What is a sanitary ecological city?

"National Health City" is the highest honor of urban health work, an important symbol of a city's comprehensive function and civilization, and also the goal of the people of the city for many years.

People's Daily Online, Beijing, March 27th According to the website of the Ministry of Health, the office of the National Ivy Society recently organized relevant departments and experts to revise the National Hygiene Standard for Cities and the Naming Method for Assessment of National Hygiene Cities, and distributed them to the Ivy Society in all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans.

the national health city standards

I. Management of Patriotic Health Organizations

1 The municipal government implemented the Decision of the State Council on Strengthening Patriotic Health Work and incorporated patriotic health work into the overall plan of national economic development. The leaders of the municipal and district governments are personally responsible for the national health work, and the members of Ivy Association have a clear division of labor and clear responsibilities.

2, the city and district government put patriotic health work into the agenda, there are plans, arrangements, inspections and summaries.

3. The Ivy League in the city and district is well-organized, and the organization, staffing, personnel, funds and tasks of Ivy's office are implemented. It has working conditions suitable for the tasks and can organize and coordinate the committees to complete the patriotic health work tasks. Street offices and neighborhood committees have full-time patriotic health workers.

4, the city's patriotic health work has a long-term plan and annual plan, the implementation of the task.

5, often carry out various forms of health inspection appraisal.

6. There are regulations on patriotic health management in this Municipality. Spot check objects: city and district Ivy offices, various departments of Ivy Committee, sub-district offices, neighborhood committees, etc.

Second, health education.

L, sound health education institutions, personnel, equipment, funds and tasks, and can better perform the duties of the business technical guidance center.

2. All primary and secondary schools offer health education courses. According to the school health education evaluation scheme, the school's self-evaluation score is above 85, and the total score of five items, such as "startup rate", is not less than 95% of the self-evaluation. Technical secondary schools, secondary vocational schools and ordinary colleges and universities carry out various forms of health education.

3. There are health education columns in outpatient departments and inpatient departments of hospitals at all levels to provide various forms of health education to patients and their relatives. The awareness rate of related health knowledge of inpatients is ≥ 75%.

4. Actively carry out health education in communities and workplaces. The awareness rate of residents' basic health knowledge is ≥ 70%, the formation rate of residents' health behaviors is ≥ 60%, the training rate of female workers' occupational health care knowledge is ≥ 95%, and the awareness rate is ≥ 80%.

5. Mass media actively carry out health education. City newspapers, radio stations and television stations have health education columns to guide and supervise the activities of creating a national health city.

6. There are laws and regulations prohibiting smoking in public places promulgated by the Municipal People's Congress or the municipal government, and tobacco control work is carried out according to law. There are no tobacco advertisements in urban built-up areas.

7. Health education columns should be set up in major public places, including tobacco control and AIDS prevention. Publicity contents and materials of sexually transmitted diseases. Spot check objects: municipal health education institutes, schools, hospitals and neighborhood committees. Enterprises and institutions, public places, news organizations, etc.

Three. City appearance and environmental sanitation

L, conscientiously implement the relevant national laws and regulations on city appearance and environmental sanitation management, formulate rules and regulations suitable for the supervision and management of city appearance and environmental sanitation. Improve city appearance and environmental sanitation institutions and implement environmental sanitation funds. There is a medium-and long-term plan for the harmless treatment of urban garbage and feces, and the technical files of garbage and feces treatment are complete.

2, sanitation facilities and equipment intact rate of 98% or higher, do regular cleaning, disinfection, clean around without flies; The cleaning rate is 100%, the quality is good, and the mechanized cleaning rate in urban areas is not lower than 10%. Urban garbage containers are closed, garbage collection and transportation are closed, and garbage collection and transportation are scheduled. The daily output is clear, and the removal rate is 100%. Feces should be removed in time, and transport vehicles should be clean and sealed, and roads should not be polluted.

