Agricultural machinery science and technology paper sample 3000 words

Agricultural machinery is an important symbol of the development of modern agriculture. In recent years, the state has increased its support for the development of agricultural machinery and the policy of subsidy for the purchase of agricultural machinery has continued to deepen. I have compiled a 3,000-word sample paper on mechanical science and technology for those who are interested. Dear friends, you can come and read it!

Mechanical Science and Technology Paper Sample 3000 Words Part 1

Agricultural Machinery Safety Production

[Abstract] Agricultural mechanization is the key to the development of modern agriculture An important sign is that in recent years, the state has increased its support for the development of agricultural mechanization and deepened its agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy. Agricultural mechanization in She County has achieved rapid development, but the increasingly prominent agricultural machinery safety has faced new challenges, such as agricultural transportation. , mechanical operations, processing and mechanical electrical operations (currently, most small machinery uses electricity and gasoline power instead of diesel power), etc. The issue of agricultural machinery production safety has attracted the attention of the whole society and has become the primary task currently faced by the agricultural machinery management department. Work 's top priority. I have been engaged in agricultural machinery management at the grassroots level for more than 20 years, and I have a deep understanding of the importance of agricultural machinery safety. This article summarizes several measures and measures to prevent rural agricultural machinery accidents by analyzing the main factors that currently affect and restrict agricultural machinery safety production. The suggestions are intended to provide some reference for the safe production of agricultural machinery.

[Keywords] Agricultural machinery production safety measures and suggestions

[Chinese Library Classification Number] S23 [Document Identification Code] A [Article Number] 1003-1650 (2013)12- 0169-02

With today’s rapid economic development, people’s lives are undergoing rapid changes, and production and lifestyles have also undergone tremendous essential changes. Especially under the guidance of the central government's policy on developing modern agriculture and building new rural areas and the Huangshan City Advanced Automated Agriculture Development Outline, the agriculture of Shexian County, Huangshan City, Anhui Province has basically realized the development of modern agriculture with small agricultural machinery as the main body. The basic requirements reflect the four major advantages of modern agriculture: production, efficiency, automation and demonstration.

1. The main factors currently affecting and restricting the safe production of agricultural machinery

1. The increase in the number of agricultural machinery in rural areas is an inevitable factor in the increase in accidents of various agricultural machinery

Since the 1980s, our country has vigorously developed rural areas, the rural economy has developed rapidly, and farmers’ income has been greatly improved. Many farmers used their accumulated capital to purchase small tractors and agricultural tricycles to help agricultural transportation and production, and enjoyed a small number of indicators during the planned economy period at that time. Diesel policy. In Shexian County, Huangshan City, Anhui Province, it is very popular in rural areas to buy an agricultural three-wheel or four-wheel tractor for plowing land, sowing seeds, transporting crops, delivering fertilizer, and selling grain, going to the market, and visiting relatives and friends for 6,000 yuan. Relevant data show that the number of small agricultural tractors in my country reached 16.5 million units at the end of 2004; this does not include a considerable number of agricultural three-wheelers. The increase in the number of these agricultural machinery will inevitably lead to a surge in rural agricultural machinery accidents.

2. The safety awareness and legal awareness of agricultural machinery users are weak

In recent years, rural roads have been improved due to the "Village to Village" policy, and agricultural deformed vehicles have replaced three-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles. Tractors; especially in 2008, the central government implemented a subsidy policy for the purchase of agricultural machinery. The number of farmers purchasing machinery increased sharply, and a large number of new agricultural machinery poured into the countryside. Since more young people go out to work, they are older, have poor safety awareness, and have backward legal concepts. Farmers with poor driving skills and low cultural literacy have become members of the agricultural machinery operating team. Due to the lack of operational technical training and safety publicity and education, their performance is worrying. They violate traffic regulations at work, which has a negative impact on rural road safety. A huge hidden danger. In particular, some people engage in illegal behaviors such as driving on the road without a license, overloading and speeding, carrying passengers in agricultural vehicles, and driving under the influence without relevant training. Although some people have driving licenses, they lack relevant awareness of agricultural machinery safety and do not systematically inspect agricultural machinery. Maintenance and repair, which poses a serious threat to the safe production of agricultural machinery.

3. At present, the government’s lack of coordination in the management of rural agricultural machinery is one of the important reasons for agricultural machinery accidents

The management scope between government functional departments is uncertain and there is a lack of supervision. Coordination. For example, regarding the management of agricultural vehicles (tractors), the traffic police department, transportation department, and agricultural machinery department before the implementation of the "Road Traffic Safety Law" have certain management rights according to relevant laws and regulations. It can be determined that the scope of agricultural vehicles has been revised, and management lacks coordination. Sex, there are some blind spots.

