100 questions for competition on safety knowledge (including fire protection) for machinery manufacturing enterprises

1. When was the "Fire Protection Law" promulgated and when did it come into effect?

Answer: The Fire Protection Law was promulgated on April 29, 1998 and came into effect on September 1 of the same year.

2. What kind of normative document is the Fire Protection Law?

Answer: It is the law.

3. How many chapters does the "Fire Protection Law" have? What are each?

Answer: There are six chapters in the "Fire Protection Law", namely Chapter 1 General Principles, Chapter 2 Fire Prevention, Chapter 3 Fire Fighting Organization, Chapter 4 Fire Fighting and Rescue, Chapter 5 Legal Liability, Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions.

4. What are the principles of firefighting work?

Answer: "The combination of specialized agencies and the masses."

5. What is the legislative purpose of the Fire Protection Law?

Answer: The purpose of the legislation is to prevent fires and reduce fire hazards, protect the safety of citizens' personal and public property and citizens' property, maintain public safety, and ensure the smooth progress of socialist modernization.

6. How many fire protection laws have been promulgated since the founding of our country? What are the differences?

Answer: Since the founding of the People's Republic of my country, the People's Republic of China has promulgated three fire protection laws, namely the "Fire Protection Supervision Regulations", the "Fire Protection Regulations of the People's Republic of China and the State", and the "Fire Protection Regulations of the People's Republic of China and the State". Fire Protection Act.

7. Who is responsible for implementing fire protection work according to the Fire Protection Law?

Answer: The "Fire Protection Law" stipulates that fire protection work shall be implemented by the fire protection agencies of the public security organs of the people's governments at all levels.

8. How many types of administrative penalties are set in the Fire Protection Law? What are each?

Answer: The "Fire Protection Law" sets five types of administrative penalties, namely warnings; fines; confiscation of illegal property and illegal gains; orders to suspend production and business, stop construction, and stop use; and detention.

9. What is administrative penalty?

Answer: Administrative penalties are administrative actions in which administrative agencies impose sanctions on citizens, legal persons or other organizations that violate administrative law provisions in accordance with administrative regulations.

10. Which administrative penalties are invalid according to the Administrative Penalty Law?

Answer: The "Administrative Penalty Law" stipulates that administrative penalties that have no legal basis or do not comply with legal procedures are invalid.

11. According to the Administrative Penalty Law, only which types of normative documents can set administrative penalties that restrict personal freedom?

Answer: Law.

12. The "Administrative Penalty Law" stipulates several penalty procedures. What are they specifically?

Answer: Three penalty procedures are provided. Specifically, they are summary procedures, general procedures and hearing procedures.

13. Can administrative penalties of more than two fines be imposed on a party for the same illegal act?

Answer: No.

14. What are the conditions under which administrative violations will not be punished?

Answer: If the violation is minor and corrected in a timely manner without causing harmful consequences, no administrative penalty will be imposed.

15. How long is the liability period for administrative violations?

Answer: Two years.

16. When and which authority passed the "Administrative Reconsideration Law"? When will it be implemented?

Answer: It was adopted by the Ninth Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on April 29, 1999.

It will be officially implemented on October 1, 1999. Implementation.

17. If you are dissatisfied with the specific administrative actions of the departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level, to which agency can you apply for reconsideration?

Answer: The parties concerned may choose to apply for reconsideration to the people's government at the same level of the department or to the department's superior authority.

18. What principles should be followed in administrative reconsideration?

Answer: Administrative reconsideration should follow the principles of legality, fairness, openness, timeliness and convenience for the people.

19. When the administrative review authority accepts an application for administrative review, should it charge fees to the parties?

Answer: No fees shall be charged to the parties.

20. What is administrative litigation?

Answer: Administrative litigation refers to citizens, legal persons or other organizations who believe that specific administrative actions of administrative agencies have infringed upon their legitimate rights and interests. In accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations, they file a lawsuit with the People's Court. The People's Court shall The activities of hearing and making judgments in accordance with the law.

21. What is the significance of administrative litigation?

Answer: First, protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons or other organizations. The second is to safeguard and supervise the administrative agencies' exercise of their powers in accordance with the law.