3. The construction and management of waste disposal site shall conform to the existing standards such as Technical Standard for Sanitary Landfill of Urban Domestic Waste, Hygienic Standard for Harmless Waste, Code for Design of Urban Waste Disposal Plant, Control Standard for Urban Agricultural Waste, and Pollution Control Standard for Domestic Waste Landfill Site. The harmless treatment rate of urban garbage is ≥ 80%. Actively carry out classified garbage collection, garbage reduction and comprehensive utilization of resources.

4. Public toilets shall be constructed and managed in accordance with the planning and design standards of urban public toilets and the sanitary standards of urban public toilets. The layout of public toilets is reasonable, the quantity is sufficient, and the management is standardized. Among them, the public toilets around bus terminals, tourist attractions, busy streets, key areas and large public places are not less than the second-class standard, and the proportion of public toilets above the second-class level in the city is not less than10%; In the cities north and south of 35 degrees north latitude, the toilet penetration rate is greater than 30% and 70% respectively.

5. The city appearance and environment are clean and tidy, streets and sidewalks are unblocked, roadside ditches are unblocked, there are no sewage pits, broken walls, exposed garbage and dregs, and there are no indiscriminate construction, littering, setting up stalls, drying clothes, scribbling and pasting, and spitting; Street units implement the "three guarantees" responsibility system for environmental sanitation in front of the door; Slogans, advertisements and doorplates along the street are set reasonably, and the patterns are standardized and complete; The balcony of the street building is clean and closed; Actively carry out lighting projects, and the telecommunications lines along the street are less exposed; There is no sanitary corner in the urban area, and there is no illegal feeding of livestock and poultry.

6, urban greening and beautification, the green coverage rate of the built-up area is more than or equal to 30%, the per capita green area is more than or equal to 5 square meters, and the urban streets are covered with flowers, grass and trees, basically eliminating the bare ground. The main streets have proper street greening and beautification attractions, and a number of garden-style units will be built.

7, bazaars management norms, the implementation of health system. Commodities are divided into cities, booths are neatly arranged, and employees' own health management is good; Equipped with full-time and part-time health management and cleaning personnel, complete water supply and drainage facilities, complete sanitation facilities, and public toilets and garbage stations that meet health requirements; Food stalls strictly implement the relevant provisions of the Food Hygiene Law. It is strictly forbidden to operate without a license or occupy the road.

8, the construction site management organization, health system implementation. The construction site shall be provided with isolation guardrails, the site shall be clean and tidy, and the materials shall be neatly stacked; Vehicle transportation without spilling or dripping; The staff canteen meets the hygiene requirements; Temporary toilets set up on the construction site are often kept clean. Spot check objects: primary and secondary roads, small streets and alleys, garbage stations, public toilets, bazaars, construction sites, urban-rural fringe areas, garbage disposal sites, etc.

Fourth, environmental protection.

L, the annual daily average of total suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere, the northern city is ≤ 0.350mg/m3, and the southern city is ≤ 0.250mg/m3. In the urban built-up area, monitoring shall be carried out according to the monitoring points determined by the national or provincial environmental protection administrative department, and the average effective days shall be no less than 56 days. In addition to the provisions of this Municipality, the monitoring results of general urban clean control points do not participate in the calculation of the city's average.

2, drinking water quality compliance rate of 95% or higher. The urban environmental monitoring department or the health and epidemic prevention department regularly monitors the source water for 6 times throughout the year and every other month, and the monitoring index is 14. Indicators that are not monitored every other month and are not monitored are counted as substandard. The sum of water intake from water source monitoring should account for more than 80% of the total water intake in the city.

3. The average regional environmental noise is ≤58 dB. In the urban built-up area, standardized monitoring shall be carried out according to the monitoring points determined by the national or provincial environmental protection administrative department.

4, smoke control area coverage rate of 90% or higher. Based on the sampling and acceptance results of the administrative department of environmental protection at the next higher level, and approved by the local people's government.

