Deng Jiaxian lived in the Gobi Desert for 28 years. Why did he tell Yang Zhenning before he died that he had won the 20 yuan Prize?

He, a simple man, resolutely participated in China's nuclear research work; He, an unknown person, was scattered by the sandstorm in Gobi. He is a passionate man who has been unknown to his country for decades. When the wheel of years ran over the Gobi, his face also left ruts; When the Gobi sandstorm danced wildly in the sky, the gray figure who didn't know who was mixed in the sandstorm. He is the most loyal son of the party and the pride of the Chinese nation.

Seeing this, people can't help crying. Friends who are familiar with the history of two bombs and one satellite must be familiar with this passage. This is General Zhang Aiping's tribute to Deng Jiaxian.

Deng Jiaxian, a famous nuclear physicist in China, a pioneer and founder of China's nuclear weapons development, was praised by Chinese as "the father of China's atomic bomb".

Deng Jiaxian

In his mind, China is the most important, and home is the least important. Career is important, fame and fortune are light; Deng Jiaxian dared to be an unsung hero and devoted himself to the northwest Gobi Desert for 28 years.

Twenty-eight years later, when the word Deng Jiaxian appeared in public view, the once handsome and sunny "baby doctor" has become a white-haired old man, who has left his wife and children and this family for 28 years. For 28 years, his parents, wife and children have rarely seen him, let alone what he does, and occasionally see him at home. He just stays at home for a while to spend time with his family. Sometimes he can stay at home for one night, and then he has to leave in a hurry.

Twenty-eight years later, he finally met his wife, Ms. Xu Luxi, but by this time, Deng Jiaxian was already an old man with gray temples. I thought Deng Lao could finally reunite with his family after 28 years, but the place to meet was in the hospital. At this point, Deng Jiaxian has been diagnosed with rectal cancer, and has reached the advanced stage. After 28 years of hard work, Deng Jiaxian finally stopped. He was willing to stop because he was diagnosed with advanced rectal cancer by the hospital and was "forced" to stay in the hospital for treatment.

Deng Jiaxian

But it's too late. Although the hospital tried its best to save the life of this "national treasure scientist", after Deng Jiaxian was diagnosed with rectal cancer, until Deng Jiaxian died, Deng Jiaxian underwent three operations, and finally failed to save the life of this "national treasure scientist".

At the end of his life, he endured great pain and completed a proposal on the future development of China's nuclear weapons with Mr. Yu Min.

Shortly before Deng Jiaxian died, the organization provided him with a personal car. With the help of his family, Deng Jiaxian took a small turn in this car and said that he had enjoyed the treatment given by the state.

Regarding his illness, Deng Jiaxian said in his hospital bed: "I knew this day would come, but I didn't expect it to come so soon." .

Deng Jiaxian

On his deathbed, Deng Jiaxian said to his wife Xu Luxi, "If I can be reborn after my life, I will choose China and choose the nuclear career." .

Deng Jiaxian's last words were how to work hard on cutting-edge weapons and told: "Don't let others leave us too far away ..."

1986 On July 29th, Deng Jiaxian died of massive bleeding at the age of 62.

This is a scientist who has been unknown all his life and devoted himself to the land under his feet.

Then, how did Deng Jiaxian achieve obscurity and selfless dedication for 28 years, and how did he tell his friend Yang Zhenning that the prize for developing two bombs was 20 yuan before his death?

I met Yang Zhenning, the most important friend in my life, in Beiping.

1On June 25th, 924, Deng Jiaxian was born into a scholarly family in Huaining, Anhui.

Shortly after Deng Jiaxian was born, the Deng Jiaxian family moved to Beiping, and Deng Jiaxian's father Deng Yizhe was a professor at Tsinghua University and Peking University College of Literature.

Here, Deng Jiaxian met Yang Zhenning, one of the most important playmates in his childhood and life.

As Deng Jiaxian's father Deng Yizhe and Yang Zhenning's father Yang Wuzhi have been close friends for many years, their ancestral home is Anhui and they are both neighbors living in Tsinghua campus, Deng Jiaxian and Yang Zhenning forged a profound friendship when they were young.

After studying, Deng Jiaxian and Yang Zhenning were admitted to Chongde Middle School in Beiping.

Rage tore the flag of Japanese imperialist invaders, and then went to the road of serving the country scientifically.

Deng Jiaxian spent his childhood in Beiping, a turbulent city. However, even such a day was not long ago.

1937, 1 In July, the Japanese imperialist aggressors created the Lugouqiao Incident in Beiping, and Japan began to invade China in an all-round way. China's army guarding Beiping rose, but Beiping finally fell. After the Japanese invaders occupied Peiping, they forced the citizens of Peiping to hold a "procession" and "celebrate" the so-called "victory" of the Japanese invaders.

