What are the specific standards for cartons?

What are the specific standards for cartons? First, the appearance quality:

1, printing quality: the patterns and handwriting are clearly printed, the chromaticity is consistent, and they are bright and bright; The printing position error is not more than 7 mm for large boxes and 4 mm for small boxes;

2. Sealing quality: there is no leakage around the box body, and there is no sawtooth and tripping after the box cover is closed;

3. Dimensional tolerance: The tolerance between the inner diameter of the box and the design size should be kept within 5 mm for the large box and 3 mm for the small box, and the overall dimensions are basically the same;

4. Folding times of the cover: the corrugated box rocking cover is folded back and forth at 180 degrees for more than 5 times, and the total length of cracks on the surface layer, inner layer and inner layer of Class I and II boxes is not more than 70mm；;

In addition, it is required that the seams are standard, the edges are neat, there is no overlapping angle, and there is no obvious damage or stain on the surface of the box.

Second, the compressive strength of cartons and its influencing factors

The compressive strength of cartons is the most important quality index required by many commodity packaging. When testing, the corrugated box is placed between two pressure plates and pressurized to the pressure when the box collapses, that is, the compressive strength of the box, which is expressed by KN.

1, predetermined compressive strength of cartons

The cartons are required to have a certain compressive strength, because after packaging the goods, the cartons stacked on the lowest floor will be under the pressure of the cartons on the upper floor during storage and transportation. In order not to collapse, they must have appropriate compressive strength. The compressive strength of the carton is calculated by the following formula:

P = kW (n- 1)

Where: p-compressive strength of carton, n

W-carton weight after loading, n

N-stack layer

K-stacking safety factor

The stacking number n is calculated according to the stacking height h and the height h of a single carton, where n = h/h.

The safety factor of stacking is determined according to the number of layers of goods stacked, and the national standard stipulates that:

If the storage period is less than 30 days, take K= 1.6.

The storage period is 30d- 100d, and K= 1.65.

If the storage period is longer than 100d, K=2.0.

2. Calculate the compressive strength of the carton according to the raw materials.

After the compressive strength of cartons is predetermined, suitable cardboard and corrugated base paper should be selected to produce corrugated boxes to avoid waste caused by blind production;

There are many formulas for calculating the compressive strength of cartons according to the ring compressive strength of base paper, but Kellicott formula is more concise and practical, which is suitable for estimating the compressive strength of 020 1 cartons.

3. Determination method of compressive strength of cartons

Due to the influence of various factors in the production process, the final compressive strength of cartons made of raw materials may not be completely consistent with the estimated results, so the method to accurately determine the compressive strength of corrugated boxes is to test the cartons with a carton compressive testing machine after constant temperature and humidity treatment. For small and medium-sized factories without testing equipment, a wooden board can be covered on the carton, and then an equal amount of heavy objects can be piled on the wooden board to roughly judge whether the compressive strength of the carton meets the requirements;

4. Factors affecting the compressive strength of cartons

1), quality of raw materials

Base paper is the decisive factor to determine the compressive strength of cartons, which can be seen from Kellicott formula. However, the influence of other conditions in the production process of corrugated board can not be ignored, such as the amount of adhesive, impregnation, coating and composite processing.

2), moisture

Cartons made of corrugated cardboard with high water content or stored in humid environment for a long time will reduce their compressive strength. Fiber is a kind of water absorbent. In rainy season and when the air humidity is high, the humidity balance between cardboard and atmospheric environment is very important.

3), box type

Box type refers to the type of box that has obvious influence on compressive strength and the size ratio of the same type of box. Some cartons are made of double-layer corrugated cardboard, and the compressive strength is obviously improved compared with that of single-layer cartons of the same specification; Under the same conditions, the higher the box, the worse the stability and the lower the compressive strength.

4), printing and opening

Printing will reduce the compressive strength of cartons. Opening holes on the surface of the box or punching handle holes on the side of the box will reduce the strength of the carton, especially when the opening area is large and biased to one side.

