Talk about your understanding of prison crisis management.

As a national penalty execution organ, the primary task of prison is to maintain the safety of supervision. In recent years, with the economic and social transformation in China, some new situations and problems have emerged in prison safety management in China, and prison emergencies have occurred frequently. How to establish and improve the crisis management system, including strengthening crisis awareness, establishing permanent professional crisis management institutions and establishing a sound scientific crisis management mechanism, has become a major task facing prison management in China.

Causes of prisoners' escape crisis

Some prison leaders and police lack crisis awareness. First of all, there is luck and paralysis in crisis management. The relative closeness of the prison, the relative independence of the prison area and the repetition of the work content make our police feel psychologically exhausted. Some people have developed an inertial mode of thinking, are content with the status quo, and have a fluky psychology. Lack of understanding of prisoners' activities makes them unable to prepare for danger in peacetime. Second, crisis management is dependent. Over-reliance on modern physical defense and technical defense means weakens the civil air defense system. Some prison leaders and police believe that monitoring can keep track of prisoners' every move at any time, the system is dispensable, and the swipe door and infrared device can prevent the crisis from happening on the last line of defense, which leads to the idea of dependence. Third, there are coping ideas in crisis management. In some places, individual leaders didn't put workplace safety at the top of their work, but just "talked verbally, wrote on paper and posted on the wall" and made superficial articles, so that hidden dangers and loopholes could not be solved for a long time after being discovered. Crisis contingency plans and drills are effective guarantees for successfully coping with the crisis. However, under the heavy production pressure and disciplinary tasks, these often just stay on paper, in the form of posturing, coping with leaders and passing inspections.

China prisons generally lack permanent specialized institutions and professionals for crisis management. At present, China prisons generally lack permanent specialized crisis management institutions and unified professional management of the whole process of crisis management. The emergency handling institution established in the prison emergency plan is only a temporary emergency handling institution, which is composed of managers of the prison system and various departments in the prison. The relevant departments are often fragmented and lack unified organization and coordination. The members of the organization are also composed of officials from various departments, lacking professionals, and the decision-making level and processing ability are also affected. After the emergency is handled, the temporary institutions and personnel will be dissolved.

China's prison crisis prevention mechanism is not perfect. Different from developed countries, prison crisis management generally focuses on pre-crisis prevention. In China, prison crisis management tends to "focus on the middle and neglect the two ends", and the focus of work is still limited to post-crisis treatment, while the efforts in pre-crisis prevention and process management are not enough. Because there is no permanent organization to command and coordinate the early warning work of various departments, many effective civil air defense systems have been abandoned or formalized in practice, so there is a lack of real and comprehensive early warning information and scientific, targeted and operable emergency plans. Once a crisis occurs, we can only respond passively.

The resources of prison crisis management are insufficient. The first is the lack of police resources. The shortage of police force is a common phenomenon in prisons in China, and many prisons are far from meeting the standards in the Outline of the People's Police Team Construction Plan of the Ministry of Justice. Judging from the quality of police resources, the prison police in China have almost no professional background of criminal investigation and knowledge of crisis management, and lack a keen sense of smell and the ability to judge clues before emergencies, so they are at a loss when emergencies occur. In addition, due to long working hours, great mental stress and lack of opportunities for further study, the knowledge structure can not be improved and updated, and it can not meet the requirements of prison crisis management in the new situation in practical work.

Secondly, the physical defense technology needs to be improved. Prisons in China are generally equipped with technical defense facilities, such as video surveillance facilities. Video surveillance monitors images through the camera, and the server records the monitored images and collects and processes the videos. It can continuously monitor the monitoring site in real time, and record the monitoring content through the storage medium for checking at any time. However, the monitoring function is single, which is a passive after-the-fact monitoring, and the monitoring function is limited. The task of monitoring and supervision mainly depends on the eyes of the police, and even if there is an emergency, it is not easy to be detected.

The release mechanism of prison information is backward. So far, there is no law on the disclosure of crisis information in China, so the content, degree and time of prison information disclosure are still very arbitrary and the procedures are not standardized. In addition, the lack of benign communication with the media has led to constant social rumors, and prisons have been pushed to the forefront after emergencies, which has aggravated social panic.

The performance appraisal mechanism of crisis management is not perfect. Although prisons can reduce the probability and possibility of emergencies through effective daily management, they cannot completely eliminate the possibility of emergencies or situations in prisons. The "zero escape" standard of prison crisis assessment in China is unscientific, and the assessment content only pays attention to the results, not to the assessment process, and sometimes even makes the crisis management deviate from the right direction, which hurts the police's work enthusiasm and feelings.

