Requesting a text message about building a clean government

Integrity mottos and aphorisms (1)

1. Frugality fosters virtue, and integrity builds one’s character.

2. The style must be simple, the work must be solid, and the tasks must be implemented.

3. Right and wrong come from learning, honor and integrity come from party spirit, and corruption ends with righteousness.

4. People's hearts are like a scale to measure who is less important and who is more important, and public opinion is like a mirror showing who is corrupt and who is honest.

5. It is easy to protect the early festival, but it is difficult to protect the late festival. It is difficult to cultivate virtue for a hundred years, but it is easy to lose it in one day.

6. Being honest and honest in politics will bring virtuous conduct to future generations. If you are greedy for money and make a mistake, you will be ashamed of this life.

7. Don’t be arrogant in good times and don’t sink in adversity. Be an upright and upright person. Don’t be mediocre and turbulent in normal times. Don’t be a diligent and honest official.

8. Give up drinking, sex, and greed, and be disciplined to yourself, your wife, and your children.

9. The reputation of a gold cup and a silver cup is not as good as that of the common people; the gold and silver awards are not as good as the praise of the common people.

10. Only by being self-discipline can you convince others, by being upright can you lead others, and only by being selfless can you impress others.

11. Be upright as a person and spotless as an official.

12. Don’t be honest because the official is small, and don’t be diligent because the work is small.

13. Being a person is based on morality, serving the people first, and being an official is based on law.

14. You must have the ability to distinguish right from wrong, the ability to self-control in the face of temptation, and the ability to repent in the face of warnings.

15. Three questions for leading cadres when doing things: When making excuses, first ask yourself whether you understand; when making demands, first ask yourself whether you can do it; when criticizing others, first ask yourself what your responsibilities are.

16. The key to being in power is to thrive, the key to being in power is to dare to innovate, the way to govern is to seek peace for the people, and the foundation of governance is to clean oneself.

17. Only by being honest can you gather people, only by being self-discipline can you convince others, only by being self-righteous can you lead others, and only by being selfless can you move people.

18. Work for a while and live for a lifetime.

19. The drizzle wets the clothes, and a little bit of greed ruins the reputation.

Selected aphorisms on clean government in ancient times (1)

It is common to find competent officials, but the most difficult thing is to be honest. [Jin] Yuan Haowen's "Yuan Yishan Collection"

Note: Capable officials can often be seen, but it is very difficult to be fair and honest.

An honest person is a model of the people; a greedy person is a thief of the people. [Song Dynasty] Bao Zheng's "The Officials Begging for Don't Use Their Stolen Things"

Annotation: Integrity officials are role models for the people; corrupt officials are thieves of the people.

If civil servants do not love money, military ministers will not hesitate to die, and the world will be peaceful. [Song Dynasty] Yue Fei

Note: Civil servants are honest and upright, and military generals fight to the death to serve the country, so that the country can be at peace.

The road in this world is as dangerous as greed, and a few people have come here to make mistakes in their lives. [Song Dynasty] Zhu Xi

Note: There is no more dangerous path in the world than greed, and many people have missed their lives because of it.

Although you cannot let go of your desires, you can restrain your pursuits. [Warring States] "Xunzi? Correcting the Name"

Note: Although human desires cannot be eliminated, the pursuit of desires can be controlled.

Looking at the virtuous countries and families in the past, their success was due to diligence and frugality, and their success was due to extravagance. [Tang Dynasty] Li Shangyin's "Ode to History"

Note: Looking at the experiences and lessons of sages and sages in the past dynasties in governing the country and family, success is due to diligence and frugality, and failure is due to luxury.

Care and hard work can rejuvenate a country, while leisure can lead to death. [Song Dynasty] Ouyang Xiu's "Preface to the Biography of Officials in the History of the Five Dynasties"

Annotation: Worry and hard work can make the country prosperous; blindly coveting comfort and enjoyment can ruin oneself.

Things must first rot, and then insects will grow there; people must first doubt them, and then slander them. [Song Dynasty] Su Shi's "Fan Zeng Lun"

Note: Things must rot by themselves first before moths can emerge. People must first become suspicious before they can listen to slander.

Wealth can make people greedy, sex can make people addicted, fame can make people jealous, and power can make people dependent. Now that the four troubles are gone, are they still in the dust? [Song Dynasty] Shao Yong's "Man's Song"

Annotation: Money makes people greedy, beauty makes people addicted, fame makes people proud, and power makes people tyrannical.

