is useless. Before reading, you must first make yourself love books and enjoy reading, and give yourself a reasonable reason to study before you can start reading.

With the above conditions, reading may not be in vain. When reading, one of the most basic things is to understand the meaning of new words. If you don't even understand the meaning of the words, it is even more impossible to understand the meaning of the author's book. Some books are related to the background of the times and are unique in this place. It's best to know the background of the times before you start reading. In addition, when reading, you should make good reading notes. I think it's best to extract beautiful paragraphs. After reading a book, you can write a book review or a good book recommendation, and then give it to your parents for revision, so that your composition level will gradually improve. If you read an informative book, such as 100,000 Why, you can fill in the blanks or judge the knowledge involved as a question, and then try to answer it yourself.

If you insist on coming first in this way, there is no guarantee that you will become a "gem" reader, or at least a "sponge" reader.

By the way, if you have any good reading methods, you can introduce them to your classmates to share, so that your composition level and reading level can go hand in hand.

Writing is a very interesting thing. Personally, I feel that outsiders can only help you do some superficial things, and it is difficult to improve your level. If you want to really improve, you must rely on your own feelings, read some articles with your heart, and feel good with new experiences or feelings. Over time, the article will naturally be well written.

As long as we carefully observe the little things around us, pay attention to life and read more new concept compositions, it will be of great help to writing.

Learn to observe when writing a composition.

I think the most practical way is to read romance novels (one of my classmates improved his writing level by reading romance novels, and now he has written a romance novel online, with a high click-through rate).

There are at least three paragraphs in the composition, starting with the result of the matter, writing the reason in the middle, and finally thinking about what caused it.

How to write a composition?

Composition is the embodiment of Chinese comprehensive level. But for many students (including me at the beginning), I always feel that the composition is very profound and difficult to write. Actually, it's not. I think it is not difficult to write a good composition as long as you pay attention to the following points and persevere, and often practice writing.

The first is the accumulation of words. Writing requires good words and sentences to be literary and attractive. An article, no matter how wonderful it is without good words and witty sentences, is also dull and tasteless. How can we attract people and make them appreciate it? You wrote this article for nothing. In the usual study, Teacher Li of our class pays great attention to this aspect of education and guidance. I also pay great attention to this when reading articles and books.

The second aspect is observation. Writing a composition is not confined in a room, but observed and experienced in real life. Because life is the source of writing! Some people, he went out to "observe", just glanced at it and ignored the details. Therefore, the composition written is just an outline, and there are no main points or details at all. Therefore, when observing, we should pay attention and be careful, so as to write a good composition that is different from others. I remember when I went out, my father often pointed and asked questions to get my attention and thought.

Third, read more extracurricular books. This is an important channel for accumulating words and the key to writing a composition. Including books ordered at home and various books in bookstores. As long as I have time, I will go to the bookstore to read all kinds of extracurricular books. Of course, you can't write a perfect composition just by reading. The key is to accumulate, remember and use it well. Only in this way can we achieve the goal of "serving others and serving me", so that when writing a composition, we can do whatever we want and write freely.

First, the composition should learn to accumulate.

The ancient summaries of "Reading thousands of books, writing like a god" and "A clever woman can't cook without rice" illustrate the importance of "accumulation" in writing from both positive and negative aspects. "Usually rely on accumulation, the examination room depends on play", which is the same experience of the students in the examination room.

(A) language to establish a "vocabulary". Vocabulary is the cell of an article. Vocabulary in a broad sense refers not only to the collection of words and phrases, but also to sentences and sentence groups. There are two ways to establish "vocabulary": the first is reading. Usually, you should read books, newspapers and periodicals extensively, take reading notes, extract some beautiful words, sentences and paragraphs from a specific notebook, or make reading cards. The second is life. At ordinary times, we should capture the fresh language in the popular spoken language and write it down in a small notebook or card that we carry with us. Over time, we can say it chapter by chapter and write it beautifully.

(2) Strengthen the accumulation of materials. Materials are the flesh and blood of the article. Because many students usually don't pay attention to accumulating materials, they are worried every time they write a composition, or edit or copy it. The solution to this problem is to accumulate materials. Usually, you can take a video camera and tape recorder with you, observe life deeply, actively participate in life, and record your experiences in family life, campus life and social life in time in the form of sketching, keeping a diary and writing observation notes. When recording, we should grasp the details and the characteristics of people, things, things and scenery. The article written in this way is flesh and blood.

(3) We should strengthen ideological accumulation. Opinion is the soul of an article. The center of the article is not clear, or the thought is not profound, which often shows that the author's thought is superficial. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a "think tank". There are two ways: first, be thoughtful. "One more miss, one more gain." Think deeply at ordinary times and ask "why", "what" and "how" when something happens. So you can see the essence through the phenomenon. It is also necessary to record the "sparks" of thinking and the conclusions of thinking at any time. The second is compilation, that is, extracting famous sayings and aphorisms.

In short, the composition should be accumulated, and the three writing warehouses of vocabulary, material and thought should be regularly counted, sorted and classified to continuously enrich and expand.

Second, learn to observe before writing a good composition.

Mr. Lu Xun emphasized two points when answering the question of "how to write good articles" for young artists: one is to read more books, and the other is to practice more. Here, "seeing more" means observing more. This shows that in order to write a good article and master skillful writing skills, it is necessary to observe more and learn to observe, and observation is the necessary premise and foundation of writing.

Russian novelist Chekhov earnestly warned beginners: "A writer must train himself to be a keen observer and never give up! -It is a habit to exercise your own observation, as if it were second nature. " It takes time to hone observation into habit and second nature, which is very useful and remarkable.

