Ask for help with the environmental impact assessment of a sweet potato vermicelli processing or sweet potato deep processing project

1. Brief discussion:

Sweet potato is a crop commonly grown in my country. It has high yield and strong adaptability and is planted in different areas throughout my country. Sweet potato is rich in protein, Starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acids, vitamins and various minerals have high nutritional and health value. In recent years, sweet potato deep processing projects have attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. Sweet potato deep processing has become a model for the development of green health foods. Sweet potato deep processing has low investment, low risks, and high profits, which can be extended to business opportunities in the industrial chain.

We take the three-starch processing as an example of sweet potato deep processing technology:

1. Starch part:

Removing stones - cleaning - loading - crushing - separation - Sand removal - refinement and screening - concentration - dehydration - drying - screening

2. Mechanical vermicelli production part:

Stone removal - cleaning - feeding - crushing - separation - removal Sand - Refinement and screening - Precipitation and powder extraction - Stirring - Cutting - Forming - Aging - Freezing - Loose powder drying (wet starch can be directly processed into vermicelli, dry starch can also easily destroy the starch viscosity)

3. Prevention Hand-made vermicelli part:

Removing stones - cleaning - loading - crushing - separation - sand removal - fine screening - concentration - dehydration - drying - screening - thickening - kneading - second kneading Knead - hammer the powder into the pot - ripen - cool - put the powder on the rod - freeze - dry the loose powder (first of all, it is best to dry the starch for processing. After drying, especially high-starch sweet potatoes are difficult to make good strips, and the stickiness is poor after drying)

Remarks: 1. The above equipment is equipped with the production process steps according to the equipment of Ruyang Machinery Factory:

2. The three flours broadly refer to starch, vermicelli and vermicelli:

Today, the domestic sweet potato starch and vermicelli market is not empty, but the market is full of various starch products. However, consumers can rarely buy pure sweet potato vermicelli and vermicelli in the market, and even the younger generation does not know how to eat them. Is the sweet potato flour that comes into your mouth? Most of the vermicelli and vermicelli floating in the domestic market are made by blending sweet potatoes, cassava, corn, wheat and other raw materials. The better-processed ones only have a poor taste, and are even inferior to the vermicelli, with poor consistency and high stickiness. , easy to paste the soup, so the vermicelli market is ultimately driven by profits.

Some people around us in China often say that there is a village or town in our hometown that makes vermicelli and it is very famous. Of course, we believed in the vermicelli here at first, because time and memory have made us accustomed to it. People think that the vermicelli in this village is good, but because of profit-driven one family's fraud, every family follows suit, making the taste of consumers increasingly unpalatable. At this time, this so-called village with famous vermicelli faces problems in production and sales. bottleneck, we may encounter two possibilities: 1. A large part of them will go bankrupt and some of them will survive. Some of the surviving workshops may go to the market to sell vermicelli. I can provide vermicelli at what price the wholesaler wants. Small profits but quick turnover. Develop slowly. Those merchants that have closed down may reopen after seeing business opportunities and learn from successful examples. In the future, this place may become a base for making noodle products, but the noodles produced in this base will be sold to other cities. , people nearby will know that the vermicelli here is not edible and is fake. 2. Some producers may move away from the village and continue production in another place, but whether they can produce pure finished products depends on the sales direction of the producers. There are many such villages or towns in China that were originally recognized for their taste and quality of finished products, but later became known for their counterfeiting.

2. Consumer psychology:

The production of traditional vermicelli, vermicelli, vermicelli and other vermicelli products has various specifications and styles of various thicknesses and widths. Edible vermicelli products are available in various parts of our country. However, due to different living habits and cooking methods, the thickness, width and specifications of vermicelli products in different places are also different, including the appearance and color of vermicelli.