If a young man could avoid the four evils of wealth, sex, fame, and power, would he still be an ordinary person in the world?

Selected aphorisms about clean government in ancient times (2)

It is better to cultivate one’s mind than to have few desires. [Warring States Period] Mencius

Note: The best way to cultivate one's moral character is to reduce all kinds of desires.

When you are poor, you should never forget your skills; when you are rich, you should never forget your ways. [Tang Dynasty] Pi Rixiu's "Preface to Six Proverbs"

Annotation: Although a person cannot achieve his goals, he cannot forget his conduct; when his status is high, he cannot forget the right path.

There are good people at the top, but there must be bad people at the bottom. [Warring States Period] "Mencius? Teng Wen Gong"

Annotation: Whatever the people at the top like, the people at the bottom often imitate it, and often do it even more.

When governing official affairs, one should not seek personal benefits, and in public affairs, one should not seek benefits. [Han] Liu Xiang's "Shuo Yuan? Zhi Gong"

Annotation: When doing things for the public, you cannot consider personal matters, and you cannot talk about selfish interests.

Government is about getting rid of selfishness. If selfishness is not eliminated, justice will perish. [Jin] Fu Xuan

Note: The key to presiding over government affairs is to get rid of selfishness, otherwise there will be no justice.

A gentleman chooses first and pays later, while a villain first acts and then chooses. [Sui] Wang Tong's "Wen Zhongzi? Wei Xiang"

Annotation: When a person with high moral character makes friends, he first makes a choice and then associates; a villain is different. He feels like an old friend at first sight and appears extremely affectionate before going Choose who you need.

If you observe their friendship, you can tell whether they are virtuous or not. [Spring and Autumn] Guan Zhong

Note: You can tell who he is by looking at the friends he keeps.

What a virtuous person and a person of high ideals do to his descendants...is to reward them with words, but not with wealth. [Han] Wang Fu's "Qian Fu Lun? Curb Benefits"

Annotation: Wise people and people with lofty ideals...leave them words of instruction to their descendants, rather than leaving them property.

After cultivating the body, the family will be in order, after the family is in order, the country will be governed, and after the country is governed, the world will be peaceful. [Chinese] "Book of Rites? University"

Annotation: Only by improving one's own moral cultivation can the family be rectified; only by rectifying the family can the country be governed well; only by governing the country well can one Peace the world.

It’s better to be strong and strong than to have a gray-headed heart? Be poor and strong, and never fall into the clouds. [Tang Dynasty] Wang Bo's "Preface to Tengwang Pavilion"

Annotation: As people get older, they should be more ambitious. How can they change their past ideas and plans just because they have gray hair? When the situation is difficult and difficult, we should become stronger and not lose our ambition because of it.

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Integrity motto

1. Integrity and self-discipline, constant alarm

2. Integrity Self-discipline, starts with me

3. Be proud of loving the motherland and be ashamed of harming the motherland

4. Be proud of serving the people and be ashamed of betraying the people

8. Be proud of being honest and trustworthy, and be ashamed of being unjust for profit

9. Be proud of obeying the law and be ashamed of breaking the law

10. Take pride in hard work and be ashamed of arrogance and extravagance

11. Don’t be greedy, don’t be greedy, don’t seek selfish interests, don’t take advantage of others; Regret, die without regret.

12. Being bound by material desires will make life miserable.

Keeping integrity and diligence in mind will make your life fulfilling.

13. Being indifferent to fame and fortune is like having a cup of tea to calm your mind and straighten your body.

Being pragmatic for the people is like accumulating merit that will last forever.

14. Coming out of the mud but not stained, washing the clear ripples without being evil.

15. Strengthen the construction of party style and clean government and build a socialist harmonious society.

16. If you do something special once, you will lose one point of prestige; if you break the rules once, you will leave a stain.

If you seek personal gain once, you will lose a piece of people's hearts.

17. Greed and happiness will never go hand in hand.

18. Being an official is not a problem of lack of respect for position but a lack of respect for morality; being diligent is not a problem of lack of salary but lack of knowledge.

19. The merits and demerits must be tested by history, and integrity and diligence must be judged by the masses.

20. If you indulge in small things, you will lose big things.

21. Seize the present and cherish the future.

22. Be grateful, smile and be ashamed, show sympathy to the people and think about integrity.

23. If your roots are deep and you are not afraid of the wind, then you will be able to walk upright in heaven and earth.

