How to effectively manage the equipment in the computer room

I. Daily operation and maintenance management of computer room

1. The operation and maintenance personnel arrive at the machine room at 8: 30 every day to conduct equipment inspection, and conduct equipment inspection again after work every day 17: 30, and record it in the Equipment Daily Inspection Record Form. If any abnormality is found, it shall be reported to the person in charge of the computer room immediately, and relevant product service providers shall be contacted for technical support.

2. Any abnormal situation and its handling operations should be recorded in the event list, providing a basis for future problem management.

3. Every morning and afternoon, the computer room operation and maintenance personnel should reasonably arrange time to check the running status of computer room equipment, including the status of system resources such as memory, hard disk and CPU. When the resources run abnormally, the operation process of related system equipment should be checked and transferred to the event management process for handling.

4. Keep the computer room clean and tidy. All equipment should be placed in an orderly manner, and no waste items should be left in the computer room. Do not store items unrelated to work, and do not take away items in the computer room without permission.

Second, the computer room network security management

1. Newly purchased equipment should be carefully checked before installation and use. Take measures to prevent virus infection before use, and put it into formal operation after trial operation is normal.

2, computer room equipment is strictly prohibited to connect to the Internet.

3. For network equipment and servers, it is necessary to establish different user accounts, give different users operating rights, and register them. Disable guest accounts and delete redundant, expired and * * * shared accounts in the server. Relevant information and operation must be counted regularly and reported to superior leaders.

4. Set the timeout lock for logging in to the server. If you don't operate for more than 10 minutes, it will be locked. You need to log in after re-certification.

5. The local login and remote login of confidential servers, terminals and applications involved in the system must be authenticated by users and associated with security audit to ensure the traceability of security incidents in the system.

6. It is forbidden for any department or individual to conduct penetration tests, attack other networked hosts and spread viruses.

7, strictly implement the computer operating rules and various management systems, strengthen the anti-virus education for managers and employees.

8. The network server should be equipped with a firewall system to strengthen network security management.

9, virus detection and network security detection must designate special technical and management personnel responsible for; The person in charge must regularly check the network security and virus detection. Regularly use the test tools approved by the relevant national authorities to conduct safety tests on the system, and the test tools and versions should be updated in time. For the discovered security risks of system software and application software, it is necessary to obtain relevant remedial measures from system software developers and application software developers in time, such as installing patch software, formulating new security strategies, upgrading virus database, etc.

Third, the computer room hardware equipment safety management

1, the operation and maintenance personnel of the computer room must be familiar with the basic safety operation and rules of the equipment in the computer room, especially the operation of servers and switches, so as to maintain them in time.

2. Regularly check and sort out the equipment connection lines, regularly check the hardware operation status (such as equipment indicator lights, meters, etc.), regularly read the hardware operation self-inspection report, and keep abreast of the equipment operation status.

3. It is forbidden to move the equipment at will, install or disassemble the hardware on the equipment at will, or change the wiring of the equipment at will, or reset the hardware at will.

4. Experimental configuration operation on the server is prohibited. If you need to configure the server, you need to debug it on other experimental machines and confirm that it is feasible before you can accurately configure the server.

5. For the change and debugging of hardware equipment that will affect the whole world, notice should be given in advance, and sufficient time, scheme and personnel should be prepared before the hardware equipment can be changed.

6. For major equipment configuration changes, a scheme document must be formed first. After discussion and confirmation, qualified technicians will make changes and adjustments, and make detailed records of changes and operations. Before changing, upgrading and configuring the equipment, it is necessary to fully prepare for the possible negative consequences caused by the change, upgrading and configuration, and prepare spare parts and emergency measures when necessary.

7. No one is allowed to perform any operation unrelated to the scope of work on the core equipment such as servers and switching equipment. Without the permission of the superior, the core server and equipment shall not be adjusted and configured.

8, hardware equipment failure, should fill in the "hardware equipment maintenance failure registration form", fill in the details of the failure and the cause of the failure, and carry out maintenance, after the failure handling, should fill in the handling situation and results, to the superior acceptance, after signing, archived for future reference.

9. The hardware and firmware for storing classified information shall be repaired by the unit with the qualification of data recovery of classified information system.

10. Equipment that is no longer used or can't be used shall be scrapped in time according to the relevant regulations of the state secrecy department, and the final destination shall be recorded.

Fourth, the computer room software security management

1. Establish a computer software management account, register each set of computer software and incorporate it into asset management.

2. Keep computer software media, manuals, licenses (or contracts) and other materials properly.

3, according to the operating instructions, the correct use of various application software.

4. Non-dedicated software must be installed, and must be submitted for inspection, and the installation and use filing procedures must be handled.

5. The software must be kept by a special person, and it is forbidden for anyone to copy the computer room software privately and spread it out at will.

