Hospital fire safety knowledge

Because the hospital belongs to a place with high fire risk, the personnel are relatively concentrated and there are many patients, once a fire breaks out, it will threaten people's life safety. Hospital fire safety is an important guarantee to prevent and reduce fires. Therefore, the fire department reminds everyone to pay attention to hospital fire prevention and master the necessary fire safety knowledge.

First, the characteristics of hospital fire protection

1, hospital fire loss is large.

Hospital is a public place with highly concentrated personnel, including not only patients and medical staff, but also logistics and patients' families. Once a fire breaks out, it is easy to fall, trample, burn or even die and other events that threaten and endanger people's lives. The function of modern hospitals is gradually developing from single to multiple, and it is no longer just to see a doctor and treat a disease. Many general hospitals integrate outpatient, inpatient, clinical, teaching and experiment. In order to meet the functional requirements, there are more and more expensive medical equipment in hospitals. Once a fire breaks out, the loss of these expensive equipment is inevitable.

2. It is difficult to put out the fire.

There are a large number of patients in the hospital for a long time. They belong to the disadvantaged groups. Once a fire breaks out, it is difficult for these patients with mobility difficulties to escape, especially orthopedic patients, and some even lie on stretchers, which makes it more difficult for people to rescue. The main parts of hospital buildings include outpatient department, inpatient department and operating room. Adjuvant treatment includes radiation, physiotherapy, pathology, biochemical examination and other medical departments. Most buildings are connected together, so once a fire breaks out, it will be more difficult to put out the fire.

3, fire safety management is difficult.

Fire safety involves all aspects of hospital affairs, including not only the maintenance and inspection of fire facilities, but also the exercise of fire fighting skills and the formulation of fire emergency plans. Some measures and methods may also contradict other management aspects. For example, the opening and closing of fire exits, many hospitals often lock fire exits in order to guard against theft, which is beneficial to property safety management, but it is extremely unreasonable from the perspective of fire safety.

Second, the daily fire prevention measures

1, fire patrol

Key units of fire safety shall conduct daily fire inspection, and determine the personnel, content, place and frequency of inspection. Fire patrol personnel shall promptly correct violations and properly handle fire hazards. If it cannot be disposed of on the spot, it shall immediately report and call the police when the first fire is discovered, and put out the fire in time.

2, fire inspection

Organs, organizations and institutions shall conduct fire inspection at least once every quarter, and other units shall conduct fire inspection at least once a month. Fire prevention inspection shall fill in the inspection records, and the inspectors and the person in charge of the inspected department shall sign the inspection records.

3, employees before and after work fire inspection content

Every employee in each department should form the good habit of conducting fire inspection in the department area before and after work every day. The key inspection contents include: whether there is any violation in the use of fire and electricity, whether the safety exits and evacuation passages are unblocked and locked, whether the fire-fighting equipment and fire safety signs are in good condition, and whether there is any residual fire in the place.

Third, how to deal with a fire?

1. Call the police correctly to prevent confusion.

In the case of slow fire development, the leaders and staff of the fire hospital should first inform the personnel near the exit or in the most unfavorable area, evacuate first, and then publicly inform others to evacuate according to the situation. When the fire is fierce and the evacuation conditions are good, all personnel can be evacuated by public notice at the same time. How to report in a fire can be determined according to the specific situation of the fire, but it must be quick and simple, so as to make full use of various evacuation routes in time and prevent chaos.

2, correct guidance, stable mood.

In the event of a fire, people may rush to the exit with obvious signs together because they are eager to escape. At this time, the relevant staff should try their best to guide the evacuation, point out various evacuation passages for the evacuated personnel, and shout in a calm tone to persuade everyone to eliminate panic and evacuate in an orderly manner.

3. Prevent the escaped personnel from entering the fire again.

For evacuees, management should be strengthened after they escape from danger. After the victims are out of danger, as the threat to their own lives decreases, they may be more worried about their property and relatives in the dangerous area, as well as your life. At this time, people who have escaped from the danger zone may return to the fire to save their relatives who have not escaped, and may encounter new dangers, causing evacuation confusion and hindering rescue and fire fighting. Therefore, for those who have evacuated to safe areas, management should be strengthened and they should be prohibited from taking dangerous actions. If necessary, alert personnel should be provided at key positions inside and outside the building.

4. How to save people in a fire?

(1) People who are old, weak, sick, disabled, young and unconscious due to shock, smoke and fire should be caught and rescued. Wet clothes, wet bedding, etc. when you need to pass through the fireworks blockade area. It can be used to cover the head, face and body of the rescued and the rescuer, and it can be covered with a mist water gun to prevent being burned by fire or hot air.

(2) The walkways, stairs, doors and other passages in the floor have been blocked by fireworks. When the trapped person can't escape, use the fire ladder to reach the window, balcony, roof and other places where the trapped person is located, and then use the fire ladder, lifting fire truck and life-saving bag. The descent control device will rescue the trapped people.

(3) When the fire escape ladder cannot be erected, you can use the hook ladder to climb the downspouts window with your bare hands, and then use life-saving equipment to save people, or use a rope gun to shoot ropes at the position of the trapped person, and then let the trapped person hang fire-fighting equipment such as a descent control device, a life-saving ladder and a life-saving bag with ropes, and then let the trapped person use the equipment to save themselves.

(4) People trapped in windows, balconies and roofs, especially those hanging outside buildings, may be in danger of jumping off buildings under the threat of smoke and fire. At this time, it is necessary to warn them to wait for the rescue to the end and not to take risks through publicity or posters. Peer 4 should be prepared for life-saving on the ground, such as pulling open the life-saving net and life-saving mat, which can be replaced by sponge mat and Simmons mattress, just in case.

(5) When using the fire escape to rescue people trapped on the floor, be vigilant and stop them from running wildly, so as not to cause accidents such as falling and climbing stairs. When the trapped person is evacuated from the floor to the ground along the fire escape, he should be protected by tying a safety rope around his waist, or escorted by a fireman carrying him on his back.

(6) In addition to on-site first aid, the rescued injured should be handled in time.

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