Faced with this humiliation, Deng Jiaxian, who was only 13 years old, could not stand the insult of the Japanese invaders. He tore the Japanese flag into pieces in front of everyone and threw it on the ground, then stamped it heavily on the ground.

After this incident, Beiping became an occupied area, full of Japanese aggressors and traitors and lackeys. A good friend of Deng Jiaxian's father advised Deng Jiaxian's father to leave here as soon as possible, or he might be retaliated by the Japanese aggressors.

In desperation, Deng Jiaxian's father had to let Deng Jiaxian leave Beiping. At this time, Deng Jiaxian's father suffered from lung disease and often coughed up blood, so the task of sending Deng Jiaxian away was handed over to Deng Jiaxian's sister.

Since the Japanese invaders entered Beiping City, the heinous Japanese aggressors have been everywhere. At this time, the schools in Beiping have already lost the opportunity to study quietly. Soon, Tsinghua and Peking University withdrew to the south, accompanied by many professors and even many friends from Tsinghua and Peking University.

Before Deng Jiaxian left Beiping, Deng Jiaxian's father Deng Yizhe said this to Deng Jiaxian. "Jiaxian, you must study science in the future, not literature, science can save the country and be useful to the country";

Deng Jiaxian's father's words are deeply engraved in Deng Jiaxian's mind, so that he will never forget the Japanese invaders' trampling on this growing land under his feet. At this time, Deng Jiaxian's mind appeared the idea of national Chou He subjugation.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Deng Jiaxian graduated from the Physics Department of The National SouthWest Associated University. After graduation, Deng Jiaxian participated in "Youth for the People" in Kunming and devoted himself to the struggle for democracy and against the dictatorship of the Kuomintang.

Later, Deng Jiaxian returned to Beiping, where he had been away for a long time, worked as a teaching assistant in the Physics Department of Peking University, and served as the chairman of the faculty and staff union of Peking University in the student movement.

In order to learn more knowledge and skills, Deng Jiaxian decided to go abroad for further study. 1947, Deng Jiaxian was admitted as an American graduate student.

1948, Deng Jiaxian entered the American Physics Department. Deng Jiaxian studied hard and often stayed up late during her further study at the University of Putton. Thanks to Deng Jiaxian's efforts, Deng Jiaxian's academic performance is outstanding. Results In less than two years, I completed the credits of Purdue University, successfully passed the defense of my doctoral thesis, and got my doctorate from Purdue University. At this point, Deng Jiaxian was only 26 years old. Because of Deng Jiaxian's simple and hearty smile, he got a "doll doctor".

Deng Jiaxian

In less than two years, he successfully obtained a master's degree from Purdue University in the United States. With the conditions in Deng Jiaxian at that time, you can find a well-paid job in the United States and continue to engage in your own business. With the advanced and abundant scientific research laboratories in the United States at that time, Deng Jiaxian is very likely to achieve something in the future, with both fame and fortune.

But how can this "doll doctor" forget the memory of the Japanese invaders trampling on their homes when they were young, let alone forget their father's words?

Fame and fortune are like clouds in Deng Jiaxian's eyes. Nine days after receiving his degree, Dr. Doll still gave up the superior living and working conditions in the United States, bought a plane ticket for US President Wilson, and chose to return to the poor and white motherland.

After returning to Deng Jiaxian, someone asked Deng Jiaxian what he had brought back at the reception.

Deng Jiaxian replied: "First, I brought my father some nylon stockings that we can't produce yet, and second, I brought back a head of knowledge about atomic nuclei." .

After returning to China, Deng Jiaxian worked in the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

1953, Deng Jiaxian and Xu Luxi got married and they lived peacefully and happily for five years.

Hiding in the Gobi desert for 28 years

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/958, Deng Jiaxian, who had returned to China for eight years, finally waited for his long-awaited wish.

One day, Liu Jie, vice minister of the Second Machinery Department, found Deng Jiaxian and said that "the country should enlarge firecrackers" and asked him if he would like to take part in this work.

Due to the need for confidentiality, participants in the "Big Fireworks" need to strictly abide by confidentiality, and can't tell their parents in the world or their wives and children in the world. They can only be unsung heroes, can't publish their academic papers publicly, and have no reputation. Some just accompany the Gobi desert. Deng Jiaxian agreed without hesitation.

