General knowledge of children's dental age health care

1. What are the common knowledge of children's dental care?

1, Choosing the Right Toothbrush Parents should use very soft children's toothbrushes to clean them from the moment their children grow their first teeth. At this time, only water is used instead of toothpaste.

When children go to kindergarten, it is best to bring their own toothbrush to kindergarten, so that they can brush their teeth after meals every day. 2. Regular check-up for children without dental diseases is an active period for the occurrence and development of dental caries, so children are required to check their teeth every six months.

Children go to the dentist not only to prevent dental caries, but also to let doctors see the growth and occlusion of teeth. If there is any abnormality, it can be found and treated as soon as possible. At this time, dentists can also provide knowledge about oral health care, so that parents can better understand their children's dental conditions. 3. Distinguish deciduous teeth from permanent teeth.

There are only two teeth in a person's life, primary teeth and permanent teeth. Before the age of 6, the child had only deciduous teeth and no permanent teeth.

Generally, deciduous teeth erupt from half a year old and end at two to three years old, with a total of 20 deciduous teeth.

2. Tips for tooth protection

Teeth can be said to be one of the most important companions in life. From babbling to infinite dusk, teeth always accompany us through the long years of frustration or pride.

Gluttony, bittersweet, cold and hot ... we are wasting our youth and hurting our teeth until we get old. With the pain of toothache and the helplessness in the face of food, we know how important teeth are to health and pleasure in life. "Tooth disease-free" does not mean oral health. In fact, from a deeper level, oral health is not only as simple as "teeth free" and normal function (chewing, swallowing and language), but also includes psychological (normal appearance, no influence on self-esteem and personal satisfaction) and social (no influence on social communication) significance.

For all sentient beings, life means not only "living", but also living well, that is, the quality of life. Oral health enables people to fully chew, enjoy delicious food and get adequate nutrition; Oral health makes people articulate, express their wishes and communicate freely with others; Oral health makes people enhance their self-confidence and fully display themselves on the social stage; Oral health can also avoid and reduce the occurrence of "focus infection" and diseases such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, stomach trouble and low birth weight.

Therefore, oral health makes people live healthier, happier and live longer. It is the common goal of modern people and the important task of oral health care workers to recommend "four good habits of dental care" to maintain oral health, improve overall health and improve quality of life.

Oral health is an important part of overall health. Recommendation: simple and effective "four good habits of tooth protection", namely: "brush your teeth with fluoride toothpaste in the morning and evening" to clean your teeth; "Regular oral examination" to know oral problems in time and do a good job of prevention; By "eating less desserts and sugary drinks" to balance the pH of the mouth and prevent tooth decay; Finally, you can use "chewing sugar-free gum after meals" to secrete saliva, thus buffering the ph value of dental plaque and achieving the purpose of preventing decay and strengthening teeth.

These four good habits of tooth protection can be described as the simplest way to protect teeth, so that you can easily achieve good tooth protection effect and fully feel a higher quality of life.

3. Tips for protecting teeth

If you want to protect your teeth, you must first understand the structure of your teeth.

Teeth are the hardest organs in the human body. It has the functions of biting, tearing, grinding food and assisting pronunciation.

There are two pairs of teeth in a person's life: one pair is deciduous teeth, the upper and lower jaws have 20 teeth, and 10 teeth. It began to erupt about half a year after birth and came out about two and a half years old. From 7 years old to 12, deciduous teeth fall off one after another. The other pair is permanent teeth, with 32 teeth in the upper jaw and 65,438+06 teeth in the lower jaw. The deciduous teeth gradually change from the age of 6, and all the permanent teeth erupt around the age of 12 except the third molar.

The third molar usually erupts after the age of 20, also called wisdom tooth. Wisdom teeth will never come out, so 28~32 permanent teeth are normal.

Teeth are divided into three parts: crown, neck and root. The crown is the part we can see, and it is the part where the teeth are exposed outside the gums.