4. Farmland and road safety inspections (reviews) are not strong enough, and the annual inspection rate and traffic accident insurance rate are not high

Agricultural machinery safety inspections are the prerequisite for safe production using agricultural machinery. Annual inspections Trial and compulsory traffic insurance is a guarantee for the safety of agricultural machinery and its drivers and compensation for accidents. However, the current farmland and road safety inspection (review) cannot meet the requirements of low utilization rate of agricultural machinery in mountain villages, small scope of use, rapid replacement of old and new agricultural machinery, and the growing number of agricultural machinery. The relevant equipment used for testing is outdated or seriously lacking, and the failure to collect testing fees from operators makes the annual inspection (review) work passive. Many agricultural machinery drivers have improved awareness of purchasing agricultural machinery and applying for driver's licenses, but they have incomplete concepts about annual inspections of agricultural machinery and compulsory traffic insurance.

5. Insufficient awareness of agricultural machinery safety precautions, safety publicity and imperfect accident emergency response system

Due to the seasonality and independence of agricultural machinery production, the whole society has a negative attitude towards the publicity and promotion of laws and regulations on agricultural machinery. There is insufficient awareness of the importance of safety knowledge education and training, and insufficient awareness of safety precautions. The scope of agricultural machinery production is wide and the impact is small. As a result, the specialized emergency response system for agricultural machinery safety accidents is not yet complete.

2. Several measures and suggestions to prevent rural agricultural machinery accidents

1. Increase publicity and strive for the understanding and support of the whole society

Previous , Some relevant leaders lack understanding and guidance on the necessity and importance of agricultural machinery safety management, resulting in ineffective agricultural machinery safety management. The government and society should give more support to the development of agricultural mechanization, pay attention to the safety of agricultural machinery production, and make full use of various public opinion resources such as TV, rural radio, blackboard newspapers, newspapers, text messages and (rural brigade distributes leaflets,) to hold agricultural machinery related knowledge lectures etc., create all publicity opportunities, and go all out and unswervingly publicize agricultural machinery safety laws and regulations and common sense of safe production. Only when the legal concept and safety awareness of the majority of farmers are raised to a higher level, and when farmers consciously abide by the law and act in accordance with the regulations, can the occurrence of agricultural machinery accidents in rural areas be substantially reduced.

2. Organize agricultural machinery safety inspections to strengthen operator safety learning

One of the important contents of agricultural machinery safety management is agricultural machinery production safety inspection. This measure can promptly remedy the driver’s illegal operations. It can reduce and avoid the occurrence of related accidents, which is one of the secrets of scientific management of agricultural machinery safety. Agricultural machinery safety management departments should strengthen the construction of agricultural machinery management teams at the grassroots level, especially in villages, and increase inspections of farmland and roads. Educate operators to strictly demand themselves, not to relax their vigilance, and to correct inappropriate behavior in a timely manner. Agricultural machinery drivers and operators should make full use of their off-farm time to learn operating skills, improve their awareness of safe operations, and conduct tests in strict accordance with standards. Those who fail the test or do not take the test will not be able to obtain a driving license and are strictly prohibited from driving and operating agricultural machinery. This will help improve the quality of agricultural machinery operators. According to the local reality and its own characteristics, on the eve of the peak season of spring plowing and autumn harvest agricultural machinery operations, it is necessary to carry out a variety of activities to exchange technical experience with surrounding operators, improve on the original basis, and become a model for everyone. You must also often study agricultural machinery accident cases, analyze their causes, and find out ways to avoid accidents, so that you can understand the technology, methods, and operations.

3. Ensure agricultural machinery supervision funds and improve supervision equipment

Governments at all levels should ensure the funds required for agricultural machinery management in accordance with the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, establish and improve the agricultural machinery safety management responsibility system, Increase efforts to manage agricultural machinery management project funds, equip the agricultural machinery management department with targeted equipment to serve operators, make this department team-oriented and professional, greatly improve work efficiency, and continuously improve the conditions for agricultural machinery safety management and law enforcement, and in While ensuring the development of publicity, education, safety inspections, etc., staff involved in agricultural machinery management must be included in the guidance of civil servants, so as to ensure administration in accordance with the law and make law enforcement more professional.