Deng Jiaxian

That night, Deng Jiaxian came home late. Many years after Deng Jiaxian's death, Xu Luxi recalled: "On this day, Deng Jiaxian must have felt a little heavy when he came home, but he didn't mention anything. He just told Xu Luxi that he was going to transfer his job and asked him where he was going. He said no and asked him what he did. Deng Jiaxian said no and asked him where he could give me a job. Deng Jiaxian also replied that it may not work. "

Faced with a series of questions from his wife Xu Luxi, Deng Jiaxian simply replied that she couldn't say anything, and then told his wife Xu Luxi that she would rarely take care of her family and children in the future, so Xu Luxi would do everything at home.

Deng Jiaxian

That is, from this day on, Deng Jiaxian, who won the "Baby Doctor", disappeared from the public and friends around him, and the word "Deng Jiaxian" disappeared from all academic journals, as if there had never been such a person in the world. Since then, Deng Jiaxian and Xu Luxi, a young couple, have been together for 28 years.

At that time, few people in China knew about the development of the atomic bomb, and many people even heard about it for the first time.

Later, Deng Jiaxian, together with Professor Wang and Professor Peng Huanwu, invested in the China Institute of Modern Physics and began to study China's nuclear physics theory.

However, at that time we were poor and had to do everything. Years of war have led to economic collapse, and we urgently need time to recuperate and restore the economy. At that time, food and clothing were not completely solved, and there was no money and conditions to do research on nuclear physics theory.

In order to solve the hall and test site for studying the teaching mode of atomic bomb as soon as possible, Deng Jiaxian led a group of newly graduated college students to jump around the clock to pick up tiles and participate in the construction of the test site. Let's work together and cheer each other up when we are tired. It is in this extremely difficult condition that Deng Jiaxian led young college students to build a wide asphalt road in a chaotic grave road, and the teaching mode of atomic bomb has mushroomed.

There is a nuclear theory research base here, and the information about nuclear is also very scarce. After all, even the talent pool that knew about the atomic bomb was poor at that time. Many people may have heard of the atomic bomb for the first time, let alone what it is. About the atomic bomb.

As the saying goes, "Where there is a will, there is a way". If you don't have information, you can find a printer and teach yourself. In this way, Deng Jiaxian found a batch of materials and books about the atomic world, and Deng Jiaxian led the young scientific research team to study the theory assiduously.

1959, the Soviet union refused to provide the promised mathematical model of the atomic bomb and related technical data. Later, the Soviet Union withdrew all the experts, leaving not even a piece of paper. He even quipped, "Without their help, China could not have built an atomic bomb within 20 years." .

In the face of the Soviet Union's breach of contract, it did not frighten us. On the contrary, it encouraged us to build our own atomic bomb independently.

Deng Jiaxian led a young scientific research team to explore the world inside the atomic bomb day and night from scratch.

At that time, European and American countries used calculators and more advanced computers to calculate, while the scientific research team led by Deng Jiaxian used abacus and draft paper. In order to improve efficiency and find out the internal world of atomic bomb theory as early as possible, Deng Jiaxian adopted the method of "three shifts", and people kept calculating the theoretical research of atomic bomb day and night.

In the process of calculating the atomic bomb theory, when Deng Jiaxian encountered a number of atmospheric pressure of a nuclear explosion that was different from the data left by Soviet experts, in order to verify this crucial data, Deng Jiaxian led the scientific research team through repeated calculations, and the calculated draft paper could fill a room. Finally, with Zhou's help, Deng Jiaxian overthrew the original conclusion left by Soviet experts in a scientific and rigorous way. The success of Deng Jiaxian's calculation data solved the key data related to the success or failure of China's atomic bomb test.

With the unremitting efforts of the scientific research team led by Deng Jiaxian, we finally decided to take neutron physics, fluid mechanics and physical properties under high temperature and high pressure as the main direction of developing China's first atomic bomb.

Choosing the right main attack direction of the atomic bomb laid the foundation for the ultimate success of the theoretical design of the atomic bomb.

The most critical time to develop the atomic bomb was also the most difficult three-year natural disaster. At that time, many people faced hunger. Although the food of the staff in the cutting-edge fields was highly guaranteed at that time, due to the lack of oil and water, many staff worked day and night, so they often went hungry.

At this time, Deng Jiaxian, as the leader of the theoretical design of the atomic bomb, could get some food stamps from his father-in-law, and Deng Jiaxian would also use these food stamps to buy some biscuits and other things, and then give them to everyone, but he himself was not willing to eat a bite.

Although life is hard, the public relations team led by Deng Jiaxian is still enthusiastic and works overtime day and night.

Deng Jiaxian, as the leader of atomic bomb theory research, not only has to work hard in scientific research institutes, but also often goes deep into the northwest Gobi desert proving ground. No matter whether it is cold winter or hot summer, he should go deep into the proving ground to better understand the first-hand information of the experiment. Deng Jiaxian spent eight years in his life.