22. Does the People’s Court apply mediation when hearing administrative cases?

Answer: Mediation is not applicable.

23. What is the burden of proof?

Answer: The burden of proof is the responsibility to provide evidence to the People’s Court.

24. What is state compensation?

Answer: It refers to the compensation liability borne by the state for damage caused by the illegal exercise of powers by state agencies and state agency staff that infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons or other organizations.

25. What are the main forms of state compensation?

Answer: Pay compensation, return the property, and restore it to its original state.

26. What is the statute of limitations for a compensation claimant to request state compensation?

Answer: Two years.

27. What kind of normative document is the "Procedural Regulations on the Handling of Criminal Cases by Public Security Organs"?

Answer: It is the department’s administrative regulations.

28. When did the new "Criminal Law" come into effect? ??How many articles does it contain?

Answer: It came into effect on October 1, 1997, with Article 452.

29. Which article of the "Public Security Management Punishment Regulations" stipulates penalties for violations of fire management?

Answer: Article 26.

30. What criminal cases does the public security and fire department mainly have jurisdiction over?

Answer: It mainly has jurisdiction over fire cases and fire-fighting liability accident cases.

31. Briefly describe the responsibilities of each position?

Answer: Omitted.

32. What is the policy for fire protection work?

Answer: Focus on prevention and combine prevention and disinfection.

33. What obligations does any unit or individual have under the Fire Protection Law?

Answer: Any unit or individual has the obligation to maintain fire safety, protect fire protection facilities, prevent fires, and report fire alarms. All units and adult citizens have the obligation to participate in organized fire-fighting work.

34. What is combustion?

Answer: Combustion refers to the exothermic reaction between combustibles and oxidants, usually accompanied by flame, glow or smoke.

35. What is fire?

Answer: Fire refers to the disaster caused by burning out of control in time or space.

36. What is the principle of “Three Don’t Let Goes”?

Answer: (1) Don’t let it go if the cause of the fire is unclear; (2) Don’t let it go if the person responsible doesn’t deal with it; (3) Don’t let it go if you don’t learn lessons and take measures.

37. What do building fire protection facilities mainly refer to?

Answer: Mainly refers to automatic fire alarm systems, fire doors, fire shutters, fire water supply systems, water sprinkler systems, evacuation instructions, etc.

38. What are the categories of fire hazards in production?

Answer: Five categories: A, B, C, D and E.

39. What is the source of ignition?

Answer: Any heat source that can cause combustible materials to burn is called an ignition source.

40. What is the “two who” principle?

Answer: It refers to the principle of "whoever is in charge is responsible" for fire safety work.

41. What is the "Three-Self and One Supervision" fire safety mechanism?

Answer: It refers to the mechanism in which all social units carry out fire safety work in accordance with "self-examination of safety, self-elimination of hidden dangers, self-responsibility, and acceptance of supervision" in fire protection work.

42. What levels does my country’s current fire statistics classify fires into?

Answer: It is divided into three levels: extremely large fire, major fire and general fire.

43: What are the respective conditions for extremely large fires, major fires, and ordinary fires?

Answer: A burning accident with one of the following conditions is a major fire: more than 10 people died (including the original number, the same below); more than 20 people were seriously injured or killed and seriously injured; more than 50 residents were affected; property was directly burned. The loss was more than 1 million yuan. A major fire occurs when one of the following circumstances occurs: more than 3 people die; more than 10 people are seriously injured or killed; more than 30 households are affected; direct losses of more than 300,000 yuan are caused by burning property. Combustion accidents that do not have one of the first two conditions are ordinary fires.

44. What is fire prevention management?

Answer: It is a type of social management. It is a series of activities such as organization, command, coordination, control, and supervision to prevent fires based on the objective laws of fire occurrence and development.

45. What are the characteristics of fire supervision and inspection?

Answer: It is authoritative, mandatory, objective and fair.

46. What are the surface and internal temperatures of the cigarette butt?

Answer: The surface temperature is 200-300℃, and the internal temperature is 700-800℃.

