The significance of cherishing water resources?

The severe water resources problem in China has once again become the focus of public attention. We should fully realize that saving and protecting water resources and realizing the sustainable utilization of water resources have a long way to go. China is a country with frequent floods, water shortage and fragile water ecological environment. After the founding of New China, China's water conservancy has developed rapidly, which has effectively promoted economic development and social progress and achieved remarkable achievements. While developing, utilizing and managing water resources, we pay attention to saving and protecting water resources, and have basically formed a water resources development, utilization, management and protection system that is suitable for socialist modernization. However, with the population growth and rapid economic and social development, the contradiction between water shortage and economic and social development has been fully exposed. The average annual area affected by drought in China is about 400 million mu. In normal years, irrigation areas in China lack 30 billion cubic meters of water every year, and cities lack 6 billion cubic meters of water. At the same time, there is a serious waste of water resources. The agricultural irrigation water utilization coefficient in most countries is only 0.4, while in many countries it has reached 0.7 ~ 0.8. China's water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial output value is 103 cubic meters, which is 10 ~ 20 times that of developed countries. The reuse rate of water in China is about 50%, and that in developed countries is above 85%. The water pollution is serious, and the total amount of sewage discharged in China is nearly 60 billion tons, most of which are directly discharged into the waters without treatment. Among more than 700 important rivers surveyed and evaluated in China, nearly 50% of the river sections and more than 90% of the cities along the river are polluted. Water pollution not only destroys the ecological environment, but also makes the shortage of water resources more serious. Experts pointed out that the severe water resources situation poses a great threat to the sustainable development of China. From the perspective of population growth, China's population will reach 65.438+0.6 billion around 2030, and the per capita water resources will be reduced by 654.38+0/5, which is about 654.38+0.700 cubic meters. From the perspective of economic growth, China's economy will still be in a period of rapid growth in the next few decades. By the middle of this century, GDP will increase by more than 10 times, urban and industrial water consumption will increase substantially, and wastewater discharge will also increase accordingly. From the perspective of urban development, China's urbanization rate may reach 70% in the middle of 2 1 century, and the contradiction between supply and demand of urban water resources will become more acute. From the perspective of grain production, the water resources in the northern grain-producing areas of China are not rich. Before 2050, the country needs to increase 65438+400 million tons of grain, which will lead to a more severe water shortage situation. Therefore, the task of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure and protecting water resources is very arduous. Good water resources are also the main factor restricting the development of the western region. The western region, especially the northwest region, is sparsely populated, with serious soil erosion and fragile ecological environment. Water resources are the most strategic resources in this region, and the rational development, economical utilization and effective protection of water resources are the important contents of implementing the western development. In order to alleviate the contradiction of water shortage and curb the deterioration of water environment, relevant departments are stepping up efforts in conservation and protection. At the recent National Meeting of Ministers of Water Resources, Wang Shucheng, Minister of Water Resources, proposed to change the past situation of attaching importance to the development, utilization and management of water resources and neglecting the allocation, conservation and protection of water resources. Saving and protecting water resources is an important national policy to realize the transformation from engineering water conservancy to resource water conservancy and from traditional water conservancy to modern water conservancy and sustainable water conservancy. It is understood that the state will take practical measures to strengthen the conservation and protection of water resources on the basis of comprehensive planning and comprehensive management. In terms of planning, we should change the simple way of engineering planning in the past, and put water saving, optimal water resources dispatching and water environmental protection in an important position to speed up construction and development. Institutionally, it is necessary to strengthen the function of river basin management, actively promote the establishment of the management system of urban water affairs bureau, and provide institutional guarantee for the scientific allocation of water resources. In management, it is necessary to formulate and improve scientific management systems and measures, make full use of economic levers such as water price and water resource fee, and adopt effective scientific and economic means to realize the optimal allocation of water resources, improve the utilization rate of water resources and give full play to comprehensive benefits. Under the rule of law, we will resolutely implement the water law, flood control law, soil and water conservation law and other relevant laws and regulations, do a good job in supporting the construction of relevant laws and regulations, especially the revision of the water law, strengthen law enforcement, and persist in managing water resources according to law. In scientific research, to break through the previous scientific research mode of water conservancy engineering science, we should not only strengthen the basic science of water conservancy, but also develop comprehensive disciplines and interdisciplinary subjects. We should not only study the problems of water conservancy projects, especially hub projects, but also closely focus on the prominent contradictions and problems faced by China's water conservancy, study the relationship between various control measures, scientifically allocate them, promote the close integration of water resources management with economic development and ecological environment, and promote the coordination and unity of economic, social and environmental benefits.