5), processing technology deviation

In the process of box making, improper line pressing, too deep groove and weak combination will also reduce the compressive strength of the box.

Third, the dynamic efficiency test of cartons

Used for the packaging of certain commodities, such as ceramics, glass products, electrical appliances, instruments, etc. It is also necessary to test the cushioning effect of cartons on goods, that is, to simulate transportation, loading and unloading, vibration, falling and other tests;

1, drop test

The goods are packed from the specified height in different postures and then dropped into the carton, and after a certain number of times, the integrity of the goods packed in the carton or the number of drops when the carton is damaged is checked.

2. Slope impact test

Put the carton on the pulley and rotate, then slide down the slope with a certain height, and finally hit the baffle. It is similar to the emergency braking situation during transportation.

3. Vibration test

Put the goods packed in cartons on a vibrating table, so that they are subjected to horizontal and vertical vibration, or to bidirectional vibration at the same time. After a period of time, check the condition of the goods or the time elapsed when the carton of the goods is damaged.

4, hexagonal drum rotation test

Put the carton into a hexagonal drum with an impact plate, rotate it according to the specified number of revolutions, and then check the damage of the goods and cartons.

The above dynamic experiments are destructive. In order to improve the damage resistance of cartons and commodities, cushioning pads, partitions or other protective measures should be used when packaging commodities. In addition, some packaging cartons need spraying, weather resistance and other experiments, which can be agreed according to the contract between the two parties.

What is the specific content of the standard of self-confidence? It should be information literacy.

1998, American Library Association and Education and Communication Association formulated nine information literacy standards for students' learning, and summarized the specific contents of information literacy.

Standard 1: Students with information literacy can obtain information effectively and efficiently.

Standard 2: Students with information literacy can evaluate information skillfully and critically.

Standard 3: Students with information literacy can use information accurately and creatively.

Standard 4: As independent learners, students have information literacy and can explore information related to personal interests.

Standard 5: As an independent learner, students have information literacy and can appreciate the creative expression of works and other information.

Standard 6: As an independent learner, students have information literacy and the ability to strive for the best in information query and knowledge innovation.

Standard 7: Students who have made positive contributions to the learning community and society have information literacy and can understand the importance of information to a democratic society.

Standard 8: Students who have made positive contributions to the learning community and society have information literacy and can conduct ethical behaviors related to information and information technology.

Standard 9: Students who have made positive contributions to the learning community and society have information literacy and can actively participate in group activities to explore and establish information.

What are the specific national standards for PVC? Introduction of relevant national standards for PVC plastic products

GB3806-83 PVC plastic sandals

GB3807-83 PVC microporous plastic slippers

Flexible PVC calendered film (sheet)

