Urgent! Review materials for postgraduate entrance examination of mountain teachers

Usually, primitive is used in the examination of ancient literature, while especially primitive is used in other directions of ancient literature. Shandong normal university 200 1 ancient literature examination questions

Fill in the blanks (65438+ 0 points for each question, ***20 points)

1, () is the bud of China's romantic literature, which has a great influence on later literature.

1. The Book of Songs? Five ancient national epics, such as Daya, Gong Liu, Silk Book, Yi Di and Daming, describe the history from the founding of Hou Ji, the ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty, to the destruction of the Shang Dynasty by the King of Wu.

3. The fable "A craftsman makes a fortune" comes from the book (). 4. The author of Liang Wang in prison is (). 5. The author of Wu Yue Chun Qiu is ().

6 () "Being ill after humiliating the world" profoundly reveals the selfish and greedy nature of rulers. 7 Ji Kang's () is a prose with strong literary meaning and rebellious and bold thoughts.

8. Bao Zhao's article ""describes the landscape changes of Jiujiang and Lushan. "Clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving" is a vivid summary of his poetic language. 10 。 Poets () are good at absorbing the strengths of others in many ways. He once said: "I love the ancients and learn from others. I am my teacher." 1 1 () wrote The Biography of Huo Xiaoyu, which tells the love story of singer Huo Xiaoyu and Li Sheng Li Yi. 12. Spring Breeze Over Jiang Nanan is a poem by a poet () in the Song Dynasty. 13. Huang tingjian is a poet of the () school of poetry. 14. The author of "Li Kui jy" is () 15 Li Panlong is a representative figure of the Ming Dynasty (). 16 Fu Society is a patriotic literary society of () generation. 17 "Southern History and Northern Song Dynasty" refers to He () 18. The famous happy poet in the early Qing Dynasty was ().

19 The representative figure of Yangcheng School is Ji Jinghe () 20. The author of Ji Hai Miscellaneous History is ().

Second, the noun explanation (3 points for each question, *** 15 points) 1 sao2. The style of historical records. 3 Han Meng Poetry School 4 Jingling School

3. Short answer questions (7 points for each question, ***35 points) 1. The representative writers of Dr. Han and their basic artistic characteristics are briefly described. 2. Briefly describe the artistic achievements of Li Shangyin's seven-character rhythmic poems. 3. What are the main artistic achievements of Zhou Bangyan's Ci? 4. What are the main artistic achievements of The West Chamber? 5. What are the characteristics of satirical art in The Scholars?

Four, the discussion body (***30 points)

1. The relationship between Tao Yuanming's seclusion and his poetry creation. 2. Talk about the artistic achievements of the characterization in Water Margin with the works.

Ancient literature examination questions of Shandong Normal University in 2002

I. Fill in the blanks (15)

1 At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Mao's poems were written by a Confucian master (), which overwhelmed the "three schools of poems" and became popular all over the world. 2 The fable "A skillful craftsman moves a catty" comes from the book (). 3. Tao Yuanming's < > shows an unforgettable yearning for beautiful women. 4. () Beishan Dongwen satirizes the hypocritical hermit who has a good impression. However, when it comes to the hardships of desert war, today we will mention Li, a great general who lived a long time ago. The novel Widow in the Mountain written by Tang Legend () was written by editors in the early Song Dynasty. The Quincy School got its name from the Quincy Awards Collection compiled by (). 9 "There's no way to recover from the doubts, but a willow blooms in another village" is written by Lu You's 10 orphan Zhao ()1The representative of Wujiang School is () 12. Gui Youguang is a representative of Ming Dynasty () School. 13 poets in the early Qing dynasty were most famous for (). 14 () advocates "muscle theory" in poetry. 15 () is called a banner of the "poetic revolution".

II. Explanation of nouns (3 points each)

1 Parallel Prose 2 Xinle Fu Movement 3 Stories 4 Linchuan Four Dreams 5 Tongcheng School

Three short answers (8 points for each question)

1 literary achievements of Zuo Zhuan 2 artistic achievements of Wang Wei's pastoral poems

3. The linguistic features of Yu's prose. The ideological content of Xin Qiji's ci. Artistic achievements of Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

30 points for the fourth discussion

1 The artistic achievements of nineteen ancient poems. 2. Artistic achievements of characterization in A Dream of Red Mansions.