24. Never forget the image of a public servant in every word and deed; always think about the well-being of the people in every move.

25. People-oriented decision-making should be avoided and quick success should be avoided.

Be truthful and pragmatic in your work and have a good reputation.

26. Adhere to integrity and self-discipline and strive to set an advanced example.

27. Integrity is high, and corruption cannot be tolerated.

28. If you cannot effectively restrain yourself, you cannot effectively restrain others.

29. Don’t praise good deeds because they are small, and don’t punish them because evil is small.

30. Be honest and self-disciplined, have a healthy heart, seek truth and be pragmatic, and achieve success in your career.

31. The reputation of an official becomes a civil servant, and his achievements are achieved through steady steps.

32. Examine yourself at all times, and the people's sufferings will never be forgotten; be careful about everything, and keep the officials clean and poor and dream of Chang'an.

33. If you cultivate yourself, your heart will be as pure as a deep spring; if you indulge in lust, you will surely fall into a mire.

34. The most important thing when establishing a party is serving the public and serving the people wholeheartedly, and the most important thing is to govern with integrity for the people.

35. The most important thing in government is integrity, and the most important thing in life is sincerity.

36. Raise the sail of ideals, hold the rudder of clean government, and sail on the road to success.

37. You must have a passion for life and conduct your duties impartially without any selfishness.

38. Giving in to others is arsenic that harms others; criticism and supervision is a good medicine that saves others.

39. Pay attention to trivial details, words and deeds; do big things, be virtuous and diligent in all aspects.

40. Self-control is the most basic and important human ability.

41. Indifferent to fame and fortune, the breeze blows on the sleeves and the body is upright; the right and wrong are clear, and righteousness is born in the chest.

42. Money, beauty and family affection are the touchstone of officialdom and the warning sign of state, law, party discipline and regulation in politics.

43. Ordinary position, noble personality.

44. If one thing is not clear, one will be wrong; if one official is not clear, one will be wrong.

45. Small good deeds accumulate in large quantities, and virtue will benefit the world; small evil deeds can be eliminated early to avoid future troubles.

46. Button the first button wrongly and stop the first temptation all the way.

47. It’s not just about how many people welcome you when you take office;

It also depends on how many people you send off when you leave office.

48. Be clear-headed when doing things and don’t be confused by illusions;

Be magnanimous in your heart and don’t think about false reputations.

49. A self-aware person will not be moved by flattery, and an honest person will not be tempted by temptation.

50. The cool breeze comes from the forest and valley, and the source of integrity comes from self-discipline.

51. Start with system construction and start bit by bit.

52. If party style and party discipline are compromised, mistakes will be made sooner or later.

53. Anti-corruption depends on the size of the matter, while advocating for integrity does not depend on the rank of the person in charge.

54. Always have justice in your heart, and have a book of justice in your hand.

55. Smile away selfishness, and then you can manage public affairs; first make your own opinions clear, and then you can listen to what others say.

56. If you are honest, the days will be like a day and it will be easy to live; if you are greedy, the days will be like a year and it will be difficult.

57. Really keep the "Three Represents" in mind and always maintain integrity.

58. When the country is upright and the people are at ease, the officials will be clean and the people will be at ease.

59. Supervision means caring, and openness means promoting integrity.

60. Strict resistance to all desires, diligence to promote all industries.

61. Fight corruption, draw a blueprint for reform and opening up, advocate clean government, and create great achievements in the construction of the four modernizations.

62. Integrity is the way to serve as an official, and honesty and trustworthiness are the foundation of life.

63. Happy to compose new songs, full of righteousness.

64. Integrity is the basis for governing, and diligence is the first priority for officials.

65. Those who govern the country according to the law have a balance in their hearts, and the song of integrity is always chanted in their hearts.

66. Worry about the world’s worries first, and rejoice after the world’s happiness.

67. Live an upright life and be honest and upright as an official.

68. Anti-corruption should start with ourselves, and promoting integrity should start from small things.

69. Personality determines life, and party style and discipline lay the foundation for the party’s destiny.

70. If people want to live an easy life, they must give more and take less.

71. Honesty breeds wisdom, honesty breeds prestige, and selfless and fearless pursuit of the future.

72. Mass supervision is the most powerful weapon against corruption.

73. A place without supervision is a breeding ground for corruption.

74. The prosperity of a country depends on government; the success of government depends on people.

75. Promoting integrity focuses on fighting corruption; fighting corruption focuses on treating the root cause.

76. Stay calm to cultivate your character, and be frugal to cultivate your virtue.

77. To grasp today is to cherish tomorrow.

To grasp yourself is to cherish your family.