People in the area south of the Yangtze River generally eat soup, hot pot, and stew. The main types of vermicelli are finished vermicelli with diameters of 1.3, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5mm. The wide type of vermicelli is generally 08*04, 08*06, 08* 10. Mainly flour products with thickness and width such as 08*12mm. The preference for flour products is more color-rich. The flour products made from sweet potatoes, plantains, peas, etc. are generally accepted by the public. People in the area north of the Yangtze River generally eat fried, stewed, hot pot, cold salad, and stuffed noodles. Vermicelli and vermicelli are mostly finished vermicelli with diameters of 055, 06, 07, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8mm. Mainly, wide flour products are mainly flour products with thickness and width of 05*4, 05*6, 05*8, 05*10mm. Flour products made from sweet potatoes, potatoes, wheat, etc. are generally accepted by the public. People in Northeast and Northwest my country generally prefer flour products that are thicker, thicker, and lighter in color. However, flour products made from sweet potatoes, potatoes and other raw materials are generally accepted in the Northeast, while flour products made from potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, and other miscellaneous grains are easily accepted in the Northwest. Powder products made from the main raw materials.

The above four divisions are too general, but what is simplified is indeed the flour products that are often eaten in local life. Our country is a populous country with a population of more than one billion. History has divided us into different cities. We all have different local cultures and different eating habits in different environments, but when we choose flour products, sweet potato flour is easily accepted by the public. In the above four divisions, the comprehensive evaluation of different regions is the most popular among consumers. My favorite is the sweet potato vermicelli.

The soft, chewy, potato-flavored texture of sweet potato vermicelli brings endless memories to the older generation. Have we ever heard those old people say that when the production team used to lay down the vermicelli, they "thrown it down?" What kind of taste does "bottom powder lump" taste like? Of course, vermicelli is now produced and sold in large quantities in various places, and there are wholesale vendors from all over the country. The market is filled with eye-catching vermicelli of various colors and vermicelli products of various thicknesses and widths, but rural markets , Where can I buy pure sweet potato vermicelli in the urban vegetable market? In one word: "It's difficult". Adulteration may be the word we hear most in recent years.

Powder products are a traditional food and an indispensable part of our dishes. Most people are consumers of traditional foods. We care more about quality and taste, not price, but we need powder. The products are not for our personal consumption, but for a certain canteen or a certain restaurant. The powder products demanded in these places also partly restrict the quality of the vermicelli purchased in the market. The Chinese market is like this. Where there is demand, there will be production. We We are not opposed to vermicelli companies that make mixed starches. This is also a kind of business and a way of survival. This so-called way of survival makes the fake ones more fake and the real ones less.

The price of so-called "sweet potato vermicelli" sold in the market is mostly 2.5 yuan-3.5 yuan/catty, 3.5 yuan-6 yuan/catty, and consumers generally buy 6 yuan/catty vermicelli. , but what you buy at such a price is not necessarily pure sweet potato flour. The average consumer does not have the ability to identify the authenticity of flour products. They mainly look at the color and appearance, but these can be changed according to the production process.

Most vermicelli production areas in China do not have sweet potatoes. They range from a dozen households in a village to hundreds of households in a town. There are at least three to four hundred places of this scale in China, except for one year. During the hottest days of the four seasons, overtime production is required at other times. Most of the noodles are mixed with cassava and corn, mostly low-grade corn starch, and the vermicelli is mixed with pigments, alum, chemical additives, etc. However, the vermicelli produced in these places is circulated in All over the country, local people in every production area do not eat these vermicelli, but those outside the market may also be produced in this way. Many people in the city will drag their friends or go to the countryside themselves to buy vermicelli produced by farmers. Generally speaking, those in rural areas They choose to provide sweet potato raw materials and supervise the production of equipment owners. In such a domestic market, many people are interested in the project of deep processing of sweet potatoes.

Nowadays, there are various large, medium and small-scale manufacturers in various parts of the country that use sweet potatoes as raw materials from cleaning to vermicelli forming. Small and medium-scale production meets local needs. Large enterprises should establish a brand image to go. Develop with the mentality that only a straight line can go the distance. But whether it is a large enterprise or a small enterprise, it must produce flour products that are loved by the local public in a pure and additive-free way. Every step from purchasing sweet potatoes to processing starch and vermicelli can be seen by nearby people on the spot, allowing them to I believe these are pure sweet potato flour. Only when the local people recognize it can there be a good sales market.

