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Visit Shanxi Village

Lu You

Moxiao’s farmhouse is full of cured wine ①, and in good years there are enough chickens and dolphins to visit.

There is no way out despite the mountains and rivers ③, and there is another village with dark flowers and bright flowers ④.

The flutes and drums follow the Spring Society ⑤, and the simple and ancient style of clothing remains ⑥.

From now on, if I am allowed to take advantage of the moon, I will knock on the door at night with my stick.

Translation

Don’t laugh at the farmers’ wine. In the year of good harvest, there will be plenty of delicacies to entertain guests.

There are mountains and rivers, and there is no way out. Suddenly, the willows are dark green, the flowers are bright, and a village appears in front of us.

You play the flute, I beat the drum, we form a team to celebrate, the Chunshe Festival is approaching, commoners wear plain hats, and the simple ancient customs are still preserved.

From today on, if you are allowed to travel by moonlight, I, a white-haired old man, will also enjoy the night, leaning on a cane and knocking on the firewood door.

[Note]

①: wax wine: wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month of the first year.

②: Tún: It means preparing sumptuous dishes. Pig, piglet, refers to pork in the poem.

③: mountains and rivers: mountains and rivers.

④: The willows are dark and the flowers are bright: The green willows are lush and the shade is thick, and the flowers are delicate and bright.

⑤: Flute and drum: play the flute and drum. Spring Society: In ancient times, the day after the beginning of spring to worship the earth god was called Spring Society Day.

⑥: Ancient customs: retaining the simple ancient customs.

⑦: Ruoxu: If so. Take advantage of the moon: Come by the moonlight when you have free time.

⑧: No time: any time. Knock (kòu): knock on the door.

Appreciation

This is a simple and natural travel poem about a mountain village. The poet uses sincere feelings and clear writing style to describe the mountain village scenery and farm customs, and the atmosphere of life is very rich.

The poem vividly describes the scenery and customs of the poet's hometown, and is full of a strong flavor of life. The first two sentences of the poem use friendly words such as "mo laugh" and "foot chicken dolphin" to express the villagers' sincere and sincere attitude towards guests. The third and fourth lines of the poem describe the scenery of the mountain village and are famous lines that have always been praised by people. The words "heavy" and "fu" in the third sentence are synonymous, and together with the word "suspicious", they create a confusing scene of overlapping mountains and rivers; the words "dark" and "bright" in the fourth sentence are mutually exclusive. As a foil, together with the word "you", it depicts a surprising scene of green trees and scorching flowers. The fifth and sixth lines of the poem describe the folk customs here. The flutes and drums are playing in unison, and the clothes are simple. They express the poet's praise of the simple rural life. In the last two lines of the poem, the author expresses his feelings. The warm hospitality, beautiful scenery, and simple folk customs here made the poet very interested. However, the poet did not describe this mood directly, but expressed it in another way in a tortuous way, saying, "From now on, if you can take a leisurely ride on the moon, there will be no time to lean on a stick." "Knocking on the door at night" shows that the interest is strong and intense.

Envoy to the fortress

Author: Wang Wei Era: Tang Dynasty Genre: Wulu Category: Frontier Fortress

The bicycle wants to ask about the border, but the country it belongs to is too far away.

Zheng Peng left Hansai, returned to Yan and entered Hutian.

The solitary smoke in the desert is straight, and the sun is setting over the long river.

Whenever Xiao Guan is waiting to ride, he will always protect Yan Ran.

Translation:

Where is the light car going? The mission was at the northwest frontier. They appear at the border fortress like fluffy grass blown away by the wind, and enter the border like returning geese flying north. The eye-catching beacon smoke rises tall and straight in the vast desert, and the sun sets brightly over the long Yellow River. When we arrived at the border fortress, we only encountered the remaining troops. It turned out that the generals were on the front line of Yanran.

Appreciation:

In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan (737), Cui Xiyi, deputy ambassador of Hexi Jiedu, defeated Tubo. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered Wang Wei to go to the fortress as a supervisory censor to express condolences and inspect the military situation. . This actually pushed Wang Wei out of the court. This poem was written on the way to the border.

"Bicycles want to ask for directions." If a light bike goes there, where is it going? "The country has passed over Juyan", Juyan is located in the northwest of Zhangye County, Gansu Province, far away from the northwest frontier.

"Zheng Peng left Hansai, returning wild geese entered Hutian", the poet compared himself with "Peng" and "Wild Geese", saying that he came to "Hansai" like a fluffy grass blown away by the wind. , entering the "Hu Tian" like the "Guiyan" flying north.

In ancient poems, flying puffs are often used to describe wanderers, but here they are used to describe a minister with a mission to the court, which is a metaphor for the poet's inner anger and depression. Echoes the "bicycle" in the first sentence. A journey of thousands of miles was conveyed in just ten words.