To grasp your words and deeds is to cherish your position.

78. The glory in front of you is like floating clouds, and the reputation behind you is worth a lot of money.

79. Ideals and beliefs are the fundamental guarantee for leading cadres to resist corruption and prevent degeneration.

80. Serve the people diligently, perform duties conscientiously, and work conscientiously.

81. Put the people first, connect with the people, and serve the people.

82. Be a public servant, be a public servant, be honest and honest, and observe the people's sentiments, understand their concerns, satisfy their concerns, and serve the people diligently.

83. If you have a heart for the people, you can resist corruption, but if you have a heart for yourself, it will be difficult for you to be honest.

84. An honest person will not take away flowers for small gains, and an official will not take advantage of others for personal gain.

85. A drop of water will often penetrate the stone, and small desires will often overflow and kill oneself.

86. To curb corruption, the focus is on prevention.

87. There are thousands of mansions, but only seven feet when you lie down. Ten thousand taels of gold, three meals a day are enough.

88. Always be self-disciplined, have strict requirements, and keep forging ahead;

Always have a generous heart, a broad vision, and a broad mind.

89. The success and failure of a day depends on the dusk, and the success and failure of a life depends on the evening.

90. Self-discipline is like walking a tightrope, you must be careful every step.

91. We must promote righteousness in the world and not give the common people a bad reputation.

92. He is a man of integrity and carries himself with a breeze.

93. A safe body is not as good as a safe mind, and a wide house is not as good as a wide heart.

94. A thousand-mile embankment collapses in an ant nest; a promising future is ruined by a single thought.

95. Greed is like fire, if it does not retreat, it will start a prairie fire; Desire is like water, if it is not contained, it can reach the sky.

96. Power is a double-edged sword, honor and disgrace can happen in a flash.

97. Don’t act only on small things to benefit the big ones, don’t act only on selfish interests and harm the public;

98. From being honest to being greedy, you will regret your mistakes too late.

99. The lotus is respected because of its purity, and people are upright because of their integrity.

100. With honest government, you will have no regrets in your life.

101. When you are a person, you must be upright, and when you are an official, you have a clean breeze;

Think twice when doing things, and your family will be safe all year round.

102. As an official, be diligent and honest, and benefit the people.

103. A single thought of integrity and corruption can lead to two worlds of honor and disgrace.

104. The system is the firewall of corruption, and supervision is the fire extinguisher of corruption.

105. Integrity is the sunshine road, corruption is the single-plank bridge.

106. It is rich to be unyielding to fame, and it is noble to be unyielding to fame.

107. The people are wise and the legal net is boundless.

108. Greed is the source of corruption, and self-discipline is the dam that curbs desire.

109. When a person gets into the eyes of money, he becomes a prisoner; when a prisoner gets out of the eyes of money, he becomes a human being.

110. Whoever respects himself will be respected; whoever indulges will be hurt.

111. The word "greed" is almost like "poverty", and the word "greed" is almost like "burn".

112. There is a thin line between black and white, and a single thought separates corruption and corruption.

113. When drinking water, think of the source, and when serving as an official, you must be honest.

114. Happiness comes from purity, and trouble comes from greed.

115. Anti-corruption should not be based on the size of the matter, and promoting integrity should not be based on high or low position.

116. The lotus is respected because of its purity, and the official is upright because of his integrity.

117. People’s hearts are like a scale to measure who is less important and who is more important, and public opinion is like a mirror showing who is corrupt and who is honest.

118. Act impartially on both big and small matters, and be honest in all matters.

119. Once your eyes are fixed on money, your soul will lose its light.

120. Poetry is good when it can be translated into painting. It is pure when an official is able to be poor.

121. Fan Gong is typical of people who enjoy themselves later but worry first.

122. A noble spirit is the soul that creates great causes.

123. The rope is broken at a thin point, and disaster arises from greed.

124. If you are as clear as an autumn chrysanthemum, why not be thin? If you are as honest as a plum blossom, you will not be afraid of the cold.