3. Selection of equipment:

1. Production overview

Sweet potato deep processing This article introduces the starch processing, vermicelli, vermicelli, and vermicelli processing of sweet potatoes. Mainly because our Ruyang Machinery Factory has been engaged in the research and manufacturing of potato starch deep processing equipment since it produced this type of equipment in 1982. The experience summarized and the application of the equipment are accumulated through long-term experience.

2. Notes

The selection of sweet potato starch deep processing equipment should be based on the actual local conditions, the land area for planting sweet potatoes or the area that may be developed for planting, personal financial capabilities, and the need for electricity and water sources. adequate. It should be noted that sweet potatoes are seasonal processing and are usually excavated before and after frost. The processing season can last 30-45 days. Small-scale processing usually takes about 15-20 days. The reason is that the fresh potatoes used for pulping cannot be stored for too long. The storage time The starch saccharification and extraction rate of sweet potatoes that are too long decreases. Secondly, the skin of sweet potatoes softens and is not easy to crush. Starch processing and vermicelli processing are divided into two parts. Sweet potato processing is seasonal, and vermicelli processing should be processed continuously after the starch processing is completed. The expected amount of starch storage should be completed during the processing period for processing vermicelli.

For initial processors, if the funds and local sweet potato planting area allow, they can purchase a set of corresponding large-scale equipment. The entire set of equipment requires a large amount of starch processing. Part of the starch should be dried and part wet. , the dry ones are used for storage and sale, and the wet ones are used for processing vermicelli by yourself. For the vermicelli section, you need to choose the size of the equipment or reduce the production cycle based on your own sales. Suggestions for users who have no sales: the first year of processing should focus on selling starch. The starch sales market is huge, but compared with selling starch and vermicelli, the profit is lower, but the sales volume of vermicelli produced in the first year will not be too much. It is considerable. The main purchases may be from nearby farmers or simple packaging gift boxes. Do a good job in publicity. Vermicelli sales and customers are accumulated over time. Integrity is the basis, quality is the basis for survival, people are valued for their kindness, and small customers will also bring big sales.

3. Equipment selection

The selection of sweet potato processing equipment should be strong, durable and high in extraction rate. Small-scale ordinary farmers should choose a set of equipment that integrates cleaning, crushing and separation, which is simple and convenient to choose. The investment in precipitation and flour extraction is small. After the starch is precipitated, it is dug out and stored in a planned storage tank for wet storage before vermicelli processing (it must be dried before March and April every year, as the weather gradually warms up and the starch will ferment). Small and medium-sized factories can be built. And large-scale factories must choose an assembly line with separate equipment for crushing and separation, so that the equipment production process is smaller and the failure rate is reduced, and the starch extraction rate is high. In terms of cleaning, several levels of cleaning should be selected according to the local soil quality. Different cleaning methods The equipment handles the production trouble caused by debris that may be mixed with the soil. Generally, the first-level crushing is selected for the crushing part of 3-5 tons. For the crushing part of 7-8 tons or more, the second-level crushing, first-level coarse crushing and first-level fine crushing can be selected. This can better save power consumption. Generally, the YS-450B type cylindrical separator unit is selected for combined production of the separated part of potato processing. It is the best elutriation equipment for potato processing. The separated starch slurry Sand removal is required. After sand removal, the starch is finely filtered. At this time, customers who choose to make vermicelli can choose the precipitation method, because wet starch and sun-dried granular starch, potato starch, are the best raw materials for making vermicelli. After fine filtration, the starch is filtered through The flow device washes out the impurities in the starch, and the discharged starch slurry is dehydrated by the dehydrator. The starch liquid is dehydrated to a moisture content of 38-40% and then automatically fed into the drying tower for drying. The dried starch is screened and cooled. Then it can be packaged.