Ancient literature examination questions of Shandong Normal University in 2003

fill (up) a vacancy

1. "Sleepless all night, sleepless all night" comes from The Book of Songs? Feng Wei? "2. The story of clam stalemate comes from the Warring States Policy? () Policy > The author of Wu Yue Chun Qiu is () 4 () This is a famous article full of literature and art and rebellious thoughts. 5 Song Shen refers to Shen Quanqi, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty, and () 6 Liu Yong wrote (), what's more, the Qing and Autumn Festival was neglected in 7 Jin Yuan, the most outstanding poet was (), and the highest achievement in prose creation in 8 Ming Tang and Song Dynasties was ().

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Hao's () eulogized the deeds of Suzhou citizens' struggle with eunuchs. Yuan Mei's poems in Qing Dynasty were deeply influenced by Ming Dynasty. 49660.8886888666 1

Two. Noun explanation (20 points)

1 Wen Xin Diao Long 2 Four Masters in Early Tang Dynasty 3 New Poets 4 Nanshe

Short answer questions (40 points)

1 Briefly describe the concrete expression of Cao Zhi's poem "ambitious, adopting Hua Mao"; 2. Briefly describe the image characteristics of Huo Xiaoyu; 3. Briefly describe the artistic achievements of Lu You's poems. 4 Briefly describe the ideological content of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. 5. Briefly describe the representative writers of Tongcheng School and their main theoretical viewpoints of ancient prose.

Four discussions (choose one question, 25 points)

1 On the similarities and differences in ideological connotation and artistic expression between Qu Yuan's Li Sao and Nine Chapters. On the artistic achievements of The West Chamber.

Five works analysis reviews (25 points each, ***50 points. The topic angle is self-drawn, and each topic is not less than 600 words)

1 Jiang Yan's "Beppu" excerpt: those who forget me don't want to fly. 2 Du Fu's "Ascending the Mountain"

Ancient literature examination questions of Shandong Normal University in 2004

Fill in the blanks:

Sheng Min, Sleeping, Huang Yi, Daming and other poems 1 tell the history from the establishment of Hou Ji, the ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty, to the destruction of the Shang Dynasty by the King of Wu. 2. "It's just words that boast beauty and fear" is the evaluation of Mei Cheng's seven arts by literary critics in Qi and Liang Dynasties. Wang Fu is a famous political work in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty. 4 () and Wu's Quality Book mourn the loss of friends, which is sad and touching. 5. (), endowed with things, from Lu Ji's "Wen Fu"; 6. Han Yu's "The Meaning of the Seven Deaths" Seven naive poets () once called themselves the Great Wall of Five Words. The style of Huang Tingjian's poems is () 9. The author of "Hai Huai Ji" is () 10 (), which is the highest representative of Sao Ya Ci School in the late Southern Song Dynasty. 1 1 Yuan Haowen said in Thirty Poems, "If merit is accurate, it is equal to Wu's example, (). 12 Now it is considered that the earliest writing in this collection is () 13 Yu's Inscription, also known as "14". 15 is a poem that () often every cloud has a silver lining and doesn't shut up. The author of 16 revolutionary army is ()

Noun explanation (20 points) 1 19 ancient poems 2. Notes on Song Shen 3 Terraces and 4 Yuewei Caotang

Short answer (24 points) 1 The artistic features of Song Yu's Nine Arguments. Compared with Yingxian County and the Palace of Eternal Life, the status of Du Fu's poems shows the characteristics of the artistic conception of the Peach Blossom Fan.

Discussion (40 points) 1 Discussion on the artistic formation of Xin Qiji's ci 2 How to evaluate the "righteousness" in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms?