The surface of the crown is covered with a layer of enamel, which is the hardest tissue in the human body, and its hardness is similar to that of the time. The root is embedded in the alveolar process of the upper and lower jaws.

The root surface is covered with a layer of cementum. The neck of the tooth is a slightly thinner part between the crown and the root of the tooth, which wraps the gum.

Teeth are mainly composed of dentin, and the internal cavity is called tooth cavity. The cavity of movable teeth is filled with connective tissue, nerves and blood vessels, which are collectively called dental pulp.

Blood vessels and nerves enter and exit from the apical foramen of teeth. When suffering from dental caries, bacteria corrode enamel and dentin and enter the pulp cavity, which is unbearable.

(See Figure 37) Students should do the following to protect their teeth: 1. Develop a good habit of brushing your teeth. Rinse your mouth with warm water after meals and brush your teeth once in the morning and evening.

Don't brush your teeth too often, it will damage your teeth, and don't brush your teeth for too long. Brush cheese? [ 14]? Returning to Mujiao M: Nuclear Spoon Rebellion Pan Ⅲ? ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ ⑼ 2. Pay attention to oral hygiene and protect your teeth.

Eat less candy at ordinary times. Especially don't eat sugar before going to bed to prevent dental caries.

In addition, we should pay attention to the usual hygiene habits, do not bite fingers, do not bite pencils and other foreign bodies, and do not lick your teeth with your tongue. 3. If your teeth are sick, you should seek medical advice in time.

If there are cavities, they should be repaired or pulled out. It is not difficult to achieve the above points, the key is perseverance.

May all students have healthy and beautiful teeth. Good oral health care is not the only way to have healthy and beautiful teeth.

Eating habits also play an important role. Here are some suggestions to help you have a beautiful smile! Your teeth: the main symbol of health and beauty. Teeth enable us to enjoy all kinds of food! Healthy teeth can make us chew hard food, meat, raw food and fruit without scruple ... Good chewing can strengthen the strength of gums and promote saliva secretion. They participate in the digestive process and play a bactericidal role in teeth.

In addition to genetic factors, the color and hardness of our teeth also depend on dental care and eating habits. Keep your teeth healthy: a balanced diet! A balanced diet and proper dietary distribution throughout the day (in order to avoid snacks, four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks) are very beneficial to strong teeth.

In fact, it helps our teeth to better resist * * *: enamel erosion, dental caries ... Fresh food, such as carrots, carrots or apples, rubs on the surface of teeth when chewing, which actually plays a role in cleaning teeth. In addition, lipids, some protein (casein of cheese), minerals (phosphorus, calcium, fluorine ...) and vitamin D have antibacterial effects, which limit the discharge of inorganic salts in enamel.

On the contrary, snacks, especially those "soft" foods, carbohydrate foods (candy or sweet drinks, bread, cakes, etc. ) or acidic foods (soda, fruit, juice) usually increase the risk of dental caries. Sugar can be converted into acid, which may destroy the enamel on the tooth surface.

If possible, clean your teeth carefully after every meal. If you don't have the conditions, you can also rinse your mouth seriously or chew a piece of sugar-free gum.

In fact, any increase in saliva flow will reduce the risk of dental caries. It should be pointed out that excessive drinking of coffee, tea and smoking may make teeth yellow.

Four dairy products make teeth stronger. They are the best sources of calcium and phosphorus we need, and the main minerals of tooth enamel and root supporting bone. Mineralization of deciduous teeth began in the fourth month of pregnancy, and mineralization of stone teeth began in the first year of birth.

After the teeth are formed, the enamel is renewed and maintained. We should drink milk, and it is better not to drink sweet drinks.

Dairy products (yogurt, etc. ) Also bring calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D, which will increase the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. Finally, the main protein casein in milk can limit the excessive discharge of inorganic salts in enamel.