The above equipment takes the equipment of Ruyang Machinery Factory as an example. Generally, the processing capacity of a single set of equipment is 1t/h, 3-4t/h, 5-6t/h, 7-8t/h, 10t /h, 15t/h and above equipment can process sweet potatoes per hour. These equipments can also be used in starch processing such as cassava, potatoes, sweet potatoes, plantains, kudzu, and banana lotus root.

4. Brief analysis of the industry:

In the processing of flour products, mastering technology is the key to the entire production process. The same sweet potato, the same sweet potato variety, and different producers can produce finished products. There are also differences in color and strength. The following briefly describes the different processing methods in the production of powdered products.

1. Starch processing part:

The starch processing we usually see is roughly divided into three types: "clear noodles", "physali noodles" and "dried noodles". The first kind of clean water surface is also divided into one sedimentation to extract powder or multiple stirring tanks to extract powder. During the processing, the starch is refined through sand removal and then enters the sedimentation tank. The starch is naturally precipitated. After the starch is sedimented, the covering slurry water and skimming water are discharged. Clean the "oil content", stir the tank multiple times to allow the starch to repeatedly precipitate, and allow the impurities with lighter specific gravity to be extracted through precipitation, thereby achieving the purpose of starch whitening and impurity removal. This method is the most convenient method for starch treatment in the current potato starch-made vermicelli. There are many methods. In actual processing, most users directly extract the starch after one precipitation. (The whiteness of the vermicelli requires multiple precipitations, but the sweet potato vermicelli generally circulating in the market has a heavier color). The second type of physalis noodles is to inject acidic slurry during the starch precipitation stage in starch processing. Physalis can accelerate starch precipitation and achieve the purpose of starch whitening. Physalis is also divided into legume physalis. At this time, we will simply call it: "Soy milk" is also divided into the slurry that is precipitated and fermented after crushing and separating sweet potatoes. At this time, we simply call it "old milk". Soy milk refers to the acid slurry extracted from bean starch processing and is used for potato starch processing. It is improved through soy milk processing. Starch whiteness, old pulp refers to the remaining slurry after starch precipitation during sweet potato starch processing. The acidity of the slurry water is judged by the color conversion of yellow, green and black slurry. The whiteness of the starch produced by this kind of old pulp is not whiter than that made by soy milk. , but the starch gluten processed through it is higher than that of soy milk. Of course, it is also based on personal control. The third type of drying surface, starch drying generally chooses airflow drying. The most intuitive way to distinguish whether starch is natural drying or mechanical drying is that natural drying results in starch granular form, mechanical drying results in flour-like form, and the better sales method is clear water. The sales market of noodles, physalis noodles, and dried noodles is average. The reason is that sweet potato starch processing is mostly used for vermicelli processing, and the gluten of dry starch is not as high as that of clear noodles and physalis noodles.

2. Vermicelli processing part:

There are many types of equipment used in vermicelli processing. Let’s take the products produced by Ruyang Machinery Factory as an example to divide the vermicelli processing part into There are two categories: self-cooked and large pot noodles.

1. The self-cooking type is divided into steam type and puffing machine. The steam type vermicelli machine uses water temperature heating and spiral propulsion to achieve starch ripening and molding. It can well ensure the quality of vermicelli vermicelli. By replacing Different grinding tools determine the specifications of the finished product. It can produce pure potato starch, corn, wheat, beans, and miscellaneous grain starch. This equipment was an early product developed by Ruyang Machinery Factory. Now it has been upgraded to a double helix. It is the most commonly used product by domestic enterprises that produce Longkou vermicelli. The extruder is generally called a self-cooking machine. Its working principle is that the spiral and the tube wall generate heat through high-speed rotation and friction, and the cooked starch is accumulated and formed. This type of equipment is generally suitable for the production of corn, wheat, cereals and other starches. It is used in the production process. The heat generated in the machine is high and the potato starch is not suitable for low-temperature ripening. The powder products made by the Penghua machine have a stiff taste, but it is a better equipment for making rice noodles.