Comment writing: requirements: no less than 800 words, self-made topic, self-selected comment angle. Cao Zhi's Beautiful Writing

The beautiful and quiet girl is busy at the fork of the country road. Ran Ran is full of soft stripes and leaves are falling. The rolled-up sleeves are clearly visible in her hands, and a gold bracelet is worn on her white wrist. She wears a sparrow gold hairpin on her head and an emerald green jade on her waist. The pearls are shining, and corals and pearls are interspersed. Luo Yi is swaying, fluttering and returning with the wind. Her look back left a charming light, and the smell of her whistle was like the smell of orchids. Drive with the rest, and forget to eat the rest. Sorry, the girl is in the south of the city. The green painted tower is on the road, and two doors are tied to the big house. Rong Huayao looks at the moon, who doesn't want to make faces? What did the matchmaker do? Why not send a bride price in time to set off the engagement? A girl must love a noble person, but a virtuous man is hard to find. Everyone was screaming, knowing they were being watched? Youth bloomed in the boudoir, and in the middle of the night came the voice of her sigh.

Note: Wood difficulty: the blue pearl formed by the spittle of the legendary golden-winged bird. H: I admire you. Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa.

Ancient literature examination questions of Shandong Normal University in 2005

I. Explanation of Nouns

1 Fu Bixing speaks two new words 3 Jiangxi Poetry School 4 Sanyan Erpai

Second, short answer

1 Characteristics of Historical Records in Characterization 2 Characteristics of Liu Zongyuan's Prose 3 How did The Journey to the West portray the characters?

Third, discuss:

1 The second reason for the prosperity of Yuan Zaju. The achievements of su shi's ci and its pioneering role.

Comment: Write a review article based on the following materials. The topic is self-made, and the theme angle is not limited, about 1500 words. Yin Jiefu Zhangji

You know I have a husband, give me a pair of pearls; I thank you for your love and pin the pearl on my red shirt. My home is connected with the imperial garden, and my husband is on duty in the palace with a halberd. Although I know you are sincere to Lang Lang, I have vowed to share my life and death with my husband. Return your double beads, my eyes are full of tears, and I regret not meeting you before I got married.

A title of this poem says: "Send Li, Dongping".

Li Shidao, one of the buffer regions at that time, was our ambassador from Pinglu to Ziqing, and was also named as an ordinary proofreader and an ordinary calligrapher, with great potential. During the mid-Tang Dynasty, the vassals separated themselves and colluded with scholars and central officials by various means. However, some disgruntled literati and officials tend to attach themselves to them. Han Yu once wrote a preface to See Dong Shaonan to dissuade them. Zhang Ji is a great disciple of the poor family. He advocates reunification and opposes the separatist regime of the buffer region, just like his teacher. This poem is a masterpiece written to refuse Li Shidao's seduction. Use metaphors throughout to show your attitude euphemistically. On the surface, it is a poem about men and women, but in essence it is a political poem entitled "Ode to Women", that is, to express one's aspirations.

This poem seems to be born out of Sang Helang in Han Yuefu, but it is more tactful and implicit than the previous one.

The first two sentences say that this gentleman knows that I am a married woman and still loves me. This gentleman is not a polite person, and his tone is full of criticism. "Jun" here refers to Li Shidao, a buffer region, and "concubine" refers to self-comparison. The sudden appearance of the cross directly pointed out the teacher's ulterior motives.

Then the poem turned his head and said, although I know you don't obey the etiquette, I feel so deeply about you that I can't help tying the pearls you sent to me personally. On the surface, he is the confidant of the teacher; If you look deeper, there is an article in the words.

Then another turn, saying that his family has rich weather, my wife is the guardian of Guangming Hall, and he belongs to the central government. In classical poetry, couples are usually compared to monarchs and ministers. These two sentences show that they are literati in the Tang Dynasty.

Then the two sentences opened and closed, with contradictory feelings and intense thoughts: the first sentence thanked each other and comforted each other; The last sentence categorically stated his ambition, "My husband and I vowed to live and die together"! Finally, it ends with affectionate words, tears and pearls. I am tactful and determined.

This poem is full of folk songs, and some of its descriptions, as shown in the psychological description, are so delicate, firm and sensible, and there are infinite twists and turns in a short distance, which is really called "twists and turns".

"Although you have some good intentions, I have to refuse." This is what Zhang Ji wanted to express, but it was so euphemistic that Li Shidao was helpless.

Ancient Literature in 2006 (General Catalogue)

1. Seven Sages in Bamboo Forest, Yuan Bai Style, Poetry Revolution,?

Second, Xunzi's artistic characteristics, Li Shangyin's poetic characteristics, The Scholars,?