125. If a person has no selfish desires, he will naturally be strong; if a person has no evil thoughts, he will naturally be just.

126. Integrity is like climbing a mountain, the higher you go, the more refreshed you feel;

Greed is like digging a well, the lower you go, the deeper it becomes and it is difficult to pull out.

127. Warning and education must be constantly pursued, and everyone has the responsibility to supervise the integrity of the government.

128. Integrity is the root of blessing, and self-discipline is the bud of blessing.

129. The drizzle wets the clothes, and a little bit of greed ruins the reputation.

130. If you are greedy, you will often violate the rules. If you give up selfish desires, you will be magnanimous.

131. Let integrity be engraved in life and innocence be left to history.

132. I would rather have fewer trophies than have a bad reputation.

133. Money and color are two sharp swords, and integrity is a pair of shields.

134. If you cannot resist the temptation of today, you will lose the happiness of tomorrow.

135. Only those who are honest in officialdom and fair in affairs.

136. Pines, bamboos and plums are the three friends of the cold year; justice and integrity are the three treasures of official virtue.

137. Losing supervision of power is a disaster, and losing control of selfish desires is a disaster.

138. Always cultivate the virtues of politics and always have self-discipline.

139. Always think about the harm of greed, and always be careful about inappropriate thoughts.

140. A wise man uses the painful lessons of others to warn himself;

A fool uses his own heavy price to awaken others.

141. If a boat is sailing improperly, the wind and waves will destroy it; if an official is dishonest, the people will abandon it.

142. If a person sees the benefits but does not see the harm, he will be greedy; if the fish sees food but does not see the hook, he will perish.

143. A small piece of paper can stain an innocent person; a huge sum of money can hardly win over a just person.

144. Remuneration, whether high or low, is the result of the blood and sweat of the people. Even those with low status and high status are public servants of the people.

145. If you are not corrupt in government, you will have a blue sky above your head; if you are not honest in government, your sword will hang high.

146. As a public servant, you should always self-reflect on the "three things".

As an official, you must strictly control the "three things" every day.

147. When serving as an official, avoid being unclear; when holding power, avoid being honest; when handling affairs, avoid being unfair; and when acting as a person, avoid being frugal.

148. Use power to make friends. If the power is exhausted, love will be broken. Make friends with benefits. If the benefits are exhausted, the people will be separated.

149. Being honest and honest in politics will bring good moral character to future generations.

If you make a mistake if you are greedy for money, you will be ashamed of this life.

150. The national economy has been carefully planned, and the family wealth is not planned for future generations.

151. Looking at the virtuous countries and families in the past, success was due to diligence and frugality, and failure was due to extravagance.

152. Public morality is great, and integrity is high.

153. Planting more lotus ponds will lead to cleanliness, and diligent anti-corruption policies will lead to clarity.

154. Never forget the image of a public servant in every word and deed, and always think about the well-being of the people in every move.

155. The key to combating corruption and promoting integrity is to address both the symptoms and root causes, and to be honest and self-disciplined.

156. Promote integrity and cultivate a noble spirit.

157. It is better to be poor and happy than to be rich and worry.

158. Be an upright person and be an official with integrity.

159. Honesty is the basis of life and conduct in society, and integrity should be the first priority for those who engage in politics.

160. Corruption is a precursor to disaster, while diligence is the source of happiness.

161. You are always content with a small salary, and you are proud of your humble position.

162. Don’t complain about being clean and honest, but worry about being greedy and crying behind bars.

163. I would rather walk a hundred steps away than leave a single thought of greed.

164. Being rich without giving in to fame and fortune is called noble.

165. If you are honest, the people will love you, and the monument will stand on its own; if you are greedy, the people will abandon you, and you will dig your own grave.

166. Frugality fosters virtue, and integrity builds one’s integrity.

167. The reputation of a gold cup and a silver cup is not as good as that of the common people; the gold and silver awards are not as good as the praise of the common people.

168. Be upright as a person and spotless as an official.

169. Don’t be honest because the official is small, and don’t be diligent because the work is small.

170. A body full of righteousness and a breeze on both sleeves.

171. Integrity is the most precious thing. Live an upright and upright life. Integrity is your capital and you will be able to enjoy it for a hundred generations.

172. Self-respect, self-reflection, self-policing, and self-motivation. Be cautious of power, be cautious of desire, be cautious of insignificance, and be cautious of independence.