People in the past did a good job: they usually ate cheese after dessert and reduced the acid secreted by carbohydrates with the help of casein and lipids in milk. Drink more mineral water, which is a natural source of fluorine. Natural mineral water meets the human body's demand for fluorine.

Fluorine can increase the enamel of teeth, strengthen teeth and protect teeth from microbial erosion. Most mineral water contains 0.3 mg of fluorine per liter, but some are as high as 8 mg per liter.

We can also see fluoride on the dining table. For pregnant women and children, there are also tablets made of fluorine (0.5 mg to 1 mg according to age).

Tea, sea fish and some vegetables (spinach, carrots, etc.) also contain fluorine. However, excessive intake of fluoride (more than 2 mg per day) may make teeth black.

Take advantage of chocolate and sugar-free chewing gum. In fact, cocoa contains tannic acid, fluorine and calcium phosphate. All three substances are involved in protecting teeth.

In "sugar-free" chewing gum, sucrose is replaced by sweet polyol, but it will not cause dental caries: xylitol plays a bactericidal role, which is beneficial to reducing dental plaque, and sorbitol (sugar synthesized from glucose or fructose, used as artificial sweet flavoring agent). So a 2.2g sugar-coated chewing gum has only 3.8 calories.

4. How to care for children's teeth during tooth changing?

The child is going to change his teeth. The old man said that if he wants to have neat teeth, he has to throw the loose upper teeth on the roof and the lower teeth on the ground.

This statement is certainly unscientific, but it reflects people's attention to children's tooth changing period. So, what is the right way? Ren Fei, Deputy Chief Physician of Children's Dentistry in Guangdong Stomatological Hospital, gave a detailed answer.

Q: Before changing deciduous teeth, the child had dental caries. Can it be ignored? Parents often fall into the misunderstanding that deciduous teeth need to be replaced anyway, so even if their children's deciduous teeth have cavities, they won't care. This idea is extremely wrong.

Ren Fei, deputy chief physician of children's dentistry in Guangdong Stomatological Hospital, said that from the age of 6, the deciduous teeth began to fall off and the first permanent teeth erupted, and by the early age of 12 and 13, 24 permanent teeth were basically replaced, and deciduous teeth needed to stay in the mouth for several years or even ten years. If there is dental caries left untreated, it is likely to lead to the root sticking to the bone, that is, the deciduous teeth will stay and the permanent teeth will not come out; If the teeth decay for a long time, and the teeth are missing for a long time, the gap between adjacent teeth will also become smaller, and then "buckteeth" will appear, and it is also very problematic whether permanent teeth will erupt; If it is really impossible to save the teeth, then "gap maintenance" must be carried out at the same time as tooth extraction, waiting for the permanent teeth to erupt.

"7-9 years old is the age group with high incidence of dental caries in deciduous teeth. 60% of dental caries occur in the posterior teeth. Parents can't see it. Even if the child feels uncomfortable, he may not say anything, but he doesn't need to chew with his teeth, and his appetite may be poor. If you don't intervene early, it will not only affect the eruption of permanent teeth, but also cause inconsistent faces on both sides, disordered occlusion and unclear pronunciation. " Q: When changing teeth, children always like to lick their teeth. I think it is uncomfortable. Is there any way to alleviate it? Ren Fei said that in the process of new teeth "drilling out of the gums", children will inevitably have slight discomfort, such as drooling, biting, poor appetite, and some children will be agitated or even have a low fever, all because of the pain or numbness when teething.

This is normal performance, don't worry too much. "For children who have long deciduous teeth and love to bite fingers and toys, it is best to give him a sterilized gutta percha stick.

The deciduous teeth are replaced by permanent teeth, and the child is older and more tolerant. Even if you always like to lick your teeth or touch them with your hands, as long as you distract them, keep your mouth clean and disinfect tableware and toys, discomfort can usually be alleviated with the eruption of teeth.