Semi-rigid PVC block plastic floor

GB 42 19-84 rigid PVC pipes for chemical industry

Gb 4220-84 rigid PVC pipe fittings for chemical industry

Gb 4454-84 rigid PVC sheet

GB 5836-86 rigid PVC pipes and fittings for building drainage

Gb 6668-86 PVC knitted fabric-based foamed artificial leather

ZBY 2800 1-85 Hard PVC stair handrail

Calendered PVC hard sheet for food packaging

SG8-67 PVC plastic sole

SG22-73 PVC Plastics for Cable Industry

SG78-74 rigid PVC pipe

SG79-74 flexible PVC pipe

SG83-75 PVC artificial leather

SG 2 12-80 rigid PVC foam board

PVC gasket for SG 2 14-80 concrete sleeper

SG244-8 1+0 PVC foam sandals

SG245-8 1+0 Flexible PVC Extruded Board

Polyvinyl chloride sintered microporous diaphragm for SG 260-82 battery

SG3 1 1-83+0-83 Soft PVC Printing Film

SG 8 1-84 Soft PVC Blow Film

SG 384-84 PVC Sandwich Foamed Sandals

GB 88 14-88 rigid PVC profiles for doors and window frames

Gb88 15-88 soft PVC plastic for wire and cable

Gb 8945-88 PVC tablecloth

Gb 8948-88 PVC artificial leather

GB 968 1-88 Hygienic standard for PVC molded products for food packaging

Gb 10002 1-88 rigid PVC water supply pipe

GB 10002 2-88-88 rigid PVC water supply pipe fittings

Gb 100 10-88 medical PVC hose

GB 10804-89-89 rigid PVC interior door

GB 10805-89 rigid PVC film for food packaging

Gb119821-89 PVC coiled material floor

GB 13527 1/T-92 PVC hose for fluid transportation

GB 13527 2/T-92 PVC flexible sleeve for wire insulation

Gb 13020-9 1 rigid PVC

ZGY28006-88 rigid PVC U skirting board

ZBY28007-88 Low Foam PVC Mirror Wire

ZBG33008-89 PVC plastic corrugated pipe

ZBG33009-89 PVC heat shrinkable film and sleeve

Qb 1 127-9 1 soft PVC printing film

What are the specific requirements for export packing wooden cases? 1. Generally speaking, member countries purchasing under the framework of WTO require that ISPM# 15 of IPPC should be fumigated and disinfected before importing wooden pallets or wood products with raw surfaces.

2. Exporters must apply for fumigation and disinfection to IPPC-certified anti-virus company before export. After the certified manufacturer carries out anti-virus, the manufacturer will mark the computer number of IPPC on the relevant wooden tray, and upload the relevant information to the IPPC website for the customs of various countries to inquire.

3. Generally, wooden pallets with brand computer numbers do not need to be certified by the manufacturer unless the appearance of your products is not suitable for cooperation; Then the exporter must ask the certified anti-virus manufacturer to issue a certificate in advance, and the consignee must issue a certificate for customs inquiry when the goods are cleared.

What are the specific recruitment criteria for special forces? Let me tell you something. I am a retired petty officer of the special forces.

What are the specific diagnostic criteria for psoriasis? Psoriasis is a very common facial disease in daily life, and many people don't know much about the diagnostic criteria of psoriasis. Understanding the diagnostic criteria of psoriasis plays an important role in its early treatment. The following is a detailed introduction of our experts. Diagnostic criteria of psoriasis: 1. The onset is slow and easy to relapse. There is obvious seasonality, generally heavy in winter and light in summer. 2. It is common in scalp and limbs, especially elbow joint, and it often spreads all over the body. 3. Some patients can see nail lesions, ranging from punctate depression to deck thickening and loss of luster. Or can be seen in the mouth and mucosa. Bundles of hair can be seen in the scalp. 4. Skin lesions are initially inflammatory red papules from the tip of a needle to lentils, which are often distributed in drops and increase rapidly. The surface is covered with silvery white scales, just like mica. Film formation, cribriform hemorrhage and basal infiltration can be seen after shedding, and isomorphic reaction may occur. The old rash can be coin-shaped, disc-shaped, map-shaped, etc. 5. Histopathological examination showed hyperkeratosis and hypokeratosis of epidermis. There are neutral polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the stratum corneum, and the spinous layer is thickened. Epidermal processes extend downward regularly, dermal edema is rod-shaped, internal blood vessels dilate, and inflammatory cells infiltrate around the blood vessels. The above is a detailed introduction to the diagnostic criteria of psoriasis. I believe you have understood it and hope it will help you.

What are the specific standards for water and electricity installation in home improvement?

1, circuit standard:

Slotting on the wall: the depth of slotting on the wall is 0.5 times of the depth of 65438+ wire diameter. The advantage of this is that there will be a protective layer in the later stage, which is not easy to cause cracks on the wall.

Pipe binding: At the corner of the wall, the electrician bends the pipe with a professional pipe bender to ensure that it is horizontal and vertical. When fixing the pipe, the distance between the turning point and the fixing line is 200 mm, so that no matter how to replace the lining in the future, it will not affect the pipe shaking.

Pipe lock nut: all pipes are connected with each other, and there is a lock nut in the middle.

Bonding joint: When the catheter is not long enough to be spliced, it is necessary to bond the joints of two catheters together to ensure that the catheter will not be loose.