173. To be indifferent is to clarify one’s ambitions, and to be honest is to uphold one’s integrity.

174. Fame and integrity are more important than Mount Tai, while profit and desire are as light as a feather.

155. Fame, position, wealth and wealth are all external things; character and career are the foundation of one's life.

176. Be honest and serve the public affairs without seeking personal gain, and enforce the law impartially without showing favoritism.

177. The alarm bell always sounds to build a line of defense to prevent the slightest change and protect the festival.

178. Be honest and self-disciplined, and serve the people diligently.

179. Complying with the law and disciplines starts with me.

180. The party implements clean government and the people benefit from it.

181. It is common to find competent officials, but the most difficult thing is to be honest.

182. Happiness comes from purity, and trouble comes from greed.

183. Serve your family and country with integrity, and do not shame your children and grandchildren because of corruption.

184. Don’t be an official hamster, rather be a Ruzi ox.

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Don’t be a mediocre official, be a diligent official.

Integrity and integrity are honed

A magnificent life is achieved through hard work

In every move, I always think about the welfare of the people;

In every word and deed, Don’t forget the image of a public servant.

Province in the morning, reflect in the evening, and reflect on yourself day and night;

Incorruptible at the top, honest at the bottom, honest at the top and down.

Thousands of things, The first rule of being an official is to be honest and honest;

Things are ever-changing, but your heart cannot change with the people.

Being an official is a warning to be unclear about being in power and being incorruptible

Being honest when doing things Be unfair and not be frugal

Be aware of current affairs and be honest in government affairs

Understand human feelings and not be partial to personal interests

Do not forget the people when you are in power and do not forget clean government

Don’t forget fairness when doing things, and don’t forget self-respect as a person

Be honest and keep pace with the times

Carry on the past and open up the future with integrity

Be upright and upright

Be an official with a clean breeze

Abide by laws and regulations, be upright and upright

Be honest and self-disciplined, be honest and clean as an official

Create a harmonious society

Greatly promote the trend of honesty and integrity

Those who hold high positions should respect themselves

Those who are powerful must reflect on themselves

Whether they are paid or not, they are all the blood and sweat of the people

Those who are humble and respected are all public servants of the people.

Be willing to be indifferent to stay poor, and you should reflect on yourself;

If you plan good deeds to benefit all living beings, you should encourage yourself

Integrity is like sunshine and rain

Benefit Ze Wanjia

Corruption is as cold as snow and ice

Cold to the hearts of the people

What does clean government mean?

It’s very simple, it means to be honest in politics and to govern with integrity.

If you want to be clear, it is an article that you want to punish, so I will give you one.

On the Integrity Implications of the Transformation of Government Functions

Corruption in society is certainly related to the thoughts, morals and styles of certain government officials. However, if corruption persists and becomes more severe, this is highly related to the system. “A good system can prevent bad people from running amok, and a bad system can prevent good people from fully doing good deeds, and may even lead to the opposite” ("Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping", page 293). In fact, current corruption is mainly institutional corruption. The main source of corruption is institutional defects, that is, institutional defects in the transition period of market economy. Therefore, only by scientifically exploring the deep-seated problems of corruption, analyzing its practical basis and social roots, and fully understanding the long-term, arduous and complex nature of the anti-corruption struggle, and thus adopting corresponding institutionalized countermeasures, can we achieve effective results. .

1. The lag in the transformation of government functions is the institutional reason for the proliferation of corruption

In the past 20 years of reform and opening up, the functional model of our country’s government has undergone great changes. The government’s role in managing the economy has The approach is changing towards macro-control. In particular, the elimination of the "dual-track price system" has provided important conditions for reducing and eliminating corruption phenomena such as "official corruption" and "rent-seeking". However, overall, there are still many aspects of my country's administrative system that are incompatible with social and economic development. Due to the lag in the transformation of government functions, excessive or improper government intervention in the market not only restricts the deepening of economic reforms and affects the construction of democratic politics, but also becomes an institutional cause of widespread corruption. The rent-seeking theory in Western economics has made a very profound analysis of the intrinsic link between government intervention functions and corruption.

A more common and advanced method of rent-seeking in modern society is to use administrative and legal means to safeguard vested economic interests or redistribute vested interests. Rent-seeking activities build a bridge between those who hold political power and those who own wealth. One party uses political power in exchange for money, and the other party uses money in exchange for political power to seek greater private interests. This is the economic man's pursuit of profit maximization. Behavioral manifestations of alienation. In the process of rent-seeking activities, government officials not only play a passive and exploited role, but often actively engage in "political rent creation" and "rent extraction."

