Ways and methods of children's formative education

The following are the ways and methods for children's formative education for your reference!

Confucius said, "If little becomes nature, habit becomes nature." It can be seen that the cultivation of good behavior habits is more important than the acquisition of knowledge. Cultivating good habits is the foundation of a person's independence from society, which in turn affects his success and happiness throughout his life. The so-called nurturance education is to start with behavior training, integrate various educational methods, and educate children's students on the basic behavior norms of seeking knowledge and being a human being. It is an educational way to comprehensively improve the qualities of "knowledge, emotion, will and action" and finally develop good moral quality and behavior habits such as consciously observing social morality and behavior norms. It is the most basic and important course for children to learn to be a human being, and it is also an important way to realize the transition from exam-oriented education to quality education. Cultivating education can neither be blindly arrogant, greedy, nor extensive, but should be done step by step according to the characteristics of young children. I have adopted the following ways and methods in the practice of cultivating children and achieved good results.

1. Situation creation and infection tips.

A pleasing environment can make people relaxed and happy, and a beautiful campus environment can cultivate the sentiment of preschool students and form good life rules and habits. The key to cultivating education is to guide and act. To achieve this, we must correct the tendency of emphasizing reasoning over practice, and combine reasoning with practice to achieve "visibility, learnability, imitation and feasibility". Only with specific guidance can children know what to do right and what to do wrong, which is conducive to developing good behavior habits. Therefore, I have created a variety of guiding atmosphere in the classroom of children's students, hanging inspiring and warning slogans such as murals, heroes of the times, school emblems, school flags and famous sayings, which have distinctive themes and are suitable for children's characteristics, giving full play to their functions of edifying, inspiring, infecting and prompting, so that children can live in this environment and develop good morality and behavior in a subtle way, so that children can learn from it. This specific environment and living atmosphere can achieve a good environment for cultivating education.

second, build a good collective and optimize the parenting environment.

Suhomlinski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, said: "It is one of the most subtle fields in the field of education to educate with the environment, the surrounding scenes created by preschool students themselves and everything that enriches collective life." (1) Class collective is not only the object of education, but also the way and strength of education. Building excellent class collective is an effective way to cultivate education. Class is the most basic organizational form of school education, and preschool students mainly learn various social norms in class groups. Through imitation, study and practice, preschool students reject some norms and practice some norms, internalize them into personal thoughts and morality, and then externalize them into behavior habits. In an excellent class group, a positive norm, public opinion and healthy atmosphere are often formed. These norms, public opinion and atmosphere act on the members of the group, which will have a great impact on their psychology and behavior, making them positive and make useful behaviors. In such a collective, every member actively demands progress, strictly demands himself and constantly overcomes his own shortcomings. Only in this way can we coordinate with the collective.

At the same time, the class collective is the intermediary link that the school's overall goal of formative education acts on each preschool student, and it has the special function of promoting, assembling and implementing formative education. As makarenko profoundly pointed out: "No matter what kind of persuasion is used, it is impossible for a truly organized and proud collective to do everything". (2) It can be seen that it is an important educational force to cultivate the class collective in education.

third, set an example and be proactive.