6. Any software upgrade in use needs the written approval of the supervisor.

Five, the computer room information, documents and data security management

1. Materials, documents and data must be effectively organized, classified and filed.

2, hard disk, floppy disk, CD-ROM, tape, storage equipment and other confidential information storage media should be marked according to the highest security level of stored information.

3. It is forbidden for any personnel to provide data, files, data, configuration parameters and other information in the computer room to other irrelevant personnel in any form without authorization.

4. Important information, passwords, materials and documents related to network security and data security must be properly kept. If foreign workers really need to browse documents, materials or inquire about relevant data, they should consult the relevant person in charge of the computer room and only provide them with data or materials related to their current work content.

5. Important materials, documents and data should be encrypted, stored and backed up by corresponding technical means. For encrypted data, please make sure to recover it to prevent the loss of important data.

6. It is forbidden to use computers, terminals and the Internet to inquire and access confidential data for irrelevant personnel; Disks and CDs containing secret information are strictly prohibited from lending and copying; Don't provide network access and passwords to irrelevant people.

7. When the job is transferred, the confidential documents and materials managed by the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the confidential notebooks used must be submitted, and the guarantee that the secrets will not be disclosed within a certain period after the handover must be submitted.

8, found that the loss, leakage phenomenon, should be reported in a timely manner.

9. When classified information storage media that are no longer used or cannot be used are scrapped, the information shall be eliminated or the carrier shall be destroyed. The technology, equipment and measures adopted shall comply with the relevant provisions of the state secrecy department.

Six, computer room safety management

1, the central computer room should take effective access control measures and be equipped with "three irons and one device".

2, in and out of the computer room should pay attention to lock the security door. For guests entering and leaving the computer room, the relevant staff in the computer room should be responsible for the safety of the guests. The last person to leave the computer room must consciously check and close all the doors and windows of the computer room and lock the anti-theft device. Should take the initiative to refuse strangers to enter the computer room.

3. Before leaving the work area, the staff should ensure that the console passwords of servers, switches and other devices are locked.

4. The operation and maintenance personnel shall strictly implement the personnel access registration system, and shall not invite irrelevant personnel to visit the computer room. System and line maintenance personnel of other units need to contact management personnel in advance when entering the computer room, and can only be accompanied by management personnel after approval, and fill in the personnel access registration form.

5. When foreigners enter, there must be special staff to take full responsibility for their behavior safety.

6. Without the approval of the competent leader, it is forbidden to lend or disclose items and information related to the computer room to other personnel, and at the same time, it is the responsibility to keep the safety information confidential. Immediately report the loss of keys and the leakage of safety information, and take active measures to ensure the safety of the computer room.

7. The computer room personnel have the responsibility to put forward improvement suggestions in time for the loopholes and imperfections in the computer room security system.

8. Never allow people who have nothing to do with the work in the computer room to directly or indirectly manipulate any equipment in the computer room.

9. In case of computer room theft, door breaking, fire, flooding, 1 10 alarm and other serious incidents, the computer room staff are obliged to arrive at the scene as quickly as possible and in the shortest time to assist in handling related incidents.

Seven, computer room electricity safety management

1, the computer room staff should learn the conventional safe operation and knowledge of electricity consumption, and understand the operating procedures of power supply and electricity facilities in the computer room.

2. Computer room personnel should always learn and master the steps, measures and essentials of emergency treatment of power consumption in computer room. The computer room should arrange qualified personnel to regularly check the power supply, electrical equipment and UPS equipment.

3. Computer room personnel should make a good UPS discharge plan, accurately evaluate the duration of UPS discharge, make a plan to replace or repair UPS and report it to relevant personnel.

4. Operation and maintenance personnel should regularly check whether the operating parameters, load and battery capacity of UPS are normal, and make timely adjustments and records if there are any abnormalities.

5. It is forbidden to cut off the power supply and change the power supply line of the equipment at will. It is strictly forbidden to connect, connect and take all kinds of power supply lines at will, and it is strictly forbidden to scatter power plugs on the ground. If potential safety hazards are found, measures should be taken immediately to solve them. If it cannot be solved, it must be solved to the relevant responsible personnel in time. The power switch and power socket in the machine room shall be clearly marked with the controlled equipment.

6. Before using electrical equipment with power exceeding a specific wattage, it must be approved by the superior supervisor and used on the basis of ensuring line safety.

7. In case of mains electricity alarm, check in the computer room as soon as possible and notify relevant personnel. After the incident is handled, the mains alarm equipment should be reset in time.

8, when the external power supply system power failure, computer room staff should fully cooperate to complete the emergency work of power failure. When a generator is needed to generate electricity, the electricity consumption of the computer room should be calculated and the generator model should be reasonably selected to generate electricity. Overload power supply is strictly prohibited.

9, regularly (no more than three months) to test and maintain the power supply facilities, to ensure the normal power supply.