Political rent creation refers to government officials using administrative intervention methods to increase the profits of private enterprises, artificially creating rent, and inducing private enterprises to pay tribute to them as a condition for obtaining such rent; rent extraction refers to government officials deliberately proposing something that will cause Policies that harm the interests of private companies serve as threats, forcing private companies to give up part of their vested interests and share them with government officials.

Rent-seeking activities are closely related to excessive government intervention in the market. Without excessive government intervention, and without the special monopoly position this intervention provides, rents cannot be sought. Appropriate government intervention can create fair competition conditions for the market economy, prevent certain groups from forming monopolies, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the market economy. However, when government intervention causes market distortion, undermines fair competition in the market, and only provides preferential treatment to certain interest groups, such intervention is excessive. From a logical point of view, excessive government intervention causes market distortion, and market distortion generates economic rent. The existence of rent will inevitably lead to rent-seeking activities, and corruption will result from this. The greater the degree of excessive government intervention, the more significant the market distortion will be, the higher the economic rent will be, and the more rent-seeking activities will become a vicious circle. In the process of my country's transformation to a market economy, the transformation of government functions has seriously lagged behind, the reform of the modernization of the government system has not been completed, and there are still many misunderstandings about excessive intervention in the economy. These excessive interventions provide legitimacy for rent-seeking activities, and many rent-seekers can easily find the basis for legal rent-seeking in government policies and institutional regulations. This is the real economic basis for corruption in today's Chinese society, and it is also the institutional reason for the worsening of corruption.

2. The main manifestations and harms of current systemic corruption

(1) "Money comes from running departments" - due to the lagging functional transformation, governments at all levels and their functional departments Still direct intervention in all aspects of microeconomic activities. At present, the economic functional departments of governments at all levels still control many important production factors and scarce resources. Many economic systems such as investment and financing still require administrative approval, and the degree of marketization is insufficient. The role of the market in economic operation and resource allocation has been restricted. A big restriction. According to relevant scholars' analysis of the marketization degree of my country's labor force, capital, production, price, etc., and taking into account the direct intervention of the government in economic activities, the overall marketization degree of our country's economy will not exceed 35%. In this way, government departments and their staff who can allocate production factors and intervene in microeconomic activities have become the targets of some interest entities.

(2) "Combining government and business" - Some party and government agencies operate commercial enterprises and use political power and self-made preferential policies to intervene in the market, destroying the principle of market competition and worsening the business environment. First, some party and government agencies use the name of conversion mechanism to set up "fake companies" and rely on administrative powers to impose rigid allocations and sales. Second, some children and spouses of leading cadres set up companies, use their power and relationships to carry out business activities, buy and sell, and even gather strength to monopolize the market. Third, some party and government cadres who have "went overseas" rely on their original relationships to "offer their official positions." Fourth, under the guise of strengthening enterprises, some government officials take up actual or honorary positions in enterprises, allowing administrative power to directly enter the economic field. Fifth, some collectives, individuals and private enterprises find ways to affiliate themselves with party and government agencies, using the power and name of party and government departments as a protective umbrella. Sixth, some personnel in monopoly industries such as postal and telecommunications, railways, electric power, public utilities and other units take advantage of industry privileges to take advantage of the industry and engage in unhealthy trends in the industry.

(3) "Economic privileges" - This refers to economic franchises that violate the principle of fair competition and cannot be restricted by law. It hinders the free flow of production factors between different industries and sectors to obtain vested interests. The first is industry operation restrictions, which only allow a few companies to monopolize certain industries, and do not allow other companies to freely enter and participate in competition, obtain monopoly profits, and form special interest groups. The second is to control import quotas and import approval documents and implement foreign trade monopoly, so that officials and businessmen can benefit. The third is the government's preferential policies for certain regions and groups. As we all know, preferential policies are not empty words, but have high gold content, which is equivalent to providing a monopoly for a certain place or industry.

(5) Leading to the loss of the basis of government legitimacy. Corruption is the gravedigger of government. The history of human political life shows that no matter what kind of society or what kind of government, as long as corruption is allowed to spread, the government will lose its legitimacy and eventually lead to the collapse of the government. In China, it is most likely that in the future