What is the reason why the PLA crossed the river?

In order to seize the political and economic center of the Kuomintang, completely destroy the Yangtze River defense line of the Kuomintang army, gain the initiative to win the war, carry out strategic pursuit of the Kuomintang army and prepare for entering the country.

Introduction of background information:

After the three major battles, there were 7 1 army and 227 divisions in the Kuomintang regular army, and the number was about 1 1.5 million. Together with special forces, government agencies, schools and local troops, the total strength is 2.04 million, of which 1.46 million can be used for combat. Most of these troops were newly built or rebuilt after being destroyed, and they were distributed in a vast area from Xinjiang to Taiwan Province Province, so they could not organize effective defense strategically.

Kmt chairman and Chairman of the National Government Chiang Kai-shek, in order to gain time, relied on the mountains and rivers in the south of the Yangtze River to reorganize the army and wait for an opportunity to make a comeback. On the one hand, he announced his retirement on 1949 65438+ 10/2 1, and Li Zongren, the vice president, became the "acting president" and came forward to hold peace talks with the Chinese * * * production party.

On the other hand, he is still in charge of military and political power as the chairman of the Kuomintang, and actively expands his army to prepare for war. Expand Beijing-Shanghai-garrison headquarters into Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou-garrison headquarters, and appoint Tang as commander-in-chief, to command the military in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and eastern Jiangxi, and jointly organize the Yangtze River defense with the Bai Chongxi regiment of the Central China "Anti-Bandit" Command (renamed Central China Military and Political Chief's Office in April).

The Central Military Commission decided to launch a million-strong army to cross the river and seize the political and economic center of the Kuomintang. 1949 From February to March, according to the established policy of marching south of the Yangtze River, the Central Military Commission ordered the second and third field armies of the People's Liberation Army and the Central Plains and East China Military Regions to be under the unified command of Liu Bocheng, commander of the second field army, Deng Xiaoping, political commissar and Chen Yi, deputy commander and deputy political commissar.

1Before the flood season in May, 949, Anqing, Wuhu, Nanjing, Jiangyin and other places launched river-crossing operations, annihilated the Tang Group, seized Nanjing, Shanghai, the political and economic center of the Kuomintang government, and the vast areas around Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang, ready to deal with possible armed interference from nationalism.

At the same time, it was decided that the Fourth Field Army was composed of the 40th and 43rd Corps of 12, about 12 people, and it was headed south from Ping Jin (now Beiping), under the command of the Second Field Army, and captured Xinyang, threatening Wuhan. Together with the troops of the Central Plains Military Region, it coordinated the second and third field armies to cross the river.

Extended data

In order to carry out the revolution to the end, the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission decided to step up preparations for crossing the river while holding peace talks with the Nanjing Kuomintang government. In the use of troops, it was decided to cross the river to annihilate the Tang Group and seize the political, economic, military and cultural centers of the Kuomintang-Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou-with 6,543.8+0,000 troops of the second and third field armies and 6,543.8+0,000 troops of the fourth field army. ?

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission particularly emphasized: "This time, my million-strong army crossed the river south, which was a great victory for the whole situation. I hope that the officers and men of the Second Field Army and the Third Field Army will unite and complete the great task under the leadership of the General Front Committee and the Second Field Army and the Third Field Army. " ?

Carrying out the operation of crossing the river is a new task facing the People's Liberation Army. Without the navy and air force, many commanders who are not familiar with water and lack of experience in crossing the river, it is difficult to break through the Yangtze River defense line composed of land, sea and air, such as the lack of crossing tools, unclear terrain and enemy situation. ?

In order to successfully complete the task of crossing the river, the General Front Committee carefully formulated the "Implementation Outline of Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Campaign". In terms of operational preparation, all field armies are required to collect and prepare a large number of tools and equipment for crossing the river, strengthen operational training, improve the swimming ability of officers and men, remove enemy strongholds in Jiangbei, strengthen tactical research and improve the operational level of crossing the river;

In terms of operational deployment, the second and third field armies were organized into three assault groups: East, Middle and West, and a large-scale and focused multi-channel assault mode was adopted. First annihilate the enemies defending along the Yangtze River, then develop the vast area on the south bank of the Yangtze River, seize cities such as Nanjing, Shanghai and Hangzhou conveniently, and completely destroy the rule of the Kuomintang.

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