Eight, room air conditioning management

1. In order to ensure a good working environment of the equipment, proper room temperature and humidity should be maintained. The room temperature should be kept at 22℃-26℃, and the indoor humidity should be lower than 70%.

2. When the air conditioner is running, the inspectors should check whether the operating parameters and status are normal on time. If there is any abnormality, it should be adjusted and recorded in time.

3. Clean the air conditioner regularly to prevent the air conditioner from working abnormally due to poor heat dissipation.

4, equipped with a standby electric fan, in order to prevent the room temperature rises rapidly when the air conditioner fails. Check the availability of spare electric fans regularly.

5. Check and maintain the air conditioning system comprehensively in spring and autumn every year to ensure the normal operation of the unit.

6, check once a day, to ensure the normal operation of the air conditioning system, if there is any fault should be reported in time. In summer, the inspection frequency should be increased twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

7, computer room maintenance personnel should know how to carry out some necessary air conditioning cooling means, so that in the case of temperature rise, through auxiliary means to reduce the speed of temperature rise.

Nine, computer room fire safety management

1, the computer room staff should be familiar with the internal fire safety operation and rules of the computer room, understand the working principle of fire fighting equipment, and master the steps, measures and essentials of fire emergency treatment.

2. Fire fighting equipment should be placed in a conspicuous and accessible place, and no one is allowed to change the working state and equipment position of the fire fighting system at will. If it is necessary to change the working state and equipment position of the fire fighting system, it must be approved by the competent leader. Staff should protect fire fighting equipment from damage.

3, battery pack and other major fire risk points of daily inspection, check whether the battery leaks, whether there is abnormal fever, whether the electrode contacts are connected normally.

4. Don't put inflammable articles such as cartons and manuals near sockets and batteries.

5, should regularly carry out fire knowledge training, fire equipment use training. If a fire safety hazard is found, measures shall be taken immediately to solve it. If it cannot be solved, it should be solved to the relevant responsible personnel in time.

6. Smoking and the use of open flames are prohibited in the computer room. If an open flame is caused by wiring or other reasons, you should call 1 19 in time to inform the corresponding person in charge and solve the problem quickly.

7, regularly check the status of fire equipment, to ensure the availability of fire equipment.

X. Emergency response of computer room

1. When the computer room is out of power, UPS equipment will provide power support for the computer room equipment, but the power that UPS can provide is limited and needs to be handled according to the actual situation, as follows:

When there is a power failure, there is a short message alarm mechanism to inform the maintenance personnel of the computer room, and the maintenance personnel should immediately notify the management personnel of the computer room and rush back to the computer room within one hour.

The maintenance personnel of the computer room actively cooperate with the supervisor, coordinate the operation and maintenance parties of various power supply circuits, and timely check and handle the faults of the mains circuit.

According to the list of basic business service equipment, only the basic business service equipment keeps running, and the other equipment is shut down.

When the UPS power supply is insufficient, all equipment should be turned off in time to avoid system equipment failure caused by sudden power failure.

2. When the temperature of the computer room rises, corresponding emergency measures need to be taken to protect the equipment, as follows:

When the temperature threshold is reached, there should be a short message notification mechanism to inform the maintenance personnel of the computer room. Maintenance personnel will arrive at the site within one hour, and the standby electric fan will be started immediately.

When the temperature of the machine room exceeds 28℃, the maintenance personnel shall immediately notify the competent personnel and actively cooperate with the air-conditioning maintenance personnel to deal with it as soon as possible.

When the temperature exceeds 35℃, non-basic equipment can be turned off according to the list of basic business service equipment, and only basic business service equipment can be provided for operation;

When the temperature of the computer room exceeds 40℃, all system equipment should be shut down.

3. Unlike power supply and air conditioning failures, there is no buffer period to deal with or reduce the impact. Once there is a fire in the unattended computer room, it will inevitably lead to heavy property losses. Prevention first, for the fire in the computer room, we must pay attention to the daily inspection of the battery pack. When there is a fire in the computer room, corresponding emergency measures should be taken in line with the ideological principle of saving people first and then saving people, as follows:

There is an alarm mechanism to inform the local fire department and notify the maintenance personnel and competent personnel of the computer room. And notify in place according to the pre-established contact list in case of fire.

Disconnect the power supply immediately after arriving at the scene to prevent the fire caused by the power supply from expanding further.

Find a safe place to monitor the fire and actively cooperate with firefighters to deal with the fire.

4. When the equipment fails, replace the existing equipment with standby equipment, and ensure that the new equipment configuration and user key are consistent with the old equipment, and the new equipment configuration and data are consistent with the old equipment.

5. When the transmission line trunk fails, please contact the network provider in time to test and repair the line.

6. If there is an unforeseen emergency, report it to the competent person in time, and contact relevant technicians to take appropriate emergency measures for emergency treatment.