Pay attention to the people, events, sights and things around you, and hunt for the materials needed in the composition: be interested in some seemingly insignificant but meaningful things, and pay attention to the cause, process and result of things; You should pay attention to how the plants in the campus flower beds change their colors all year round, and learn to get to the bottom of it and find out the ins and outs of these changes; You should go out, enter the society, meet more people, observe their words and deeds, think about some things, and integrate into your own thoughts at any time. This is the process of observation, and the following points should be paid attention to in the process of observation:

(a) Observation should not be limited to "eyes". Broadly speaking, more practical observation refers to mobilizing all the five senses of people: listening with ears, feeling with the body and, more importantly, thinking with the mind, so that the observation will be more delicate and profound.

(2) Pay attention to the use of "bad writing" in the observation process. As the saying goes, a good memory is better than bad writing. Many students see a lot and think a lot every day, but they are not good at writing it down at any time, which will waste the observed materials and a lot of valuable things.

(3) Pay special attention to perseverance in observation. Don't make "brain fever". Three minutes of heat is not conducive to writing a good composition. You should observe life and think about every day in your life, so that you can write wonderful articles.

Learning to observe plays a great role in laying the foundation and promoting a good composition. Without observation, you often find it difficult to write. May you learn to observe, constantly cultivate and improve your ability to observe, and make great progress in your writing practice.

Third, the meaning is high, and the text wins.

Intention is to establish the center and intention of the article. So what problems should the article pay attention to when expounding ideas?

(A) the idea should be correct

Correctness is the first meaning of the article. The so-called correctness is to ensure that the feelings and thoughts of the article are correct, in line with the nature and laws of objective things, in line with China's basic political principles, in line with people's basic moral requirements, and can give people positive inspiration.

(2) single-minded.

"The problem of composition is more expensive than being single. Specialization is fine, and dispersion is stupid. " No matter how complicated things are, the main idea cannot be dispersed. An article should explain both this problem and that point of view, and it is ambiguous to ramble. In fact, if you want to cover everything, it is definitely not in place. Moreover, an article can only have one center. Instead of "biting off more than one can chew", it is better to concentrate on expressing a center with pen and ink. Even if we express the center through several things, we should stick to the center, keep the same goal, pay attention to the combination of materials and centers, and let all the forces contained in materials point to the center.

(c) Ideas should be novel.

The article is the most taboo to echo others' opinions, and the novel angle is the core of composition innovation. The novelty of the idea requires jumping out of the old box and not following the advanced thinking, habitual thinking or the original psychological formula, but examining the alternative content contained in the topic from a unique perspective to avoid what others often write and what others have not written. Even if the same writing object can always be cut in from multiple angles, as long as we break the mindset, stand at the height of the times, avoid "vulgarity" and seek "difference", think from multiple angles and sides, or associate, expand, analogize or reverse, and build your most beautiful rainbow in the colorful sky.

(4) be profound.

Profound conception means that the established theme is not the superficial truth that people are familiar with, but to look at the essence through the phenomenon and dig deeper meaning.

(5) ingenious conception.

In limited words, if you want to express profound thoughts, you can only see the world from a grain of sand, reproduce the whole picture of life from one branch and one leaf, and describe and think about society and life from one drop, one fragment, one moment and one phenomenon, that is, you should focus on the big picture and put pen to paper in a small place, but you can see great dullness from a small angle.

Fourth, how to write a good article about things.

How to write a good article? Please remember the following five points:

(1) Explain the origin

Introducing the history of the article in one or two sentences at the beginning of the article naturally leads to the following.

(2) Specific description

Through color and modeling, the shape of the article is accurately outlined, and the characteristics are written, giving people a distinct feeling. Use some appropriate rhetorical devices to develop a reasonable imagination. Give it emotion, and it will make things on paper come alive.

(C) the combination of static and dynamic

Write the static shape characteristics first, and then write its dynamics. This will add some interest and the articles written will be more vivid.

(4) Interpretation function

Each item has its own unique function. Generally speaking, this kind of article should explain the function of the article at the end, which will highlight the characteristics of the article.

(5) Integration with feelings

Between the lines, it is necessary to reveal the author's love and cherish for the things described, which will enhance the appeal of the article.

Five, to make a long story short

You must be very moved to read a good article, right? If you want to introduce the story to others simply, you can use abbreviations. This exercise is an abbreviation, which requires the main content to be complete and focused; The language is concise, with no more than 300 abbreviations.

Abbreviation is a common form in composition. Abbreviation is to compress a long article into a short article without changing the center and genre and retaining the main content of the original text. Learning abbreviations can help us better understand the content of the text, cultivate our reading ability and generalization ability, and then improve our language expression ability. So, how to abbreviate it?

(a) leave the trunk, branches and leaves. When we abbreviate the text, we should delete the minor characters, minor events, explanations and explanations, leaving the main content of the text. For example, in the article "the little scribe", we should first think about: under what circumstances did Sulio start to help his father, why did he do it in secret, how did he do it, what was the result, and draw the place that touched you the most. Then write down what he copied for his father and delete his thoughts when he was misunderstood by his father.

(2) Simplify the task language directly. In narration, direct narration should be changed into indirect narration, and the language of characters should be simplified as much as possible. This not only makes the plot coherent, but also makes the sentence concise.

(3) Keep the context of the article clear. The abbreviation of the text should keep the main context of the article clear and complete, especially the time, place, person, cause, process and result of the event, so that people can have a general understanding of the original text after reading it.

(4) Don't change the original meaning of the text. The most important thing of abbreviated words is that the original intention of the words will not be changed after abbreviation, so that the content is basically consistent with the original text and readers will not be confused.

Clear the center!