5. The compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge reaches 100%. According to the calculation of pollution load, the wastewater discharge of industrial enterprises accounts for more than 80% of the total pollution load and is included in the assessment scope.

6. The comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste is ≥ 80%. According to the solid waste production and comprehensive utilization provided by environmental statistics.

7. The treatment rate of urban domestic sewage is ≥ 30%. The primary treatment is converted to 80% of the actual capacity, and the secondary treatment is calculated according to the actual capacity. The effluent quality of secondary treatment is not up to standard or the treatment capacity exceeds the design treatment capacity, and it is converted to primary treatment. The best practical technology sewage treatment equipment must provide equipment model and periodic monitoring report of inlet and outlet water quality. If the effluent can not meet the requirements of secondary treatment, it will be converted to primary treatment.

8. Environmental protection investment index ≥ 1.5%. Investment in environmental protection is calculated according to the statistical range determined by the State Environmental Protection Administration, excluding ecological protection, operation of industrial pollution prevention facilities and factory relocation expenses. Indirect investment in municipal engineering, roads, water conservancy, flood control and drinking water projects is not included.

9. There have been no major environmental pollution and destruction accidents in the past two years. There were no major environmental pollution and damage accidents caused by local pollution sources in the two years before the assessment. Serious pollution accidents refer to death, poisoning 10 or more people, interruption of drinking water sources, large-scale failure of agricultural and sideline products or substantial reduction in production. The certificate is provided by the provincial environmental protection administrative department.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Public places and drinking water sanitation

Hygiene in public places

L, seriously implement the the State Council "public * * * places health management regulations", there are plans, inspections, health supervision, monitoring and technical guidance specifications, complete information.

2, business units should have a valid health permit, a sound health management system, equipped with full-time health management personnel. Employees must undergo physical examination and training, and obtain health certificates and health knowledge training certificates before taking up their posts. The transfer rate of "five diseases" workers reached 100%.

3, indoor and outdoor environment clean, health indicators meet the requirements of relevant national standards. The hotel should be equipped with special poison control room and cleaning and disinfection facilities, so as to manage and standardize the operation by special personnel. When the guest room and bathroom are cleaned and disinfected, the related items shall not pollute each other. Bedclothes such as pillowcases and sheets are changed by one guest, and long-term guests change them every Monday. In hotels without guest rooms and bathrooms, each bed should be equipped with washbasins and foot pads with different signs, and the air conditioning filters or fans in guest rooms should be clean and dust-free.

Hairdressing and beauty workers should wear work clothes when operating and masks when cleaning their faces. Cosmetic knives and brushes should be disinfected in time after use, and towels should be disinfected one by one. Mechanical ventilation is installed at the perm.

Smoking should be prohibited in the theater at intervals of not less than 30 minutes, and the auditorium with more than 800 seats should have mechanical ventilation or air conditioning devices. Tea sets and towels in dance halls should be cleaned and disinfected as required, so that one guest can change. It is strictly forbidden to use ultraviolet lamps with sterilization wavelength, talcum powder and smoke agents harmful to the health of the audience during business hours. The food and beverage produced and sold shall meet the hygiene requirements.

Public bathrooms and swimming places should be marked with signs prohibiting skin diseases and infectious patients from entering. The swimming pool should have a system to check the swimmer's health certificate, and the swimsuit should not be rented or lent. The water quality of swimming pool meets the hygienic standard, and it should be equipped with changing clothes, compulsory foot soaking disinfection pool, bathing room and toilet. Public bathhouses are equipped with disinfection facilities, and public tea sets, towels, slippers and bedding should be cleaned and disinfected as required.

The hygiene of airports, stations and ports should meet the requirements of national and industrial hygiene standards.

Hygiene of drinking water.