4. Strengthen the quality monitoring of agricultural machinery and strictly abide by the scrap regulations

First of all, the relevant departments of agricultural machinery management should conduct detailed inspections of agricultural machinery in the region and inspect those old ones that have been used for a long time. Old agricultural machinery must undergo a comprehensive and systematic safety assessment, and the assessment report must be as detailed as possible. All agricultural machinery that meets the requirements should be recorded, inspected and managed on a regular basis and must not be ignored. Any machinery that fails the inspection will be sealed and scrapped in strict accordance with laws and regulations. The agricultural machinery department should pay attention to the owners of agricultural machinery that are scrapped, and relevant departments should provide subsidies. If it is discovered that sealed or scrapped agricultural machinery is involved in agricultural production, the agricultural machinery authorities should be notified and severe penalties will be imposed on illegal operators. The reliability of agricultural machinery is very important. It affects the quality of agricultural production and is one of the important prerequisites for the safe production of agricultural machinery. Only by truly paying attention to it can we protect the lives and property of our farmers to the greatest extent.

References

[1] Wang Jiebo, Wang Kun, Zhang Chunping. Safety production of rural agricultural machinery cannot be ignored [J]. Anhui Agricultural Machinery, 2005, 01: 6-8.

[2] Liang Jun. Hidden safety hazards in the production of facility agricultural machinery cannot be ignored [J]. China Agricultural Machinery Supervision, 2010, 05: 24-25.

[3] Li Pingxiang. Countermeasures for safe production of agricultural machinery [J]. Agricultural Technology and Equipment, 2010, 16: 29-31.

Mechanical Science and Technology Paper Sample 3000 Words Part 2

Agricultural Machinery Fuel Saving Measures

The summary introduces several principles that should be mastered when purchasing agricultural machinery, and analyzes fuel-saving measures for agricultural machinery from the aspects of maintenance, maintenance and good driving habits that are conducive to fuel saving, in order to Provide reference for more effective fuel saving during agricultural machinery operation.

Keywords agricultural machinery; fuel saving; principles; maintenance; maintenance; driving habits

CLC classification number S232.6 Document identification code A Article number 1007-5739(2015)15 -0204-01

Agricultural machinery fuel saving has always been a matter of great concern to the majority of operators. It involves the vital interests of the majority of operators. Fuel saving cannot be limited to one aspect. Through understanding various types of Only by understanding the performance characteristics of agricultural machinery and tools, mastering the correct way to use them to save fuel, developing good driving habits, and applying them in various aspects can we achieve fuel and energy conservation, thereby achieving the purpose of improving economic benefits.

1 Principles for purchasing agricultural machinery

First, combine the actual local conditions and choose a model with stable operating performance, strong power, high-quality after-sales service, and sufficient maintenance parts. Secondly, Choose models that comply with national standards and industry department certification, and then choose energy-saving models that meet local agricultural needs and have excellent overall performance. Only when the above conditions are met can the goal of energy saving and fuel saving be truly achieved.

　2 Maintenance of Agricultural Machinery

Routine maintenance is very important for fuel saving. When the locomotive is working, due to the frequent operation and bumps of the machine, some parts may become loose and cause damage. Oil leakage occurs, especially in key components such as diesel filters, high-pressure oil pipes, fuel tank switches, and oil pipe joints. For this reason, it is very necessary to inspect the above components before starting the machine, not only for driving safety, but also to effectively reduce fuel consumption and improve economic benefits.

As the running time of agricultural machinery increases, the precision parts of the machine wear out, resulting in a reduction in its effective power, such as the fuel system, cylinder piston assembly, and gas distribution system. In order to achieve the same power, higher fuel consumption will be generated. . Therefore, daily and reasonable maintenance can ensure that agricultural machinery remains in the best technical condition and is the primary factor in reducing fuel consumption.

2.1 Avoid overload operation during the running-in period

The running-in period is a necessary process for newly purchased agricultural machinery, and it is also a process that most agricultural machinery operators tend to ignore. After buying a new machine, Hurrying to drive a fast or heavy vehicle on the road is a big burden for a new machine, and is not conducive to the new machine's running-in. During the running-in process, firstly, the load must be within its rated power; secondly, the speed of the locomotive must be controlled. It is advisable to drive at a constant speed and avoid sudden acceleration, sudden deceleration, sudden braking, etc.