But there are two situations to see a doctor: first, the deciduous teeth are loose but can't fall off, and the pain affects chewing and must be extracted; Second, the deciduous teeth are only slightly loose, but the permanent teeth have partially erupted, and the deciduous teeth should also be pulled out. Q: Many children's teeth grow irregularly after changing their teeth, and some are too sparse. Is there any way to prevent it? Ren Fei said that the arrangement of children's teeth after tooth replacement is unreasonable, because most of the new permanent teeth are larger than the deciduous teeth in the same position. At this time, the child's jaw development can't keep up, resulting in insufficient bone position for tooth growth, which leads to temporary crowding of teeth.

"This problem is more common among children aged 7-9. Generally, the teeth are slightly twisted or staggered. As the child grows up and the jaw develops, most teeth will adjust themselves. " As for the large gap between the upper incisors after tooth replacement, it is also a temporary physiological phenomenon, which we call "ugly duckling period" and generally improves with age.

However, everything is not absolute, and you should consult your doctor for details. Ren Fei emphasized that children in the period of tooth replacement have strong plasticity of teeth, and some bad habits are likely to cause tooth dysplasia.

If you often bite your finger and your pen, you will easily show your teeth. If you like to bite your lips, it will cause mandibular deformity (such as "God never shuts one door but he opens another" and "God never shuts one door but he opens another"). If you often open your mouth to breathe, it is easy to form a "bird mouth" with closed upper and lower teeth. In this regard, parents should pay more attention to help or ask doctors to correct these bad habits in time.

Tip: Check regularly and brush your teeth well. Parents should develop the good habit of taking their children for regular dental checkups from the time the baby grows his first tooth. It is not uncommon for children to begin to rot their teeth as soon as they are one or two years old, let alone older children.

Moreover, it is very important before and after tooth replacement, so children in the tooth replacement period should have an oral examination every six months, so that doctors can take the method of pit and fissure sealing to prevent dental caries. Dental caries should be filled in time or treated with root canal.

In addition, parents should help their children brush their teeth well. Brush your teeth twice every morning and evening. After the children finish brushing themselves, parents can help them brush it carefully again.

Children over 6 years old should use health toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. "But pay attention to the choice of toothbrush, including: the brush head is blunt and small, and the length should not exceed the width of four front teeth; The bristles are soft and the front bristles are long; Brush handle is non-slip design.

Children such as fluoride toothpaste can start using it when they are in the middle class or the big class in kindergarten, but only the amount of mung beans can be used at a time, and the children should be guaranteed to gargle. Parents must supervise and ensure that their children spit out mouthwash after brushing their teeth.

5. How to make children's teeth healthy

Let children have healthy and beautiful teeth, which is what all parents want.

People's teeth can not only chew, help digest food, promote growth and fertility, but also set off beautiful looks. Parents who protect their teeth should help their children prevent dental caries and protect their teeth.

First of all, limit the sweets in your child's diet, and rinse your mouth with a little boiled water or water for a few minutes after eating the sugar. Try not to let children eat too many snacks or sweets and cakes, so as to avoid the rapid rise of oral acidity after eating sugar and form dental caries.

In addition, avoid letting children sleep with their nipples. After falling asleep, the secretion of saliva and the action of swallowing will gradually decrease. The milk left in the mouth will provide sufficient nutrition for bacterial reproduction and promote the formation of dental caries. Supplementing protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, fluorine and other nutrients needed for tooth development can promote tooth development and firmness.

If the supply of nutrients is insufficient, the child's teething will be delayed, and the teeth that have already grown will be easily corroded by bacteria and dental caries will occur.

6. Dental care How should children's teeth be maintained? Should bad teeth be pulled out after suffering from dental caries?

As we all know, teeth can not only chew food, but also help to speak and pronounce clearly.

Teeth in childhood, through chewing activities, can promote the development of face and jaw. Without healthy teeth, it will not only increase the burden of gastrointestinal function, but also have a great impact on the health of the whole body, and it is also not conducive to the development of facial bones.

