The origin of International Museum Day on May 18, 2018, International Museum Day promotional slogan

The origin of International Museum Day on May 18, 2018, the slogan of International Museum Day

International Museum Day falls on May 18 in the Gregorian calendar every year. "International Museum Day" is organized by Initiated and founded by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). The International Council of Museums was founded in 1946. May 18, 1977 was the first International Museum Day, and the theme of the International Museum Day is determined every year.

The International Council of Museums is a non-governmental international organization affiliated with UNESCO, founded in 1946. In 1977, in order to promote the healthy development of global museums and attract the public's understanding, participation and attention to museums, the International Council of Museums announced to the world that May 18, 1977, was the first International Museum Day, and it is celebrated every year. International Museum Day determines the theme of activities.

The origin and origin of International Museum Day

May 18, 1977 was the first International Museum Day announced to the world by the International Council of Museums.

Around the 5th century BC, in the Temple of Olympus at Delphi in Greece, there was a treasure house containing various sculptures and trophies. It is regarded by the museum community as the beginning of the museum. For a long time afterwards, museums were just collection rooms for the royal family or a few wealthy people to view rare and exotic objects. By the end of the 18th century, museums in some Western European countries had been established and opened to the public. The functions of museums had new developments, and people's understanding of museums had also changed.

Around the 5th century BC, in the Temple of Olympus at Delphi built in Greece, there was a very magnificent treasure house, which contained many precious sculptures and trophies. This treasury can be said to be the beginning of earlier museums. For a long time, the museum has been used as an exhibition room for royal nobles and a few wealthy people to view rare treasures. Later, at the end of the 18th century, museums appeared one after another in some Western European countries and were opened to the public. The cultural functions of museums received new development, and people's attention and understanding of museums gradually increased.

In 1880, the British museum scholar Rukins published a paper "The Function of Museums", which emphasized that museums should become places for the general public to receive education. In two monographs, "The Museum of the Future" and "Principles of Museum Administration", American scholar Gu Di further emphasized that museums must be committed to innovative education and carry out active activities, so that they can not only become a place for experts and scholars to conduct research, but also It should become a supplementary facility for educational institutions and an off-campus teaching garden.

In November 1946, the International Council of Museums was established in Paris, France. In June 1974, the International Council of Museums held its 11th session in Copenhagen, defining a museum as “an open, permanent institution that does not seek profit and serves society and social development. It collects, preserves, and studies information about human beings and their It is the basic duty of environmental witnesses to be displayed, made public, and provide opportunities for learning, education, and appreciation. ”

In 1971, the International Council of Museums held a conference in France to address the development of today’s world. , explores the relationship between the cultural and educational functions of museums and the future of mankind. In 1977, in order to promote the healthy development of the global museum industry and attract the public's understanding, participation and attention to the museum industry, the International Council of Museums announced to the world that May 18, 1977, was the first International Museum Day, and it will be celebrated every year. Decide on a theme for International Museum Day.

Holiday definition of International Museum Day

May 18th is International Museum Day. On this day, museums all over the world hold various publicity and commemorative activities to celebrate their own festivals, so that more people can understand the museums and better utilize the social functions of the museums. May 18, 2008, is the 26th International Museum Day.

The word "museum" comes from the Greek word "museion", which originally means "a place to worship the Muses".

The Muses are the general name for the nine goddesses in charge of science and art in Greek mythology. They are in charge of history, astronomy, epics, love poems, lyric poetry, tragedy, comedy, hymns and dance, and represent The totality of Greek humanistic activities at that time.

International Council of Museums

In November 1946, the International Council of Museums was founded on the initiative of C.J. Hamlin, President of the American Association of Museums. Headquartered in UNESCO, Paris, France. In October 1947, the International Council of Museums and UNESCO signed an agreement "On Ways and Methods of Cooperation between the Two Organizations." Since then, ICOM has become a partner in implementing UNESCO's museum development plan, and has gradually become one of the active organizations in UNESCO.

The earliest museum in the world - the Louvre Museum in France

The earliest museum of modern significance in the world is the Louvre Museum in France. The Louvre Museum is located on the banks of the Seine River in Paris, France. It used to be the royal palace of French emperors. At the end of the 17th century, it was converted from a royal palace into a royal art gallery for the viewing and entertainment of dignitaries. During the French Bourgeois Revolution in 1793, it was converted into the National Gallery of the First Republic of France and opened to the public on November 18 of the same year, making it a place exclusively reserved for the royal family and for public viewing. It truly has the nature and significance of a modern museum, so it is regarded as the first museum in the world.

The earliest museum with progressive practical significance in the world today is the Louvre Museum in France. The Louvre Museum is located on the banks of the Seine west of Paris, France. It was once the royal palace of early French emperors. At the end of the 17th century, it was transformed into the Royal Art Exhibition Hall, specifically to facilitate the appreciation of the dignitaries at that time. In the early days of the French Bourgeois Revolution in 1793, it was renamed the National Museum of Fine Arts of the First Revolution of France and opened to the public on November 18 of the same year, thus officially becoming a place for the general public to visit. It truly has the educational nature and historical significance of a modern museum. Therefore, this museum is regarded as the leading first museum in the world today.

The themes of International Museum Day over the years

The theme of 1992 is: "Museums and Environment".

The theme of 1993 is: "Museums and Indigenous Peoples" (MuseumsandIndigenousPeoples).

The theme of 1994 is: "BehindtheScenesinMuseums".

The theme of 1995 is: "Responseandresponsibility".

The theme of 1996 is: "Collecting today for tomorrow" (Collecting today for tomorrow).

The theme of 1997 is: "The fight against illegal trafficking and trading of cultural relics" (The fight against stillicittraffic of cultural property).

The theme of 1998 is: "Fighting against the Illegal Trafficking and Trading of Cultural Relics".

The theme of the International Museum Day in 1999 is: "Pleasures of discovery".

The theme of 2000 is: "Museums for Peace and Harmony in Society".

The theme of 2001 is: "Museums: buildingcommunity".

The theme for 2002 is: "Museums and Globalization".

The theme of 2003 is: "Museums and Friends"

The theme of 2004 is: "Museums and Intangible Heritage".

The theme of 2005 is: "Museum - a bridge of cultural communication".

The theme for 2006 is: "Museums and Youth (MuseumsandYoung)"

The theme for 2007 is: "Museums and Universal Heritage" "MuseumsandUniversalHeritage"

The theme for 2008 is: "Museums: the force of social change and development"

The theme for 2009 is: "Museums and Tourism (Museum and Tourism)"

The theme for 2010 is: " Museums For Social Harmony”

The theme for 2011 is: “Museums and Memory”

The theme for 2012 is: “Museums in a Changing World: New Challenges, new revelations"