2.2 Regular maintenance of the filter

Do a good job in daily cleaning and maintenance of the "three filters" to ensure that the "three filters" have good working performance. Generally, diesel locomotives have traveled a certain mileage. Based on 5,000 km, diesel filter, air filter, and oil filter accessories should be replaced in a timely manner. Because the blockage of the air filter will cause the air intake to decrease, resulting in insufficient diesel combustion, reduced fuel efficiency, and the locomotive's inability to work. If the cross section of the air filter is blocked by more than 1/3, the fuel consumption will increase by more than 2. Diesel filter The blockage will also cause abnormal fuel supply to the engine, resulting in reduced power and increased fuel consumption.

　2.3 Check the tire pressure

Ensuring the normal tire pressure can effectively save fuel, because tire pressure that is too high or too low will increase tire wear and shorten the life of the tire. , and increase fuel consumption, which is not conducive to driving safety. Therefore, before driving, you should always check whether the tire pressure is normal. In order to ensure that the tire pressure of equipment is normal, inflate according to the marked standard pressure in spring and autumn. The air pressure ratio in summer is The standard air pressure is 2 to 3 lower than the standard, and is 2 to 3 higher than the standard in winter. That is, the air pressure in summer takes the lower limit of the specified value, and the air pressure in winter takes the upper limit of the specified value.

　2.4 Regularly replace lubricating oil

According to the actual operating conditions of the locomotive, the lubricating oil should be replaced in time. Failure to change the oil in time will increase the wear of parts and thus increase fuel consumption. Changing the oil in advance will cause unnecessary waste of oil and cause another kind of fuel consumption. At the same time, the frequency of lubricating oil replacement should be adjusted according to the season and operating environment.

2.5 Ensure that the bearing components are in normal operating condition

The bearing components should not be too tight or too loose when the machine is running, to ensure that they maintain smooth operation. Otherwise, it will cause machine wear and tear. Increase fuel consumption. Therefore, when installing the machine, pay attention to check the tightness of the screws at each connection part.

2.6 Correct use of diesel fuel

Diesel oil becomes cleaner after 48 hours of precipitation, which can improve the stability of the engine injection valve assembly and the injection pump plunger assembly, and can provide good service for the engine. The advanced oil supply system provides the best oil supply status to achieve effective fuel saving. At the same time, it can also ensure the effective service life of the engine and save the cost of machine investment for the majority of agricultural machinery operators.

3 Maintenance of agricultural machinery

3.1 Preventing fuel leakage

The engine should be visually inspected regularly, the engine should be tested for fuel consumption regularly, and the oil should be installed. Use a volume calibrator to deal with leakage in a timely manner. The prevention of fuel leakage is, on the one hand, from the perspective of reducing fuel consumption, and on the other hand, from the perspective of safe driving. Fuel leakage cannot be taken lightly.

3.2 Adjust the fuel supply advance angle

If the fuel supply advance angle is too small or too large, it will often cause insufficient and incomplete diesel combustion, resulting in exhaust smoke, inability to work, and increased fuel consumption. (The injection angle is 3 to 4 degrees earlier than specified, and fuel consumption increases by about 2). For this reason, the majority of operators must promptly adjust the fuel supply advance angle according to the operating procedures for the diesel engine fuel supply advance angle.

3.3 Adjust the injection pressure in time

For injectors that have been used for a long time, due to wear of the needle valve parts, the injection pressure should be appropriately lowered than the standard injection pressure. The pressure is about 409 kPa, which can avoid oil dripping and oil leakage, ensure good diesel atomization, and reduce fuel consumption.

3.4 Adjusting the valve clearance

Adjusting the size of the valve clearance can effectively control the intake and exhaust volumes of the engine, thereby affecting fuel consumption. The engine has been used for a long time (continued from page 209)

(continued from page 204)

The valve phase angle is reduced due to wear of gears and camshafts, and should be appropriately reduced Valve clearance to compensate for the reduction in valve timing angle. If the machine has a long service life and the camshaft is seriously worn, it must be replaced in time. Otherwise, not only the power will be reduced, but also the fuel consumption will be increased.

3.5 It is strictly prohibited to operate on a pathological condition

Under normal circumstances, the exhaust smoke of a diesel engine is colorless or light gray. If blue smoke, white smoke, or black smoke continues to appear during operation, It means that its technical condition is abnormal and it is working while sick. Blue smoke is mainly caused by engine lubricating oil entering the combustion chamber. This fault is often accompanied by excessive use of lubricating oil; white smoke is generally caused by water in diesel; black smoke is mainly caused by diesel burning in the absence of oxygen, most of which are caused by air filters. The cleaning device is dirty or clogged. When the above fault occurs, the cause should be found out in time, the fault should be eliminated, the diseased state of the diesel engine should be eliminated, and the fuel consumption should be reduced [1-3].