19641June 16, with the efforts of the scientific research team led by Deng Jiaxian and countless unsung heroes, China successfully exploded the first atomic bomb in the northwest Gobi desert experimental site.

Atomic bomb explosion

The successful explosion of the atomic bomb greatly improved our international status and comprehensive national strength.

Then, Deng Jiaxian led the scientific research team into the hydrogen bomb. After two years and eight months' efforts, China successfully exploded the first hydrogen bomb.

From the successful explosion of the first atomic bomb to the successful explosion of the first hydrogen bomb, it took the United States seven years and three months, the Soviet Union six years and three months, Britain four years and seven months, and France eight years and six months.

After successfully exploding the atomic bomb and the hydrogen bomb, Deng Jiaxian led the scientific research team to continue to March into atomic weapons.

Under the leadership of Deng Jiaxian, they have conquered underground nuclear tests, neutron bombs and other nuclear weapons fields, and made contributions from generation to generation abroad.

In an underground nuclear test, a machine broke down. At that time, some people advocated pulling up the machine for inspection, but it was too dangerous. When Deng Jiaxian learned of the situation, regardless of the cold, he went down in person and didn't come up until the problem was solved.

After solving the problem, everyone held a celebration together. Deng Jiaxian collapsed after drinking a small glass of wine. The reason is that he is often tired and doesn't have a good rest. When the hospital staff took his blood pressure, Deng Jiaxian's blood pressure was horribly low. Later, after several days and nights of rescue, Deng Jiaxian finally woke up. The first sentence when he woke up was: "Did the research report come out?"

At this time, his mind was just working, and he didn't notice his body at all.

In an air-dropped hydrogen bomb test, because the parachute did not open, the hydrogen bomb came down from the plane and directly hit the ground. Fortunately, it didn't explode, but it did.

Later, more than 100 anti-chemical soldiers were sent to look for the whereabouts of the hydrogen bomb, but none were found. Deng Jiaxian himself rushed to the area where the bomb fell, and he finally found it. After finding the hydrogen bomb, Deng Jiaxian personally picked up the broken shell to ensure the safety of the hydrogen bomb, which made him suffer from severe nuclear radiation.

After the inspection, Deng Jiaxian, who never took work photos, took the initiative to take a group photo with Zhao, vice minister of the Second Machinery Department, before leaving.

At this point, Deng Jiaxian's psychology has been fully aware of the consequences of this nuclear radiation, but what he didn't expect was that this day came faster than he thought.

It is reported that Deng Jiaxian, who came back to work soon, was diagnosed with rectal cancer in the hospital, which is already advanced. At this point, his body has been unable to work and he must be treated in the hospital.

At this time, Deng Jiaxian finally reunited with his wife Xu Luxi. On this day, his family waited for 28 years.

Holding the 10 yuan prize, Deng Jiaxian informed his friend Yang Zhenning that he had won the 20 yuan Prize.

1In August 1985, Deng Jiaxian had an operation to remove rectal cancer.1In March and May 1986, Deng Jiaxian had another operation.

Someone once asked Deng Jiaxian, "How much bonus did Deng Jiaxian get after the atomic bomb exploded successfully?"

Deng Jiaxian laughed at this question until1June 1985, when Deng Jiaxian was critically ill. At this time, Yang Zhenning, who returned to China, came to see him in the hospital and mentioned the matter to him again. Facing Yang Zhenning's question, Deng Jiaxian finally answered it, only to see that he held out two fingers and said, "RMB 10 yuan, atomic bomb 10 yuan, hydrogen bomb 10 yuan".

Deng Jiaxian

In the face of Deng Jiaxian's confession, Mr. Yang Zhenning didn't believe it. Yang Zhenning said, "Are you kidding?"

Deng Jiaxian replied: "This is a fact, not a joke."

1985 national atomic bomb award 10000 yuan, and many people are engaged in atomic bomb research. Due to the large number of people, it will be distributed according to 10 yuan, 5 yuan and 3 yuan. Even so, the unit paid hundreds of thousands in advance.

Later, many years later, Yang Zhenning said of Deng Jiaxian in Deng Jiaxian:

"... Deng Jiaxian is one of the most insignificant figures. Talking to him for a few minutes shows that he is honest and honest. He is honest and never proud. He is not narrow-minded. He likes the character represented by the word' pure' all his life. Among the intellectuals I know, including China people and foreigners, he is the most simple peasant in China. "

1986 On July 29th, Deng Jiaxian died of systemic hemorrhage at the age of 62.