Third, the artistic features of Zhuangzi and the artistic analysis of Water Margin

Fourth, appreciation of the quatrains of the seven laws of the Tang Dynasty (the title is similar to "Moonlit Night on the Spring River")

Shandong Normal University 2002 Postgraduate Entrance Examination for Literary Theory Major

1. short answer 1. Why is literary discourse ideological? 2. What is "the truth of poetic art"? 3. What are the basic characteristics of reportage? Second, discuss 1, and illustrate the characteristics of literary artistic conception with examples. 2. Explain the relationship between literary appreciation and literary criticism.

In 2002, Shandong Normal University reviewed the writing test for the postgraduate entrance examination.

Subject Name: Literature and Art, Chinese Language and Characters, China Ancient Literature, China Modern and Contemporary Literature, Comparative Literature and World Literature, China Classical Philology Examination Subject: Critical Writing.

1. Read the following works and write a review article. The requirements are as follows: 1. Do your own questions; 2, not less than 1500 words; 3. You can comment from a certain angle without covering everything.

Second, on the construction of corporate culture under the background of economic globalization. (This question is only for candidates who apply for the aesthetic and cultural direction of literary and art professional enterprises. )

Orange author: Akutagawa Ryunosuke

One gloomy winter night, I sat in the corner of the second-class train from Yokosuga, waiting for the flute. The light in the car is already on. It is rare that there are no other passengers in the car except me. Looking out the window, today is different from usual. No one saw me off on the dim platform. Just a little dog in a cage, barking from time to time. This scene coincides with my strange mood at that time. I have unspeakable fatigue and burnout in my mind, as gloomy as this snowy sky. I put my hands in my coat pockets and couldn't get up enough to read the evening paper.

Soon, the starting whistle sounded. I felt a little short of money, so I leaned my head against the back window frame and waited for the station in front to slowly retreat. But the car hasn't moved yet, but I heard the click of low-toothed clogs from the ticket gate; In an instant, with the abuse of the conductor, the door of the second-class car I was sitting in clicked open and a 13-year-old girl came in in a panic. At the same time, the train bumped violently and started slowly. The pillars of the platform passed by one by one, and the waterwheel seemed to be forgotten there. The porter in the red hat is thanking the man who tipped him in the carriage-all this falls back reluctantly in the soot blowing out of the window. I finally breathed a sigh of relief, lit a cigarette, then listlessly raised my eyelids and glanced at the face of the girl sitting opposite me.

That is a real country girl. Hair without oil is tied into a ginkgo bun, and there are chapped marks on the red cheeks. A dirty light green wool scarf dragged a big bag down to the knee, and a red third-class ticket was carefully held in the frostbitten hand holding the bag. I don't like that girl's tacky face. That sloppy dress makes me unhappy. What makes me even more angry is that she is so stupid that she can't tell the difference between a second-class car and a third-class car. So, after I lit a cigarette, I forgot the girl on purpose, so I spread the evening paper in my coat pocket on my knee. At this time, the light from the window to the evening paper was suddenly replaced by electric lights, and the type with poor printing quality in several columns was particularly obvious. Needless to say, the train has now entered the first of many tunnels on the Yokosuga Line.

In the light, I glanced at the evening paper, which was full of ordinary things in the world, such as peace issues, newlyweds, bible reading events, obituaries and so on. All these can't solve boredom-the moment I entered the tunnel, I had an illusion, as if the train was running backwards, and at the same time, I was almost mechanically browsing boring news. However, during this period, I have to realize that the girl is sitting in front of me, and the expression on her face is like the personification of this vulgar reality. The train through the tunnel, this country girl, and this evening paper full of ordinary news-this is not a symbol? Not a symbol of this incredible, mediocre and boring life, what is it? I felt disheartened about everything, so I put aside the unfinished evening paper, leaned my head against the window frame, closed my eyes like a dead man and dozed off.