47. What is an explosion?

Answer: Due to the rapid oxidation or decomposition reaction of substances, the temperature, pressure or both increase simultaneously.

48. What is evacuation?

Answer: Guide people to evacuate to safe areas.

49. What is an electrical circuit short circuit?

Answer: After the insulation of bare wires or insulated wires in electrical circuits is damaged, the phase wires and the neutral wire or the earth are in direct contact, causing a sharp increase in current in the electrical circuit.

50. What is static electricity?

Answer: It is a group of charges attached to an object that is difficult to move.

51. What is smoldering?

Answer: Smoldering refers to slow burning without flame, usually producing smoke and signs of increased temperature.

52. What is spontaneous combustion?

Answer: Spontaneous combustion refers to the natural combustion of combustible materials due to heat or self-heating and heat storage without the action of external sparks, flames and other fire sources.

53. What are the three major elements of combustion?

Answer: The three major elements of combustion are combustibles, combustion-supporting materials and ignition sources.

54. What is complete combustion?

Answer: The combustion of substances that produce substances that cannot continue to burn is called complete combustion.

55: What is incomplete combustion?

Answer: The combustion of substances that can continue to burn after burning is called incomplete combustion.

56. Does combustion necessarily produce flame?

Answer: Not necessarily, solid phase combustion will not produce flame.

57. What is fire danger?

Answer: The possibility of fire and the possible consequences of fire.

58. What is the essence of combustion?

Answer: The essence of combustion is a chemical reaction, which is characterized by heat generation and luminescence.

59. What is the concept of flame?

Answer: Flame refers to the glowing gas burning area.

60. What are the forms of heat transfer?

Answer: Conduction, convection, radiation.

61. What is a combustion aid?

Answer: Combustion-supporting substances refer to substances that can cause combustion when combined with combustible substances.

62. What is a flammable liquid?

Answer: Combustible liquids with a flash point greater than 60°C.

63. What is a flammable liquid?

Answer: It refers to combustion liquids with a flash point of less than or equal to 60°C.

64. What is thunder and lightning?

Answer: Lightning is a discharge phenomenon in the atmosphere.

65. Which places are public entertainment places?

Answer: ⑴ Theaters, video halls, auditoriums and other performance and screening venues; ⑵ Dance halls, karaoke halls and other singing and dancing entertainment venues; ⑶ Nightclubs, music cafes and dining venues with entertainment functions; ⑷ Indoor entertainment and entertainment Places; ⑸ Bowling alleys, roller skating rinks, saunas and other commercial fitness and leisure places.

66. Can smoking and open flame lighting be used in the auditoriums of performance and screening venues?

Answer: Smoking and open flame lighting are prohibited in the auditoriums of performance and screening venues.

67. What are chemical hazardous materials?

Answer: Chemical dangerous goods are flammable, explosive, corrosive, poisonous, radioactive and other dangerous properties; under certain conditions, they can cause combustion and explosions and lead to human poisoning, burns, death and other accidents. Radioactive items are collectively referred to as chemical hazardous items.

68. How long before closing time should smoking be banned in department store business rooms?

Answer: 30 minutes before closing.

69. During fire investigation and questioning, how are the number of internal questioning personnel of the public security firefighting agency regulated?

Answer: No less than 2 people.

70. What combustion stages do fires usually go through?

Answer: Initial combustion stage, free combustion stage, violent combustion stage.

71. How many categories can buildings be divided into based on their nature of use?

Answer: It can be divided into three categories, namely civil buildings, industrial buildings and agricultural buildings.

72. How many categories can buildings be divided into according to their structural forms?

Answer: It can be divided into six categories, namely wood structure, brick-wood structure, brick-concrete structure, reinforced concrete structure, steel-concrete structure and steel structure.

73. How many types of buildings can be divided according to building height or number of floors?

Answer: It can be divided into three categories, namely single-story and multi-story buildings, high-rise civil buildings, and high-rise industrial buildings.

74. What is the fire separation distance?

Answer: The fire separation distance is the necessary distance between two buildings to accommodate fire fighting, safe evacuation of personnel, and reduce heat radiation in the event of a fire.