L, the water source of the water plant should be equipped with health protection signs, the protection distance should meet the health standards, and there is no pollution source within the protection scope. The water quality of the factory meets the hygienic standard, and the comprehensive analysis of water quality is carried out once a month as required, with complete data.

2. The secondary water supply facilities shall be cleaned and disinfected regularly every year, and measures shall be taken to ensure the safety of water quality and prevent secondary pollution. The water quality meets the hygiene requirements, and there are cleaning and disinfection records and water quality inspection report.

3. The personnel directly engaged in water supply in the water plant hold valid medical certificates.

4 health and epidemic prevention departments should supervise and manage waterworks and secondary water supply facilities as required, and provide complete relevant information. Spot check objects: health supervision institutions, public places, waterworks and secondary water supply facilities.

Intransitive verb food hygiene

1, conscientiously implement the Food Hygiene Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), with plans, inspections, health supervision, monitoring and technical guidance, and complete information.

2, food production and business units should have a valid health permit, a sound health management system, equipped with full-time health management personnel. Employees must undergo physical examination and training, and obtain health certificates and health knowledge training certificates before taking up their posts. The transfer rate of "five diseases" workers reached 100%.

3, food production and business units to sell food, should be separated from raw and cooked, payment for goods separately, there are fly-proof, dust-proof, rat-proof, moisture-proof facilities. The cleaning, disinfection and cleaning equipment and facilities for tableware and food containers are complete, and the configuration and layout are reasonable and meet the hygiene requirements. There should be a cold meat room for cold dishes. The chilled meat room should have a special room, special personnel, special tools, special refrigeration and special disinfection, and the staff should insist on changing clothes twice.

4. The area and proportion of restaurants and kitchens in food and beverage outlets shall conform to the provisions of the state or the provincial and municipal health administrative departments. Food preservation, tableware container storage, processing tools cleaning and other equipment and facilities meet the hygiene requirements. Disinfection room, cold meat room, roughing room, warehouse, toilet and garbage collection and storage facilities are arranged reasonably. Meet the hygiene requirements.

5, street food stalls should be centralized and unified management, it is strictly prohibited to operate without a license, occupy the road, not to take food in the open air, food sales should have dust-proof and fly-proof facilities, tableware should be cleaned and disinfected in strict accordance with the requirements.

6, food production enterprises should be in accordance with the requirements of the relevant food hygiene special or general specification for food production, should have a sound operating procedures, equipped with inspection room, products have passed the hygiene quality inspection, the relevant inspection information is complete.

7. There are measures to prevent food poisoning. Food poisoning in this city is on the decline, and the rate of finding out the cause of food poisoning is increasing year by year. In recent years, no major food poisoning and major food-borne diseases have occurred.

8, sales of packaged food signs meet the requirements, no expired food sales. Spot check: health supervision institutions, hotels, restaurants, grocery stores, food stalls, meat, cold drinks, pastry processing factories, schools, institutions and hospital canteens.

Seven. Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases

1, conscientiously implement the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in People's Republic of China (PRC), with plans, inspections, relevant supporting regulations and complete relevant information.

2, according to the provisions of the allocation of infectious disease management supervisor, to carry out supervision and management work according to law.

3, medical institutions should be equipped with prevention and health care organizations or full-time staff, should have a sound control of nosocomial infection, epidemic registration and reporting system. Establish and improve outpatient logs, set up intestinal clinics, and set up publicity columns for prevention of infectious diseases and health education.

4. There are no outbreaks of Class A and B infectious diseases, no cases of polio, and no outbreaks of infectious diseases and deaths caused by hospital infection.

5, the city has a sound epidemic reporting network, and the rate of missing reports of legal infectious diseases in medical institutions is below 2%.

6, planned immunization week outpatient service system; The whole vaccination rate of children's combined vaccine, quadruple vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine reached 95%. Immune standard, the safe injection rate is100%; There are measures for the management of planned immunization of floating population, and the rate of establishing cards and certificates for floating children who have lived for more than 3 months has reached 95%.