An example is like a mirror, a bright lamp, and its power is infinite. Children are in the golden age of long body and long knowledge, with strong imitation and great flexibility. Therefore, what kind of spiritual food should educators provide for children's students to meet their psychological needs of seeking "idols in their hearts"? In my opinion, setting an example, guiding by typical examples, promoting civilized fashion and restraining bad behavior are effective ways to cultivate education. First, take the teacher as the table and move with emotion. Because children have strong imitation and concrete images of thinking, teachers should start from themselves, teach by example, pay attention to their words and deeds, be a model for children's students. Teachers should also do what children are required to do, and set a good example for children. As the saying goes, "its body is right, and it is not ordered; His body is not right, although he does not obey. " It can be seen that example is more important than words and deeds, and teachers' words and deeds will subtly influence and infect children. Only by constantly strengthening self-cultivation can we give children an educational influence by setting an example. Such as polite greetings when meeting, cleaning after dinner, offering help when others need help, whispering as much as possible in the classroom, closing the door gently and so on. It is also very important for children to know that good habits are something that everyone needs to develop. The second is to set an example around the tree and find a bright spot in reality. In collective life, groups also provide children with objects to imitate each other, which affects their self-control ability. It is typical, vivid, concrete, practical, more inspiring and educational to publicize excellent preschool students as models in the whole school. Therefore, I often praise children who can do well according to the requirements in class, and choose role models for other children to imitate learning according to one aspect of each child's characteristics, so as to play the role of role models among peers. When children have an example to learn, they clearly know what they should do and will correct it immediately. If some children don't like to wipe their noses with handkerchiefs, wipe them with clothes sleeves when they have runny noses, and others don't care about hygiene when they spit everywhere, I will ask the children who love hygiene to set an example for him and the whole class, compare them with each other, and let them know the benefits of hygiene. After continuous education and training from near to far, from shallow to deep, they will gradually establish the concept of hygiene in their children's minds.

fourth, motivate internal motivation and guide behavior with emotion.

Good habits are a kind of conscious behavior, which can only be formed by internalization of cognition, emotional support and persistence of will of preschool students. Therefore, it is necessary to stimulate their intrinsic motivation and make habits become independent behaviors of preschool students. First, in schools, educators should be good at creating problem situations, so that young children can enter the problem, have doubts about knowledge and appear psychological disharmony, and then actively and persistently obtain information in order to restore psychological balance. Teachers should take this opportunity to further guide them, so that they can have a deeper understanding, have fun in solving problems and strengthen themselves. For example, young children are new to the kindergarten and are unfamiliar with everything. Especially, it is difficult to accept and adapt to the code of conduct that needs to be observed in the collective. I will explain some routines that kindergartens need to abide by with specific examples, and explain to children what to do and why to do so, and then discuss with them how to do it as required according to their behavior. In this process, we should avoid using blunt and inflexible tone, and do not force some bad habits of children to be corrected, so as not to make children feel insecure and unwilling to come to kindergarten. The second is to be good at motivating and realizing oneself. American psychologist Desi's cognitive evaluation theory holds that people have the inherent needs of self-determination and ability. Once these needs cannot be met, the intrinsic motivation of preschool students will be reduced. (3) This requires us to truly respect the dominant position of preschool students in education, treat preschool students equally, change "I want to learn" into "I want to learn", and stimulate the motivation of autonomous learning. For example, children who love to cry and make noise are particularly serious when drawing, so I immediately praised him, and other children saw it and learned from him. I didn't cry when I went to the garden the next day. I praised him again and sent him a small red flower. Praise and encourage children in time, so that children feel that the teacher has been paying attention to him, which can make children have a desire to behave better, meet their positive psychological needs, and stimulate their awareness of self-habit, that is, produce a "virtuous circle" effect.

5. Identify the shortcomings and educate yourself.

Self-education is a method that under the guidance of educators, the educated generate positive enterprising spirit on the basis of self-awareness, put forward tasks for themselves to form good ideological and moral character, and carry out conscious ideological transformation and behavior control. Since both the subject and the object of self-education are preschool students, in order to achieve the effective purpose of self-education, all educational forces and means should be effectively mobilized to start the conscience of the educational subject. Once the subject of education realizes that good personal behavior norms and habits are the inevitable demand of self-development, the subject of education can give full play to its potential enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, and reach the realm of cautious autonomy, which is the ideal goal we pursue in cultivating education. In practice, a considerable number of children have problems in a specific behavior, especially the only child. Because of their parents' excessive doting, they have a strong sense of superiority and special feeling, which is easy to form a "self-centered" psychology. In life, some are not hygienic, some are picky about food, unwilling to do it themselves, and have poor initiative. Some love to talk and make small moves in the teaching process. I will clearly point out the bad aspects of his behavior in individual communication, so that he can educate and correct himself in a targeted manner. For example, during meals, some children are picky eaters and throw food they don't like on the ground, which wastes food and destroys hygiene. I deliberately arranged some physical labor in teaching, and talked about how our food came from while working. Through some hands-on, children felt that food was hard to come by, and got rid of the problem of picky eaters. And before eating, I laid a handkerchief on the table, so that when food fell on the handkerchief, they could eat what they could eat, and wrapped it in a handkerchief and poured it into the trash can, gradually making children develop a good habit of cherishing food and hygiene.