75. What is a fire protection zone?

Answer: The so-called fire partition refers to a local area divided by fire separation measures that can prevent fire from spreading to other parts of the same building within a certain period of time.

76. What is a smoke prevention zone?

Answer: Technical measures taken to facilitate the safe evacuation and organized smoke exhaust of people in the building. Smoke-proof partitions can concentrate smoke in a set space and exhaust the smoke to the outdoors through smoke exhaust facilities.

77. What is a fire fighting surface?

Answer: The building facade that allows ascending fire trucks to get close to the main high-rise building to facilitate fire truck operations and firefighters to enter the high-rise building to rescue people and put out fires is called the fire fighting surface of the building.

78. What is the concept of basement?

Answer: The height of the room floor below the outdoor floor exceeds half of the net height of the room.

79. What is the concept of semi-basement?

Answer: The height of the room floor below the outdoor floor exceeds 1/3 of the net height of the room and does not exceed 1/2.

80. What are the main safety evacuation facilities in buildings?

Answer: The safe evacuation facilities of the building include safety exits, evacuation stairs, walkways, emergency lighting, evacuation signs, emergency broadcasts and auxiliary life-saving facilities, etc.

81. How to determine the fire separation distance between two buildings?

Answer: The fire separation distance between two buildings refers to the shortest distance between adjacent exterior walls. If there are protruding porches, balconies, windows, wooden overhangs and other burning components on the exterior wall, the fire separation distance should be calculated from the outer edge of the protruding part.

82. What are the fire resistance levels of buildings?

Answer: The fire resistance level of buildings is divided into four levels.

83. What is a vertical fire partition?

Answer: Vertical fire protection zoning refers to the fire protection separation of each floor in the vertical direction of the building using floor slabs and windows with better fire resistance and walls between windows (including walls under windows).

84. What is the function of fire partition?

Answer: Once a fire breaks out in a building, it can effectively control the fire within a certain range and reduce fire losses. At the same time, it can provide favorable conditions for personnel evacuation and fire fighting.

85. What is the concept of high-rise industrial buildings?

Answer: Factories and warehouses with two or more floors exceeding 24 meters in height.

86. How many meters should the minimum width of evacuation stairs be?

Answer: 1.10 meters

87. What is a fire lane? What is the purpose of setting up fire lanes?

Answer: The fire lane is the road used by fire trucks when putting out fires. Its purpose is to enable fire trucks to arrive at the fire scene smoothly once a fire occurs, and firefighters to quickly launch a fire-fighting battle and extinguish the fire in a timely manner.

88. What is the final safe exit?

Answer: The exit at the junction of the evacuation route and the safety zone.

89. According to fire protection requirements, how many forms can stairwells be divided into?

Answer: It can be divided into four forms, namely open stairwell, closed stairwell, smoke-proof stairwell and outdoor stairwell.

90. What are evacuation stairs?

Answer: Indoor and outdoor stairs that meet fire protection requirements and serve as vertical evacuation passages.

91. What is a dry powder fire extinguisher?

Answer: A fire extinguisher filled with dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

92. What is a 1211 fire extinguisher?

Answer: A fire extinguisher filled with 1211 fire extinguishing agent.

93. What is a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher?

Answer: A fire extinguisher filled with liquid carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent.

94. What type of fire is sodium bicarbonate dry powder fire extinguishing agent mainly used to extinguish?

Answer: Class B fire, Class C fire, electrical equipment fire

95. What types of fires do BC dry powder fire extinguishers mainly extinguish?

Answer: Class B and C fires.

96. What is fire retardant coating?

Answer: It is a special coating applied to the surface of flammable substrates to reduce the burning characteristics of the material surface and prevent the rapid spread of fire, or applied to building components to improve the fire resistance limit of the components. .

97. What is a fire extinguishing agent?

Answer: A substance that can effectively destroy combustion conditions and stop combustion.

98. What types of fires do ABC dry powder fire extinguishers mainly extinguish?

Answer: Class A, B, and C fires are live fires.

99. What is a live fire?

Answer: It refers to a fire in which electrically charged objects burn.

100. What is the length of the fire hose installed in the fire hydrant box?

Answer: 25 meters.