After a few minutes, I felt harassed and couldn't help looking around. I don't know when that girl moved to me from the opposite seat and tried to open the window. But the heavy glass window doesn't seem to open well. Her chapped cheeks turned redder, and the sound of sniffling, with a slight gasp, reached my ears. This is certainly enough to arouse my sympathy. In the twilight, only the hay on the ridges on both sides can be clearly distinguished. At this time, go straight to the window and you can see that the train is about to drive to the tunnel entrance. I don't understand why the girl deliberately opened the locked window. No, I can only think it's just a whim. So, I'm still in a bad mood. I hope she never opens it. I watched coldly as the girl tried to open the window with frostbitten hands. Soon, the train rushed into the tunnel with a harsh voice; At the same time, the window that the girl wanted to open finally came down with a choking sound. A thick black gas, like melting soot, suddenly turned into suffocating soot and rolled into the carriage from the square window. I hardly have time to cover my face with a handkerchief. I'm already making noise. At this time, I sprayed a face of smoke and coughed out of breath. However, that girl doesn't mind me at all. She stuck her head out of the window and stared at the direction of the train. A gust of wind blowing in the dark moved her to hold ginkgo's hair. Her figure appeared in soot and lights. At this time, my eyes lit up outside the window, and the smell of soil, hay and water drifted in coldly, so I easily stopped coughing. Otherwise, I would have scolded that girl mindlessly and told her to close the window as usual.

By this time, however, the train had safely drilled out of the tunnel and was passing through a fork in the tired suburb sandwiched between mountains covered with hay. Near the turnout, the dilapidated thatched roof and tile roof are lined up. Probably the switchman is signaling, and a dim white flag is swaying lazily in the dusk alone. As soon as the train left the tunnel, I saw three red-faced boys standing side by side behind the lonely turnout fence. They are all short, as if they were weighed down by the gloomy sky. Put on clothes, the color is as miserable as the scenery in the suburbs of town. They looked up at the passing train, raised their hands together, pulled up their throats and screamed desperately, unable to understand what this meant. At this time, the girl who leaned out of the window reached out her frostbitten hand and swung hard from side to side, reflecting the warm sunshine into five or six lovely golden oranges, and suddenly fell from the window toward the children who sent the train. I couldn't help holding my breath and suddenly realized. The girl probably went to be a maid and threw some oranges out of the window to entertain her younger brothers who came to see me off.

Boundless twilight enveloped the turnouts on the outskirts of the town, three children screamed like birds, and bright oranges hit their heads-all of which passed by the window in an instant. But this scene is deeply engraved in my heart, which makes me almost breathless. I realized that I had an inexplicable joy from the bottom of my heart. I looked up at the girl as if I were someone else. I don't know when, that girl has returned to the seat opposite me, with a light green wool scarf still wrapped around her chapped cheek, clutching a third-class ticket and carrying a big bag.

Only by chatting can we forget the unspeakable fatigue and burnout, and forget the incredible, mediocre and boring life.

(19 19 April) Translated by Wen Jieruo

Literature theory and writing examination questions of 2003 postgraduate entrance examination of Shandong Normal University

(1) Short answer questions (***45 points, each small question 15 points)

1. What are the universal and special properties of literature? 2. What are the characteristics of artistic inspiration and its causes? 3. What is the relationship between literary style and creative personality?

(2) Discuss (25 points) Expound the basic characteristics of aesthetic criticism in combination with the practice of literary criticism.

Second, critical writing (50 points) Description: Read the following short story and write a critical article with a self-made topic, about 1000 words in length.

Qian Feng (omitted)

Shandong Normal University 2004 Literary Theory and Writing Examination Questions

First, literary theory.

(1) Answer the following questions briefly (10 *3) 1. What are the basic characteristics of poetry? 2. Why is literary creation more free and personalized? 3. What is the horizon of reading expectation? (2) Try to explain why there are variations in literary acceptance activities (20 points) (3) Talk about your understanding of "the aesthetic ideology of literature" (25)

Third, please read the following article, write a literary criticism, choose your own angle, and make your own topic, no less than 1500 words.

higher education

After failing the college entrance examination, he and my brother went to work in a coastal port city.

The city is so beautiful that it is not enough to have a strong eye. Brother Ben said, not bad? Very strong, not bad. My brother says it's not bad, but it's not our home, and people look down on us. I insist that I should respect myself.

Qiang and my brother are mending tarpaulins in a warehouse on the dock. Qiang is very capable and meticulous in his work. When he sees the discarded thread rags, he will pick them up for later use.

