Personal protection and safety knowledge

Personal protection and safety knowledge

With the development of society, there are many dangers hidden in daily life, all of which are unexpected accidents. Below I have compiled the knowledge about personal protection and safety, and welcome everyone to learn from it. I hope it will help you.

Personal protective safety knowledge 1 occupational health prevention knowledge-protective facilities and personal protective equipment.

What are the personal protective equipment? How to identify the quality of protective equipment?

Personal protective articles for occupational diseases refer to special articles worn by workers in occupational activities that can eliminate or reduce the impact of occupational hazards on workers' health, such as protective hats, protective clothing, protective gloves, protective glasses, ear protectors, respiratory protectors and skin protective articles. Workers should pay attention to check whether these personal protective articles have production license, safety appraisal certificate and product certificate, and only articles with complete three certificates can be used with confidence.

Do you still need to wear personal protective equipment in the workplace that does not exceed the standard?

At present, the detection of occupational hazards in the workplace in China is mostly short-term detection, and the most commonly used detection is 15 minutes. Short-term detection has certain risks and cannot represent the concentration or intensity of hazards during the whole working hours. Therefore, even if it meets the national occupational health standards, it may still exceed the national occupational health standards in a certain period of time due to the fluctuation of poison concentration, causing human damage; In addition, everyone has different susceptibility to poisons, some people are easy to be poisoned, and some people are not easy to be poisoned; Especially for women, different physiological conditions have different sensitivities to poisons. For example, in the first three months of pregnancy, the fetus is in the stage of organ formation. Contact with some poisons at this time is likely to lead to deformity.

Therefore, it is still necessary to wear personal protective equipment even in an environment that does not exceed the standard. Of course, if the concentration of toxic substances in the workplace is very low, which is far from the national allowable concentration, and has no definite carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects, it does not belong to toxic substances or sensitive people who induce allergic reactions, so you can not use personal protective equipment.

What are the ear protectors?

Workers should wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as earplugs, earmuffs, sound insulation cotton, etc., when the noise in the workplace still cannot meet the standard requirements after using noise protection facilities in a noisy working environment. Otherwise, it may lead to noise deafness. The sound insulation capacity of cotton is 5 ~ 10 dB, and that of cylindrical earplugs is 20 ~ 30 dB. If the workplace noise exceeds the standard, these ear protectors can be sampled. The sound insulation capacity of several common ear protectors is shown in the following table:

What should I pay attention to when choosing ear protectors?

1. Before selection, an occupational disease prevention and control institution with testing qualification shall be entrusted to evaluate the workplace noise to determine the noise level and its frequency characteristics.

2, understand the silencing ability of supplies, choose the appropriate ear protector. NRR is an index reflecting the sound attenuation ability, assuming the noise water in the workplace.

The average value is 100dB, and the NRR value of an ear protector is 20, which means that the noise exposure level of the wearer can be reduced to 80dB after wearing the ear protector correctly.

3. Don't blindly choose the ear protector with the greatest silencing ability. Excessive sound attenuation may bring negative effects, such as preventing the wearer from listening to warning signals or communicating with others, and increasing unnecessary costs.

4. The NRR value alone may not help the user to choose the most suitable ear protector, and at the same time, the silencing ability of the ear protector under different audio frequencies should be considered.

5. If the staff must go in and out of the hearing protection area, they can choose earplugs with ropes, which is convenient for the wearer to put on or take off.

6. Generally speaking, the muffling ability of earmuffs is stronger than that of earplugs. But wearing glasses will make some earmuffs not tight and have gaps, which will affect the effect. In addition, if the earmuffs are clamped too tightly, the wearer will feel uncomfortable and unwilling to use them. Therefore, sometimes earplugs are also a good choice.

7. In the case that you must wear earmuffs to effectively sound insulation, you can choose integrated helmet earmuffs because they may interfere with helmets and other personal protective equipment.

8. In the dust working environment, disposable earplugs or earmuffs with replaceable cushions should be selected.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a passive protective measure. In any case, first of all, we should adopt advanced production technology, do a good job in engineering protection and actively prevent occupational diseases; Only when protective facilities cannot completely eliminate occupational hazards can we consider providing suitable personal protective equipment for workers.

Matters needing attention in the use of personal protective equipment

★ Correct selection of personal protective equipment. Enterprises should correctly select articles with satisfactory performance according to the protection requirements, and never choose the wrong articles or use them, especially never replace isolated respiratory protective devices with filter respiratory protective devices to prevent accidents.

★ Strengthen the awareness of use and conduct training and training. Enterprises should make use of training courses, brochures, workshop display boards, slogans and other channels to strengthen the education of labor protection articles users, so that they can fully understand the purpose and significance of use, receive repeated training, and master the use methods skillfully.

★ For articles with complicated structures and usage methods, such as respiratory protective devices, it is advisable to carry out repeated training so that they can be put on, taken off and used quickly and correctly, and gradually get used to the resistance of respiratory protective devices.

★ Labor protection articles must be strictly inspected before use, and those damaged or seriously worn must be replaced in time. Respiratory protective articles used in emergency relief should be strictly checked regularly and properly kept for timely access.

Maintenance of Personal Protective Equipment

Enterprises should have special personnel responsible for the management, distribution, collection and maintenance of labor protection articles. This can not only prolong the service life of personal protective equipment, but also ensure its protective effect. Earmuffs, masks, masks, etc. After use, it should be washed with soapy water, disinfected with liquid medicine and dried. The filter material of the filter respiratory protector should be replaced on time, and the passage of the medicine can should be blocked when not in use to prevent failure. Contaminated work clothes should be treated and cleaned immediately after use.

Personal protection and safety knowledge 3 escape

For us, running away is the best way to avoid danger, especially men don't often use running away to avoid danger. We need to face those people with bad temper and mental illness in daily life. Sometimes, when people are extremely angry, they will take it out on you. In view of this, when you face an aggressive person, you should be calm. If possible or necessary, you can choose to leave or run away. As the saying goes, "Thirty-six plans, walking is the best policy."

Observe the surrounding environment

Whether in a private environment like your own home or in a public place, you should always look for the best escape route you are in. In addition, when you are threatened and can't find an exit, write down any place where you can hide. Finally, observe the nearby environment and see if you can find something to defend yourself.

Keep yourself away from danger

If you are in a public place and there is a fight, you should leave immediately. Don't get close to danger because you are curious to know what happened. Simply put, it is to keep yourself away from violence and chaos as much as possible. Not long ago, I smashed people in a bar and dance floor with a group of friends. The scene was in chaos. Finally, my friend and I escaped from another side door. Later, we learned that there was a stampede and many people were injured.

Carry defensive tools

There may be legal restrictions on carrying defensive tools, but the current law still allows the carrying of Mace Messi sprayer and pepper sprayer for self-defense. Please note that these things can only be used and take effect within one second if they are threatened. By the way, if you can't use it correctly, you may accidentally spray yourself and make yourself blind for a while. If you often walk alone at night, or need to pass through uninhabited places, it is best to carry multiple pepper sprayers. If used properly, you can have a few minutes to escape when attacked.

Never take part in a battle.

Never interfere in other people's struggles. Few of us can stand by and watch others being bullied or beaten. It is often instinct that urges us to stop fighting and try to save a person. However, this instinct may sometimes get you into trouble. Please don't feel guilty. On the contrary, in some cases, you should handle it calmly and rationally. It is best to call 1 10 to report to the police and coordinate with the police to investigate and collect evidence.