2, wire box wiring standard:

Between weak current and weak current: the spacing between boxes is 5cm. Between high pressure and high pressure: the spacing between boxes is 5cm. Between strong current and weak current: the spacing between boxes is 150-200mm. The reason why strict spacing requirements are formulated is mainly to consider the signal interference between strong current and weak current, but as long as the construction is carried out according to the standards, such problems will be avoided, which will provide convenience for the owners in the future.

3, floor heating wiring standard:

(1), the ground cannot be slotted to prevent damage to the floor heating structure.

(2) If the floor heating pipeline is changed, it will affect the heating in winter and make it difficult to maintain it later.

4, floor heating inspection standard:

Construction personnel will use 6pa pressure to receive, carry out construction under pressure, and send it for inspection after completion under pressure, so as to detect whether the floor heating pipeline is damaged in time. If you want to change the floor heating, you should pay attention. When replacing the floor heating, you must seriously consult the construction personnel, listen to the advice of professionals, choose the most feasible scheme for construction, and don't insist on renovation, otherwise the later maintenance will be very difficult.

5, toilet water and electricity construction standards:

(1). Water pipe standard of the sink: the height of the water pipe from the ground is 500mm, and the pipe spacing is 10cm, so that in the later installation, if it is a column basin, it can be completely hidden behind the column basin without affecting the appearance.

(2) Water heater pipe standard: the elevation is 1.8m from the ground, and the distance between hot and cold water pipes is 10cm.

(3) Water pipe standard of shower room: the water outlet is 1.2m from the ground, and the water pipe cannot be fixed in the upward 1m range. After tiling, the technical requirement of the outlet is 1mm away from the wall.

(4) Water pipe standard of the mop pool: the water pipe is 750 mm from the ground.

(5) Connection standard of toilet water pipes: the distance between the middle water pipe and the tap water pipe is 10 cm.

6, water pipe fixed standard:

The water pipes in the kitchen and bathroom are not fixed within a distance of 1 m from the water outlet, because the water outlet and tiles can not be guaranteed to be flat after being laid and leveled, so the water pipes need to be fixed by bricklayers, and the technical requirement of the water outlet is to be 1 mm from the wall. In the future use process, if the interface is not strict, the water will penetrate along the wall root and will not penetrate into the neighbor's house and downstairs.

7, toilet waterproof engineering standard:

The surface of the base course should be smooth, free from defects such as looseness, hollowing, sanding and cracking, and the moisture content should meet the construction requirements of waterproof materials. Waterproof and base must be pasted firmly. Additional waterproof layer should be made at the root and internal corner of the pipeline, and the leading edge of the additional layer should not be less than 50 mm ..

Ground waterproofing should extend from the ground to the wall, 300 mm; Above the ground; The door extends 300 mm outward and on both sides; ; Waterproof coating shall be painted evenly, and the boundary shall be clear and tidy.

The brush height of the sink is 1 100 mm, the brush height of the bathtub is 900 mm, and the brush height of the bathroom is 1800 mm ... We should be stricter about the construction requirements of the bathroom, because the wiring and waterproofing of water pipes are very important.

8, the kitchen hydropower construction standard:

(1), kitchen basin construction standard: the water pipe position is 600 mm from the ground.

(2) Construction standard of kitchen wire: take the center line of the wire box as the standard, and it is1.35m away from the ground. According to ergonomics, take1.72m as the standard height of human body, and then carry out construction and installation. The construction standard of kitchen water and electricity lines is completely people-oriented, with the aim of considering the convenience and safety of owners.

9, bedroom switch transformation standard:

All the modified switches are at a distance of150-200mm from the wall. Because the original switch position will affect the placement of furniture, you can touch the switch when you enter the door after transformation, which is also very convenient to use and can provide more space for your home.

10, construction standard for roof wiring:

Wiring standard of bathroom wall top: the wiring of bathroom wall top is the most important. The construction standard is generally that the electric conduit is above and the water pipe is below, which is not only convenient for maintenance, but also can ensure that it is horizontal and vertical, and it is not easy to be confused.