2. Big pot powder is the so-called handmade powder in the mouth of consumers. It is basically divided into two types of equipment: one with evacuation and the other without evacuation. After evacuation, the professional point has been divided into machine-made powder. The appearance is transparent and the vermicelli is even, but the taste of the finished product is not good because it is relatively stiff.

General equipment for large pot noodles: 1. Thickening machine, double-cylinder automatic feeding and mixing machine, basin pusher, hammer ladle machine. 2. Thickening machine, double-cylinder automatic feeding and dough mixing machine, evacuation machine, hammer ladle machine.

3. Thickening machine, combined dough kneading and evacuation machine, steam pot, cooling conveyor belt, automatic cutting and flouring machine. The vermicelli produced by the first type of equipment is the same as that of handmade ones and is more perfect than that of pure handmade ones, because the mechanical dough is more uniform than that of manual work. The second and third equipment are used to evacuate the vermicelli during the production step, which has the advantage of having a smoother appearance. , the thickness is uniform, but the taste is not good. The third type of equipment belongs to assembly line production, with a maximum output of 2000KG per hour. This type of equipment is what is called a steam pot in the vermicelli processing industry.

5. Finished products and sales of finished products:

We invest in and build this project to produce finished products and bring benefits. Benefits are the key to production and survival. How to control the quality and quality of finished products? Consumer psychology is the core of the entire sales. It is not easy to invest too much in the deep processing of potato starch when starting out. The development of each industry in the deep processing of agricultural and sideline products is best to slowly grow in a snowball manner. The reason is that it requires experience, technology, and the support of old customers. We can only guarantee sales. Only in this way can we have better development.

In future development, our thinking cannot stop at the production and sales of pure potato vermicelli. On the basis of ensuring the processing of pure potato vermicelli, producers must be creative and dare to boldly try innovative and extended products. For example: the production of various crushed vegetable slurries mixed with potato starch. Vegetable health powder products such as celery juice vermicelli, pumpkin juice vermicelli, carrot juice vermicelli, spinach juice vermicelli, kelp vermicelli, seaweed vermicelli and other vegetable health powder products. Higher-end ones can make large bone soup, beef bone soup, lamb bone soup, etc. instead of water and starch. Mix and stir to create powder products. Nowadays, there are already such manufacturers in China, and the market sales are very good. This kind of mixed production was also proposed by Master Sun Zhengjun, an old technician in our factory. This production method allows consumers to more intuitively think of it while ensuring the quality of vermicelli. With fresh ideas and highly nutritious combinations, the future market of this project is worthy of expansion.

In terms of sales, we are currently based on pure green health food that does not contain alum and does not contain any additives. As far as the current market positioning of the product is concerned, first of all, we use "all natural and pollution-free" powder products. demands to meet the needs of different consumers. This is the main positioning of our products. Among the old customer groups, we continue to take "no additives, hygiene, pure sweet potatoes" as the main demands, and take the advantages of low cost, low price and large sales volume. .

6. Summary:

The progress of human thought seems to have pioneers and imitators, dreamers and tryers, and even more empty-handed and dreamy people who cannot realize reality and ability. Slowly go through trials and groping, some succeed and some fail, but the control of success or failure is still in the hands of the operator, and flexibility of thinking is the most critical. ,

When choosing equipment, you must first consider the equipment output and future product sales. Then you should consider which equipment to use and how to match the equipment to be more reasonable and suitable for your own production. When purchasing equipment Be sure to conduct on-site inspections of equipment manufacturers, communicate with equipment manufacturers and sellers about your local conditions and initial ideas, and choose the equipment that suits you based on the sales staff's explanations and your own judgment.

Everything depends on people. Every industry is initially constructed by association or blind imagination combined with reality. The sweet potato deep processing project has a small investment and high profits. It is a good project for farmers in the potato area to get rich.