VI. Repeated training to encourage enterprising.

Preschool students have the characteristics of poor persistence, easy transfer and like to listen to praise. Therefore, to strengthen cultivation education, we should make full use of these characteristics and strengthen repeated training through various lively ways and means to achieve the purpose of long-term cultivation. For example, in order to make children form the good habit of writing carefully and doing homework attentively, we can carry out positive educational activities, such as "excellent homework exhibition", "writing in competition with teachers", "fighting for a hundred points and wearing red flowers", and also organize humorous and enterprising theme activities such as "finding sloppy words and jokes". These examples of repeated training include competition, competition, encouraging progress, praising the advanced and urging the backward.

VII. Persistence and gradual progress.

Habit is a relatively stable behavior tendency that is gradually developed through constant repetition. Therefore, it is by no means a one-off event to cultivate the good habits of preschool students. As an educator, you can't ask for it when you remember it, and you can't remember to let it develop. You should be consistent and persistent, combine love with strictness, and don't replace reason with emotion. For example, children can't buy snacks casually, but some parents will relent and give in as long as their children fight, and finally they will compromise, and then they will be responsive, thus forming the bad habit of children's gluttony for snacks. At the same time, we should pay attention to the gradual cultivation of habits, and gradually put forward different requirements to children, such as: teaching children to wash their hands, starting with knowing the importance of washing their hands, then learning to wash their hands, being willing to wash their hands, and finally gradually forming habits.

VIII. Homes cooperate to form a joint force.

The process of students' formative education is a systematic educational process, which needs the synergy of family, school and society to form a consistent educational joint force. Because children live in different environments of family, school and society, it is decided that their cultivation education should be closely coordinated in all directions and in step. The main ways to educate children in school are classroom teaching and colorful extracurricular activities. This alone is not enough. People compare children's education, just like addition and subtraction in mathematics, which vividly shows that children's education at school, at home and in society may increase or decrease, or even completely offset. Therefore, formative education plays an important role in children's family and social educational environment, educational ideas and educational methods. Because of the children aged three to six, the development of their behavior habits is in the stage of heteronomy. Children at this stage regard adults as the source of all rules of conduct. Parents are children's first teachers. Due to the affection, parents' behavior habits, styles, hobbies, specialties and educational methods have a subtle influence on the formation and development of children's morality. Therefore, in order to consolidate children's good habits, it is necessary to cooperate with family education to achieve the expected educational goals. Therefore, teachers should strengthen communication with children's parents, so that parents can understand children's learning and performance in the park, as well as the educational ideas of kindergartens and the importance of formative education, which can better cooperate with kindergartens to carry out formative education at home. Parents should also give timely feedback to teachers on the children's performance and new trends in the family, so that teachers can master the children's performance outside the garden and take targeted teaching measures. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen contact with relevant departments in the society, communicate educational ideas, take coordinated actions, create favorable conditions, shoulder the responsibility together, and strive to do a good job in educating preschool students.

In a word, cultivating education is a very complicated process, and it is necessary to comprehensively use various educational methods to form a joint force to get twice the result with half the effort. In the process of promoting children's nurturing education, we should create a good environment, understand and respect children, attach importance to guidance, cultivate children's awareness of rules in a subtle way through imitation and repetition, acquire good social behavior, guide children to learn to communicate and exchange, help children express their true feelings healthily, truly enter their hearts, and cultivate their habit-forming ability. Not only let children "do it" and "use their brains", but also let them "be tempted" and give them a pair of dexterous hands, a wise mind and a happy heart. Let's use love to nourish children's young hearts, and let's take care of children with our heart, so that they can make a better start at the starting line of life!