The root causes of the outbreak of war in Syria

The root cause of the outbreak of the Syrian war, the arena of the West

In March 2011, many Syrian students were arrested after graffitiing anti-government slogans. Their parents immediately began demonstrations, and the government Relevant personnel were also dispatched to suppress the protests, which escalated and eventually turned into a war between the Syrian government and the opposition. The war in Syria has now lasted 10 years.

Rather than being alleviated, the situation has become more complicated due to the participation of international forces. Although the opposition demonstrations were the direct trigger, there are many reasons for the outbreak of the war in Syria. To understand the underlying causes of the war in Syria, a brief understanding of Syrian history is necessary.

As early as around 3000 BC, city-states had appeared in Syria and became an important part of the Mesopotamian civilization. Syria has a superior geographical environment and is located in the connecting zone between Asia, Africa and Europe. Its strategic importance is evident. Therefore, Syria has attracted competition from many countries since ancient times.

Since the 8th century, Syria has been occupied by multiple empires, including Azov, Macedonia, Rome, Arabia, Mongolia and the Ottoman Empire. Syria's fate took a turn during World War I. The Ottoman Empire was defeated in World War I and had to cede territory to pay compensation, and Syria became a French colony.

During World War II, de Gaulle made a promise to gain support from Syria. If all went well, Syria would be allowed to become independent in 1941. However, France still deployed troops in Syria, and Syria did not actually declare independence until April 1946. Syria is located in the Middle East and its position is still very important. However, the newly independent Syria was weak and could not resist the invasion of other countries. The Soviet Union, as the "Red Empire" at the time, was powerful, so Syria chose to seek asylum from the Soviet Union.

Turkey, who was on good terms with the United States, was dissatisfied with this and launched attacks on Syria many times. Syria was affected by the Egyptian resistance movement and decided to join Egypt. After the merger of the two countries, they became the Arab Federation *** and The alliance of countries in the Middle East obviously endangers the interests of the United States, so the United States has taken measures to prevent Iraq and Jordan from joining this federation.

In addition to the intervention of American forces, cracks began to appear within the federation. Syria joined it as an equal, but Egypt began to gradually turn Syria into its own client state. All political parties in Syria were controlled by the Egyptian government. Disbanded and even interfered with its food and customs, Egypt hoped to annex Syria without bloodshed.

In just three years, Egypt completely transformed Syria. All walks of life in Syria were also dissatisfied with this situation. In 1961, Syrian officials launched a coup and announced their withdrawal from the so-called Arab Federation and the Arab League. , Syria finally gained independence. Looking at Syria's national development process, we can find out.

Syria has always been occupied and suffered from colonial oppression. The brutal rule has aroused public dissatisfaction and led to civil strife. In addition to the unstable internal environment, religious issues are also a huge hidden danger in Syria. The Middle East is located in the connecting zone of three continents, and the development of religion is complicated. Although all Middle Eastern countries believe in Islam, the differences and contradictions between various sects are also very complicated. big.

Most of the countries in West Asia are Sunni, but the ruling party of Syria, which considers itself an Arab country, is from Shia. However, the majority of Syria's population is Sunni Arabs. Religious minorities have come to power in Syria, dividing the Syrian population and showing clear hostility from many Arab countries.

In this case, even if the people intend to launch a revolution, they are unable to cooperate with the relevant parties. Differences in beliefs prevent the people from becoming allies with the parties, so they continue to seek help from other forces, which also leads to many new contradictions. . In this context, terrorist organizations have found a suitable breeding ground in Syria.

Anti-Shiite organizations have even emerged in Syria and developed into domestic opposition forces. Huge conflicts arise between the government and the people because of issues of faith. Such domestic disputes also create huge hidden dangers for the outbreak of war. . At the same time, Syria's human rights issues have also been criticized, and many international organizations have criticized Syria in this regard.

Syria implements a single party system and maintains authoritarian rule in a modern society, further exacerbating popular dissatisfaction. The Syrian army holds strong power, and ordinary people may be arrested or imprisoned at any time.

Discrimination against ethnic minorities and women is very serious in Syria. Various actions in Syria run counter to the trend of international progress. Both the domestic people and the international community have expressed dissatisfaction with Syria, but this status quo has not changed.

Syria is rich in oil and mineral resources, but the oil resources have also been declared in emergency. The turmoil in the domestic situation has caused a devastating blow to economic development. Years of war have also caused Syria’s economy to decline and social problems have become more serious. , and the domestic situation has also fallen into a vicious cycle.

Syria’s resources and geographical location determine its special status. Saudi Arabia and other neighboring countries have coveted Syria for a long time. Egypt, which once attempted to annex Syria, continues to decline. Although Egypt once forced Syria into a desperate situation, it is an important partner in the fight against Turkey and Israel. The decline of Egypt's strength has also affected Syria.

Egypt even had a truce with Israel. Syria was in a more difficult situation after losing its allies. Many territories were occupied by Israel. Iraq was no longer close to Syria. The turbulence of the international situation also profoundly affected the changes in the regional situation. More importantly, Syria has become a battlefield between the United States and Russia.

As the domestic conflicts in Syria gradually escalate, the United States and other Western countries have also intervened in the situation. Russia regards Syria as its important ally in the Middle East. The United States has intervened, and Russia certainly cannot sit back and wait. In addition, EU countries are also involved in the war. Although they have not explicitly expressed support for any party, France and other countries have launched attacks on Syria and have repeatedly criticized Syria in the international community.

It can be seen that the direction of the Syrian war can no longer be determined by Syria’s domestic forces. The United States and other Western countries are pursuing their own interests under the banner of overthrowing the dictatorship. Former US President Trump once publicly stated that the US military So staying in Syria is to rob local oil resources.

In short, many reasons such as historical issues, national religious conflicts, various shortcomings in the field of human rights, decline in economic development, rapid changes in regional situations, intervention by world powers, etc., led to the outbreak of the Syrian war and continues to this day.