That night, the wind suddenly blew, forced me out of bed and rushed into the rain curtain. My brother couldn't persuade him and called him a fool.

In the open-air warehouse, I checked the stacks and reinforced the overturned tarpaulin. When the boss drove up, he had become a little man. The boss saw that the stored materials were not damaged at all and wanted to give him a raise on the spot. He said no, I just wanted to see if the tarpaulin I repaired was reliable.

Seeing that he is so honest, the boss wants to be the manager of another company for him. Qiang said, I can't, let people with high academic qualifications do it. The boss said I think you can do it-what is higher than culture is the kind of thing in people!

Strong became the manager.

The company has just started business and needs to recruit several young people with college education or above as salesmen, so it advertised in the newspaper. My brother Xun came and said to find me a good job. Insist that you can't Brother Ben said, can't you watch the gate? Qiang said, no, you won't think of this as your home. My brother turned purple and scolded: You really have no conscience. I insist on doing my own thing well before I have a conscience.

The company has teamed up with several young people with diplomas, and the business is booming. After this day, those young people with higher education know him like the palm of their hand. They dare not say, with our education, how can we stay under him? Strong know not annoyed, said, since we are together * * *, let's get things done. Anyone can wear my manager's hat, but the value is not in this hat ...

The college students looked at each other and fell silent.

A foreign businessman heard that this company has a good development prospect and wanted to talk to him about a cooperation project. Qiang's assistant said, this is a big fish, and we have to treat it well. Insist, yes.

A foreign businessman, a foreign China, came with an interpreter and a secretary.

Ask in English, sir, can you speak Chinese?

That foreign businessman is stupefied, say, OK. Just say, shall we speak in our mother tongue?

Foreign businessmen say "yes". After chatting for a while, Qiang said, "How about having dinner together?" The foreign businessman nodded hesitantly.

Dinner is simple, but it is very distinctive. All the plates are gone, only two steamed buns are left. Qiang said to the waiter, please put these two steamed buns in a food bag and I'll take them away. Although it was natural, his assistant became nervous and kept looking at the foreign businessman. The foreign businessman stood up, grabbed a strong hand and held it tightly, saying, OK, we will sign the contract tomorrow!

During the dinner, the foreign businessman asked Qiang softly, What education have you received? Why can you do it so well?

I insist that my family is poor and my parents can't read. But their education for me started with a grain of rice and a thread. Later, when my father died, my mother worked hard to pay for my education. She said I don't expect you to be superior. You can do your own thing. ...

Bright liquid oozed from the boss's eyes on the side. He picked up a glass of wine and said, I propose a toast to her old man ... You got the best education in your life-bring your mother here!

Shandong Normal University 2005 Literature Theory and Writing Examination Questions

Short answer 1, the characteristics of the novel 2, why is literature a more free and creative activity? 3. Why does literature acceptance need to fill in the blanks and dialogue?

What is the function of literary criticism? 2. Talk about your opinion on the sentence "Literature is the art of language".

Writing: Please write a literary review according to the following article, no less than 1500 words. The article is Huang Li, the author of Sun Li's essay Huang Li-Trivia of Diseases.

-Trivia during illness

This kind of bird seems to be rare in my hometown. When I was a child, I was fascinated by catching birds for a while. However, I seem to have never seen this kind of bird, whether it is chasing red indigo fruit in wheat seedling fields or rape fields in late spring or early summer, or running under willow trees in crisp autumn. It doesn't sing with chickens on the tall poplar tree behind my small village, nor does it nest with Weizar in the mysterious big reed pond in the south of the village.

I first saw it in a mountain village in Fuping County. It was War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time, and I was constantly baptized by gunfire. Sometimes I got up in the morning and heard the shrill call and the cry of enlightenment of oriole behind the hut or in the jungle at the foot of the mountain. However, they fly around like meteors, flickering among the dense branches and leaves, and often flash before my eyes. The golden feathers reflect the sun, making it difficult to see them again.

Because of the professional relationship, the pursuit of beauty is really strange, and sometimes it is almost a fanaticism. In the days of war, I don't know what kind of influence it has on my physical and mental feelings.