Enlightenment of Prison Break Crisis on Prison Crisis Management in China

Strengthen the crisis awareness of prison leaders and police. To manage emergencies scientifically and build a complete emergency management system, we must first establish a sense of crisis in times of peace. Cultivating crisis awareness is the fundamental prerequisite for effectively implementing all emergency management. Prison leaders should understand crisis management from the height of building a harmonious society and adjust and update their own ideas, ideas and strategies to deal with the crisis in time. Prisons should carry out various activities to make all police officers understand the complexity and severity of the current crime situation and the long-term and cruel struggle between supervision and reform and anti-reform, and follow suit to eliminate hidden dangers and avoid crises.

Establish a permanent professional organization and personnel team for prison crisis management. Our prisons can learn from the experience of developed countries. For example, American prisons often set up special riot control teams or emergency response teams to deal with possible violations. China prison system can establish a vertical two-level crisis management organization from the Prison Bureau of the Ministry of Justice to the prison, and carry out crisis management according to the level of emergencies. The crisis management organization of the Ministry of Justice should invite relevant crisis management experts and prison management experts to participate in crisis management, so that experts can play a professional role in crisis decision-making and become the think tank and core of crisis decision-making. Improve the decision-making level of prison crisis management in China. The prison establishes a permanent crisis management organization to carry out crisis early warning, crisis handling and crisis assessment, and deploys police with certain professional knowledge and crisis management ability to participate in the daily work of the crisis management organization, so as to improve the prison's ability to prevent, control and handle crises. Crisis groups can also be established according to different types of crises.

Improve the early warning mechanism of prison crisis management. First, we must implement various safety management systems, obtain information, make timely judgments and make timely warnings. The safety inspection system and the civil air defense system are effective crisis management systems based on science, which have been passed down by our prisons through years of experience. In daily management, the police obtain real and effective information through the implementation of the management system, and under the unified leadership of the prison crisis management organization, conduct analysis and judgment, and timely warn. Second, we must improve the emergency plan and do a good job in emergency drills. The emergency plan for prison emergencies must proceed from actual combat, fully consider the suddenness, unpredictability and harmfulness of emergencies, and be operable. From passive response to active defense.

Perfecting the guarantee mechanism of prison crisis management in China. The first is to strengthen the security of police resources. Police resources can be divided into quantity and quality, including quantity and quality. On the one hand, prisons should constantly increase the number of police officers to meet the needs of daily management, on the other hand, they should constantly improve the crisis management ability of police officers through recruitment, training and practical training. At the same time, it is inclined to the frontline police in terms of material reward, further study and promotion. Mobilize their enthusiasm and improve work efficiency. The second is to strengthen technical protection. Under the new situation at home and abroad, the society has higher and higher requirements for prison safety and improving the quality of criminal reform, and the prison supervision and reform work is facing new challenges.

Establish and improve the prison information release mechanism. The first is to establish a spokesperson system. Establishing a press spokesman system and informing the media and the public of prison measures in time can actively guide public opinion, gain the understanding and support of the broad masses, and enhance the active position of prison speech. The second is to follow the principle of crisis public relations. The principle of the first time: after an emergency happens, the prison must release information by the spokesman at the first time. Principle of honesty: Prison should be sincere in its attitude towards crisis and be brave in taking responsibility. Emotional principle: after an emergency, the prison should comfort and encourage the police. For emergencies with casualties, the spokesman should first show concern and concern for the safety of life and property of the police and the public, and establish a friendly image in the eyes of the police and the public. Principle of consistency of speech: after an emergency, the prison should be unified by the designated press spokesman, so as to speak with one voice and ensure the formation of effective external communication channels. The third is to broaden the channels of news information release. After the crisis, in addition to actively holding press conferences and using traditional media to release information, we should also make full use of the Internet to release information. Or set up a special Weibo to actively and timely communicate with the public. Negative remarks should not be ignored, but should be refuted with reasons and evidence, so that the public can clearly understand the facts and thus resolve the crisis. The fourth is to constantly improve relevant laws and regulations. It is necessary to standardize the contents and procedures of crisis information release in detail to provide legal guarantee for the release of prison crisis information.

Establish a scientific assessment, reward and punishment mechanism and strengthen process management. At present, target management is adopted in the process of prison crisis management in China, and the assessment of rewards and punishments is linked to whether the crisis occurs or not. However, objective laws determine the possibility and inevitability of the crisis. Therefore, on the one hand, process management should be strengthened in crisis management. It is necessary to strengthen the scientific and effective management process design, standardize job responsibilities, and establish phased goals for daily management. On the other hand, it is necessary to establish a scientific and perfect assessment system. Whether to perform job responsibilities, whether to follow the prescribed procedures, and complete the phased goals should be regarded as the reward and punishment standard. Let the responsibility closely follow the post and the interest closely follow the behavior, combine the behavior with the goal, and give full play to the guiding and stimulating role of the reward and punishment mechanism.