write a dispatch to one's superiors asking for instructions

Asking for instructions and reporting are two common official documents in our work, which are easily confused in practical work. Reporting and asking for instructions are all upper-level languages, which can reflect the situation and make suggestions. They all have fixed program formats and special terms, and also have the characteristics of clear, accurate, concise and solemn official document language. But there is a clear difference between asking for instructions and reporting. First, the content requirements are different.

First, the content requirements are different. The content of the request requires "one article, one thing" and "one thing, one request"; The content of the report can be "one article and one thing" or "one article and several things".

Second, the emphasis is different. Asking for instructions belongs to the official documents of asking for instructions and enterprise reorganization, focusing on asking questions and requesting instructions and approval; A report is a declarative document, focusing on reporting work and stating opinions or suggestions. Asking for instructions is highly targeted. Write clearly the reasons and methods when writing, and the report can be long or short. You can report your work clearly, reflect the situation and answer questions properly. ?

? Third, the purpose of writing is different. The purpose of asking for instructions is to ask the higher authorities to approve a job or solve a problem, and to ask the higher authorities to give a reply so as to instruct or approve the official behavior of the lower authorities; A report is a report to a superior. The purpose is to let the superior know the situation and facilitate timely guidance. It doesn't necessarily need a reply.

? Fourth, the writing time is different. Instructions must be written in advance, and the contents of the instructions are unresolved, so you can't "act first"; Reports can be written afterwards or during the development of things. In short, the request focuses on what will happen, and the report focuses on what has happened or is happening.

Fifth, the submission requirements are different. For instructions, generally only one main sending organ is written, and the units under the dual leadership ask for instructions from their higher authorities. According to the instructions, the main sending organ and the cc organ are indicated, and the main sending organ is responsible for replying to the instructions; The report can be submitted to one or more higher authorities.

? Sixth, the processing results are different. Asking for instructions belongs to "doing things", which means that the higher authorities should reply to the official documents asking for instructions in time; The report belongs to "reading approval", and the higher authorities will reply to the report documents as appropriate, but they will not reply one by one.

A written request generally consists of five parts: the title, the sending organ, the text, the issuing organ and the date. Titles generally have two forms: one is composed of the name, reason and language of the issuing authority, such as "the request of XX Municipal People's Government on XX"; The other is composed of reasons and language, such as "request for instructions on carrying out XXX work" The main sending organ refers to the organ responsible for accepting and replying to official documents. Each request can only be written in one main delivery organ, not in multiple requests. ?

The body of the request consists of the beginning, the body and the conclusion. At the beginning, it mainly explained the reasons for asking for instructions. This is the premise of the establishment of the request and the basis for the approval of the higher authorities. The reasons are objective, specific, reasonable and sufficient, which is convenient for the superior to make timely decisions and give targeted answers. The main part mainly explains the request, which is also the purpose of stating the reasons. This part of the content should be single, and only one thing is required. Ask for instructions to write specific, clear and clear, so that the superior can give a clear answer. The conclusion should start from a new paragraph. Idioms generally include "If so, please reply", "If not, please give instructions" and "If so, please approve". Signature generally includes two items: signature and writing time. ?

When issuing instructions, we should pay attention to several issues:

First, we can't go beyond asking for instructions, and we can't ask for instructions from many parties. You can only write one main delivery organ, and you must "write one article and one thing". Follow the principle of "who is in charge, who asks for instructions", which higher authority to ask for instructions and send them to other leading organs shall be copied.

Second, if it is necessary to ask for instructions from the higher authorities in the name of the lower authorities, it shall put forward tendentious opinions and report them, and shall not forward the original text to the higher authorities.

Third, ask for instructions to make the materials true, don't fabricate the situation for the approval of the superior leader, and don't unilaterally ask questions about the situation because there is no serious investigation.

Fourth, the starting point of asking for reasons should be accurate, and the reasons should be well written and thorough, not too brief, such as general "because of work needs"; Ask for instructions in order of priority, according to the size of the higher authorities, not too much, regardless of primary and secondary, urgent and slow.

Fifth, the tone of asking for instructions should be sincere and practical, not blunt and not humble. Persuading people by reasoning requires thinking and writing from the perspective of leaders, hoping to attract the attention of superiors.

This report has several remarkable features.

? The first is the reportability of the content. A report is a report made by a subordinate to a higher authority or competent business department, so that the higher authority or competent business department can grasp the basic situation and give timely work guidance. Therefore, reportability is a major feature of "reporting".

? The second is the declarative nature of language. Because the report is reportable, it tells what work has been done according to the instructions of superiors, or how the work has been done, what achievements have been made, what circumstances, experiences, experiences, problems, plans for the future, opinions and suggestions for leaders, etc. Therefore, the narrative method is generally used in writing, that is, the time, place, people, events, reasons and results are described clearly in order to tell the superiors.

? The third is one-way writing. The report is written by the lower authorities to the higher authorities, which provides the basis for the macro leadership of the higher authorities. Generally, it does not need the approval of the authoritative department, and it belongs to one-way writing.

Reports are generally divided into five categories.

? 1. Routine report. Such as daily newspaper, weekly newspaper, ten-day newspaper, monthly newspaper, quarterly newspaper and annual report. Routine reporting should not become "routine work", but should reflect new situations, new problems and new features, and write new ideas as the work progresses. ?

2. Work report. All reports used to report work to superiors or competent departments belong to this category. Work reports can be divided into special reports and comprehensive reports. The coverage of special reports is narrow, covering only a certain work or a specific work, such as the State Council's report on the protection of overseas Chinese rights and interests. This kind of report should be quick, timely and report one by one. The comprehensive report covers a wide range and needs to cover all aspects within the scope of work. Can be divided into primary and secondary, but can not be neglected. It can be combined with summing up work and planning, and it should be analytical, comprehensive and focused. From the State Council's government work report to the National People's Congress to the regular work report provided by the unit to the superior, all belong to this type. ?

3. Situation report. It is a report that reflects some temporary situations and accidents to superiors. Under normal circumstances, new situations and problems in normal work and operation, especially the handling of emergencies, special circumstances, accidents and individual problems, need to be reported to the superior, such as the State Council's report on post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction in Wenchuan. Seeking truth from facts, accurate facts, well-founded analysis and appropriate details are the keys to writing a good situation report. Good news, bad news, not exaggerating the facts, not concealing the truth, being straightforward and having substance in words are the soul of writing special reports.

? 4. Submit a report. This is a report used by lower authorities when submitting documents or objects to higher authorities. This kind of report is usually short, and the really meaningful content is in the annex it submits.

? 5. Responses to the report. That is, the report that answers the inquiry from the superior. This kind of report is the most targeted. You can answer whatever your superiors ask, but you can't answer irrelevant questions. You must be careful about the inquiry of the higher authorities, and make an in-depth investigation and study before giving a reply.

The basic framework of the report includes the title, the main sending organ and the text. Titles generally have two forms. First, the name, cause and language of the issuing authority, such as the Supreme People's Procuratorate's "Report on the Anti-Corruption and Bribery Work of Procuratorial Organs"; Second, it is composed of reasons and language, such as "reply report of netizen's message supervision notice" There is also a special one, such as the government work report. Generally speaking, unless the case is handled flexibly, the title of the report should be determined according to standard practice first.