A few years ago, I finally got sick. In order to recuperate, I came to Qingdao, which I have been longing for for for many years.

In spring, I moved to a small building by the sea, just opposite a depression in Yang Shulin. For a long time, I lived here alone. At dusk in the morning, I often go for a walk in Yang Shulin. One day, I found two orioles coming.

This time, they seem to like the deep and quiet trees here, and they also seem to want to lay eggs and hatch here, and they are not in a hurry to leave. It is of great significance to settle down here.

Every day at dawn, I hear their cries and gently open the curtains. From upstairs, you can see them chasing each other and teasing each other, sometimes vividly. For me, this is really pleasing to the eye.

Watching orioles has become one of my daily classes. As soon as I heard them calling, I was very happy and turned my eyes to poplar trees. I'm afraid they will leave here. It's quiet here, and even some of them are almost desolate. They may live in peace. I wander in the Woods, look up, sometimes sit on a small stone bench and listen, but I can't find their nest. How do they arrange their own rooms and delivery rooms?

One morning, I went for a walk in the Woods again. Comrade Shi, who suffers from the same disease as me, aimed at the tree with a shotgun in his hand.

"What bird are you shooting?" I hurried over to ask.

"Hit the oriole!" Lao Shi said cheerfully, "Look at my marksmanship."

At this time, I don't want to appreciate his marksmanship. I hope his shooting is not accurate. He looked at it for a while, and the oriole found it flying away. Taking this opportunity, as an old patient, I asked him not to film orioles, because I like this kind of bird very much.

Thank you very much for your respect for friendship. He agreed to my request at once without any injustice. And said:

"Take care of your illness, see what you like and listen to what you like."

This is sincere misery loves company. He plays with shotguns to recover from illness and take care of others in a fun way. Isn't this a rare quality?

Once, a middle-aged man wearing a fur coat and a fur hat shot and killed a seagull flying back to the sky in order to get a smile from his girlfriend. A flock of seagulls were frightened and embarrassed. The shot seagulls landed on the sea and were swept away by the rough waves. Unable to win, the woman asked the kelp farmers working at sea to help salvage, and the workers turned angrily and rowed away. This left a deep impression on me. Back in the house, I wrote a few poems, but I didn't finish them in the end, because Chekhov wrote about such people in several works. How can my pen and ink add more color to their performance?

In their room, it is enough to just hang Chekhov's praise for them.

Unfortunately, my friend's noble friendship can't be understood by these two frightened birds, and it's gone forever. From then on, when I got up in the morning, poplars rustled, and I couldn't hear the crisp cry anymore. Summer came, and I was busy swimming in the beach, gradually forgetting them.

One day, I went to the bird market. There are few birds sold in that place. Now it is natural to produce the first and leisure things and reduce them accordingly. At a corner, there is an old man selling birdcages, sitting on a bench and playing with an oriole in his hand. The oriole was tied to a stick, suspended for a while and pulled up for a while. I stopped. I looked at the oriole and suddenly felt that its brown feathers, mouth, eyes and claws all had a sad smell.

"Do you want it? How fun! " The old man looked at me and asked.

"I don't want it." I turned and walked away.

I don't think this kind of bird can be raised and will soon be tortured to death.

This kind of bird, even in the zoo, can't live peacefully. It needs too wide a world.

Since then, for a long time, I no longer think of orioles. The following spring, I went to Taihu Lake. In Jiangnan, I understood the benefits of these two articles: "Peanut trees, birds around".

Yes, the lakes and mountains here, dense willows and long dikes; Here Maolin xiuzhu, Sangtian reed; The rainy and sunny weather here makes me see all the beauty of oriole, which is an extreme.

Yes, their crowing is accompanied by spring rain and dew, and their flying is accompanied by sunrise and rainbow. This is their real hometown and a place to live and work in peace and contentment.

Everything has its limits. Tigers roared in the mountains, fish swam at the bottom of the pool, camels walked in the desert, and geese lined up in the air. This is their extreme.

Only under certain circumstances can this extreme be brought into play. This is the natural combination and interaction of various expressions and environments, and this is the fusion of scenery. The typical personality in a typical environment can also be understood from this perspective. This is a realm that is not easy to meet in art. (1April 962)