Then capture the typical scenery in the desert and describe it: "The desert is solitary and the smoke is straight, and the sun is setting over the long river." The last two sentences are written when arriving at the frontier fortress: "When Xiao Guan is waiting to ride, he will always protect Yan Ran." When they arrived at the border fortress, they did not meet the general. The scout told the envoy that the general was at the front line of Yanran.

The poet focused his writing on what he was best at winning - describing scenes. The author's mission happened to be in spring. On the way, he saw several lines of returning geese flying north. The poet created a metaphor based on the scene and used the returning geese to compare himself. He not only narrated the story but also described the scenery. It was two strokes in one stroke, which was appropriate and natural. In particular, the couplet "The solitary smoke is straight in the desert, and the sun is setting in the long river" describes the strange and magnificent scenery outside the border fortress seen after entering the border fortress. The border desert is vast and boundless, so the word "big" in "desert" is used. The frontier fortress is desolate and there are no wonders. The thick smoke from the beacon tower is particularly eye-catching, so it is called "lone smoke". The character "solitary" expresses the monotony of the scenery, while the character "straight" immediately following it expresses the beauty of its strength and perseverance. There are no mountains and trees in the desert, and the Yellow River that runs through it cannot express the poet's feelings without using the word "long". The sunset can easily give people a sentimental impression, but the word "round" is used here, but it gives people a warm, warm and boundless feeling. The word "round" and the word "straight" not only accurately depict the scene of the desert, but also express the author's deep feelings. The poet skillfully dissolves his loneliness into the description of the vast natural scene. Chapter 48 of "A Dream of Red Mansions" says: "'The solitary smoke in the desert is straight, and the sun sets round in the long river.' How can the smoke be straight? The sun is naturally round. The word 'straight' seems unreasonable, and the word 'round' seems too vulgar." When I closed the book and thought about it, I seemed to have seen this scene. If I were to search for two more words to replace these two, I couldn't find two more words. This is the advantage of poetry, which cannot be expressed in words. The meaning of "I want to go" is realistic; it seems irrational, but "I want to go" is actually reasonable and sentimental." This passage can be regarded as expressing the superb artistic realm of these two poems.

Rewarding Lotte at the first banquet in Yangzhou.

[Tang Dynasty] Liu Yuxi

Bashan Chushui is a desolate place, abandoned for twenty-three years.

Reciting the poems on the flute in the nostalgic space, when I go to the countryside to read it, I feel like a dead person.

Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased trees.

Listen to a song of Junge today, and let me have a glass of wine for the time being.

[Today's translation]

The Chushui River in Bashan is a desolate and desolate place. For the past twenty-three years, I have been abandoned there by the imperial court. When I returned to my hometown, all my comrades-in-arms had passed away, I could only recite "Reminiscence of the Old Ode" that Xiang Xiu wrote when he heard the flute to remember them, and he himself became the man in the myth who lost his axe, and no one knew him anymore. It feels like a world away. I am like a sunken ship, and the new rich are like thousands of sails racing by, and like a diseased tree, before my eyes are thousands of trees vying for spring, full of vitality. When I hear the song you sang for me today, just cheer up with this glass of water and wine.

[Note]

This poem was written by Liu Yuxi when he returned to Luoyang from Hezhou at the end of the second year of Baoli (826) by Emperor Jingzong of the Tang Dynasty and met Bai Juyi via Yangzhou. Remuneration: reward. Lotte: Refers to Bai Juyi, whose courtesy name is Lotte.

Bashan Chushui: refers to Sichuan and the two lakes. Liu Yuxi was demoted to Langzhou, Lianzhou, Kuizhou, Hezhou and other places. Kuizhou belonged to the Ba Kingdom in ancient times, and most other places belonged to the Chu Kingdom.

Twenty-three years: After the failure of Yongzhen's reform, Liu Yuxi was demoted and stayed for twenty-three years. Abandon: discard.

Wen Di Fu: Xiu Xiu's "Si Jiu Fu". The preface says: I passed by Ji Kang, so I wrote this poem in memory of him. Liu Yuxi borrowed this allusion to commemorate the deceased Wang Shuwen, Liu Zongyuan and others.

Lanke people: Legend has it that Wang Zhi, a Jin man, went into the mountains to cut firewood and saw two boys playing chess. After a while, the boy asked Wang Zhi why he didn't go, and Wang Zhi realized in shock that the ax handle had rotted. After returning to his hometown, it has been a hundred years and no one knows him (see "Shu Yi Ji"). Liu Yuxi used this story to express the vicissitudes of the world, the changes in people's affairs, and the feeling of returning to his hometown in his old age as if he had been separated from another world.

Song Yiqu: refers to the poem "Drunk Gift to the Twenty-Eight Envoy Liu" written by Bai Juyi.