3.6 Ensure the overall operation of the multi-cylinder machine, and do not let the "sick cylinder" hold it back

According to test data, if one cylinder of a four-cylinder machine does not operate normally or cannot work, the consequences will be greatly affected. Increase fuel consumption. Once it is discovered that one cylinder of a multi-cylinder machine is not operating normally, the cause should be checked promptly and eliminated to ensure the stable operation of each cylinder and reduce fuel consumption. 3.7 Use clean diesel oil

Diesel oil is currently the main oil used for various agricultural machinery. Practice has proven that using precipitated and filtered diesel can extend the service life of precision parts in the engine. Before refueling, clear debris around the fuel tank to prevent dust from entering the fuel tank during the refueling process.

4 Good driving habits that are conducive to fuel saving

4.1 Warm up the car appropriately

Warming up the car for too long will increase fuel consumption. It is recommended to warm up the car for 1 to 3 minutes. , starting when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, allowing the locomotive to run at low speed for a certain distance to achieve the warm-up effect, and at the same time, it can also effectively reduce fuel consumption.

4.2 Try to drive at a constant speed

A good way to save fuel is to drive the motorcycle at the designed economic speed and avoid speeding. During actual driving, keep the engine speed within an appropriate range as much as possible to maintain the best indicator of reducing fuel consumption.

4.3 Correctly control gears

When changing gears when the engine speed is between appropriate speeds, agricultural machinery operators should avoid starting in high gears, because low-speed driving at high speeds often causes fuel consumption to exceed the normal value of 45 .

4.4 Plan the locomotive’s route in advance

Arrange a reasonable route for agricultural locomotives before operating, which can effectively reduce unnecessary trips, save time and reduce fuel consumption. Reduce turns and empty driving during driving, and minimize the number of stops along the way.

4.5 Avoid overload operations

It is not suitable to carry out load operations according to the effective power indicated on the power nameplate. It is not suitable to use a small horse to pull a large cart, which will cause a sudden increase in fuel consumption. It is also not suitable to use a big horse. Pulling a trolley? It is easy to waste resources.

4.6 Select soil with suitable humidity for operation

Various soils have different humidity and different resistance. When cultivating, the operator should choose a humidity range with smaller resistance for operation. , the average fuel consumption at this time is relatively low. Too dry or too wet will increase the working resistance of the soil, thus increasing the fuel consumption of agricultural machinery.

4.7 Operate agricultural machinery reasonably and correctly

In daily agricultural farming, make reasonable plans for the plots to be farmed to prevent repeated farming.

At the same time, according to the actual conditions of the land, the vertical and horizontal directions of plow pulling must be kept horizontal, the installation method of rotary tillage blades must be correct, and the plowing depth must be consistent. When the resistance to farming is small and the machine speed should not be too fast, high-end small throttle operation can be used. When the engine water temperature is between 85 and 95°C, the thermal efficiency is the highest and the fuel consumption is the smallest. Operators should be proficient in keeping the engine water temperature within this range. It also achieves fuel-saving effects such as starting pre-warming, preventing deviation, stopping the engine, etc. [4-7].

5 References

[1] Cai Jiasheng, Cao Guojun, Zhang Sanqiang, et al. Agricultural machinery oil performance, use and purification [J]. Agricultural Technology and Equipment, 2014(24): 44-45.

[2] Chang Dongping. Simple method for quality identification of in-use engine oil [J]. Agricultural Machinery Use and Maintenance, 2015(4): 54.

[3 ] Lu Yongliang, Jia Yuanhua, Wang Lianfa. Effects of cooling water and oil temperature on small load economical performance of diesel engines [J]. Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2001(4): 114-115.

[4] Iron Gold .The meaning and selection of lubricating oil codes for diesel engines [J]. Southern Agricultural Machinery, 2008(4): 38-39.

[5] Hao Rongwei. Six precautions when using diesel engine oil [J]. Hebei Agricultural Machinery, 2005(5): 18.

[6] Ma Ye. Use of diesel engine oil [J]. Agricultural Machinery Safety Supervision, 2002 (Supplement 1): 181-182.

[ 7] Dong Yuechen, Lian Limei, Guo Jingcai. Technical requirements for the use of diesel engine oil and water [J]. Agricultural Machinery Use and Maintenance, 2004(1): 20.

Read? Mechanical Science and Technology Paper Sample 3000 words? People also read:

1. Agricultural machinery development paper sample

2. Agricultural machinery technology paper

3. Agricultural machinery paper

4. Sample essay on agricultural science and technology

5. Professional essay on agricultural machinery