7, in accordance with the provisions of the health administrative department of the State Council set up blood collection and supply institutions, work in line with the requirements of the specification.

8. Supervise and manage the production and sales of disinfectants, machinery and disposable medical and health supplies in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Spot check objects: infectious disease supervision institutions and medical institutions.

Eight, the city in addition to the four pests

L, city, district, street chusihai full-time staff, each department has a clear division of labor, the responsibility is implemented, and the work funds are guaranteed.

2, in addition to the four pests, adhere to the comprehensive prevention and control policy of environmental governance, environmental governance measures are perfect, and the four pests are effectively controlled. In chemical prevention and control, we should pay attention to scientific and rational drug use, and do not use drugs prohibited by the state.

3, in addition to the four pests work data integrity, supervision and monitoring data is reliable, can fully reflect the daily work.

4. Killing rats, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches meet the standards set by the National Patriotic Health Association, and the other one is not more than three times the national standard.

Spot check object deratization:

, key units, general units and residential indoor rat tracks.

Rodent prevention facilities for doors, windows, sewers and vents in key parts of key units.

Rat tracks of external environment such as construction sites, garbage collection stations, parks, green spaces, rivers and lakes, both sides of railways, unit yards, residential quarters, etc. Mosquito control:

Mosquito larvae in residential areas, enterprises and institutions, indoor and indoor water storage containers and stagnant water.

Mosquito larvae in water containers in special places such as sewers, waste products, tires, storage tanks and construction sites.

Lakes, rivers, ditches, pools and other different types of water bodies.

Fly killing:

Adult flies in key units, general units and fly prevention facilities in key places.

The health status of fly maggots in indoor and outdoor domestic waste containers in the above units and places;

The single situation of flies in the external environment. Kill cockroaches:

Number of adult cockroaches, nymphs and egg sheaths in key units and general units and residential houses.

Number of adult cockroaches, nymphs and egg sheaths in basements, heating ditches and sewers of the above units and places.

Meanwhile, check for cockroaches.

Nine, the unit and residential health

1, * * * sexual requirements

A health management organization and management system, regularly carry out health education and health inspection appraisal activities.

The environment is clean and tidy, courtyard greening is beautified, the roads are hardened, the roads are unblocked, and the sewers are unblocked. The sanitary facilities are perfect, the toilets meet the sanitary requirements, and a special person is responsible for cleaning, and domestic garbage is generated every day.

The indoor sanitation is in good condition, the corridor is clean and tidy, and there is no littering, pasting or scribbling, and the doors and windows are not damaged.

, actively carry out activities to eliminate the four pests and implement prevention and control measures.

There are no illegal buildings in the unit yard and residential areas, and the vehicles are neatly arranged.

2. Unit health

There is no smoking sign in the meeting room, and there is public tea set disinfection facilities.

The staff canteen has a valid hygiene license, and all facilities and appliances meet the hygiene requirements. Employees who pass the physical examination and training will take up their posts, master relevant health knowledge and have good personal hygiene habits.

3. The sanitary catering and commercial service facilities in the residential area are set up reasonably, the operation meets the sanitary requirements, and there is no phenomenon of setting up stalls indiscriminately. Spot check objects: government agencies, troops, factories, schools and residential areas. 10. The attached table of public opinion survey randomly interviewed 80 local residents and 20 past tourists, with a satisfaction rate of over 90%.

Satisfaction rate = × 100%

Timetable:

Contents of urban health status assessment form

local residents

Passing passengers

satisfy

unsatisfied

satisfy

unsatisfied

1, city appearance and environmental sanitation

2. Greening and beautifying

3. Shopping and entertainment places

4. Hygiene of public toilets

5. Catering industry

6. Hotel

7. Airport station entrance

Note: Of the above items 1-7, each item 1 counts as 1 person-time.