In addition, if the teeth are deformed, it will also affect the appearance. Therefore, protecting teeth is also an important part of infant health care.

The development of teeth Babies begin to grow teeth at about 6 months, so many people think that the development of teeth begins at this time. In fact, this view is not entirely correct.

The development of teeth has gone through a long and complicated physiological process. The deciduous teeth germinate from the second month of the embryo, and the root is not fully formed until the age of 3. Permanent teeth germinate in the embryo for 4-5 months, and when they are fully formed, they are about 20 years old. Generally speaking, the development of teeth can be divided into three periods, namely, growth period, calcification period and eruption period.

Six months after teething is only the eruption period of tooth development. The occurrence of tooth germ began from the sixth week of embryo, and 20 deciduous tooth germs appeared gradually.

While the deciduous tooth embryo continues to develop, 20 permanent tooth embryos will grow on the lingual side of the deciduous tooth embryo, and 20 permanent teeth will be developed in the future, which will be replaced by deciduous teeth. The first 1, second and third permanent molar embryos grew at both ends of the permanent tooth embryos at the age of 10 month, 2 years and 5 years after birth.

At this point, tooth germ development is complete. The formation and eruption of teeth and the occurrence of tooth germs are a continuous dynamic process.

It is most likely to cause abnormal occlusion of teeth from the cusp breaking through the mucosa and entering the mouth to completely occluding the opposite jaw. Because in this period, the root has not been fully formed, the periodontal attachment is not firm, and the alveolar bone is loose, which is easily affected by external forces.

Habits such as sucking fingers and biting lips can lead to tooth displacement deformity. If the dentofacial deformity has occurred, it must be corrected in childhood, otherwise the effect is not ideal.

Some mothers think that deciduous teeth should be pulled out anyway and replaced with permanent teeth, so the health care of deciduous teeth is not taken seriously. Professional dentists tell us that the protection of teeth must start with deciduous teeth, because "deciduous teeth are sick and permanent teeth are not good."

Primary teeth are the chewing organs of children and the guide for the eruption of permanent teeth in the future. The quality of deciduous teeth has a decisive influence on the healthy development of children. Even if the diseased deciduous teeth are replaced with permanent teeth, it will cause malocclusion and dental caries.

How is dental caries formed? Dental caries is a disease in which enamel, dentin or cementum are decalcified and organic matter is decomposed under the action of many factors, resulting in tooth tissue defect. Dental caries is a common and frequently-occurring disease.

Its prevalence rate ranks first among human diseases. It not only harms oral health, but also destroys the integrity of chewing organs, reduces chewing function, hinders digestion and harms health.

The following three factors are the most important: 1. Cariogenic bacteria: There are many kinds and large quantities of bacteria in the oral cavity. The temperature, humidity and nutrients in the oral cavity provide favorable conditions for the growth of various bacteria.

After bacteria enter the mouth, they settle in different ecological environments, such as teeth, mouth, tongue and saliva. Among them, Streptococcus mutans is the most important cariogenic bacteria, as well as Lactobacillus and Actinomyces viscosus.

Second, food factors: mainly sugar foods, such as sucrose, glucose, sugar-made rice noodles, etc., provide bacterial nutrition and at the same time turn themselves into acidic products, eroding teeth. Specifically, acid-producing bacteria and sugary foods adhere to the surface of teeth, forming plaque composed of bacteria.

Under the appropriate temperature and humidity of the oral cavity, after a certain period of fermentation to produce acid, the hard tissue of the tooth is decalcified and the tooth cavity is formed. Fibrous foods such as vegetables and meat have mechanical friction and cleaning effects on teeth and are not easy to ferment, which can reduce the occurrence of dental caries to some extent.

Third, the susceptibility of teeth: refers to the quality of teeth themselves, or the relationship between the degree of calcification and teeth. The higher the hardness of calcified teeth, the better the quality.

If you are in poor health and lack of nutrition from childhood, it will affect the calcification of teeth. The hard tissue structure of this kind of tooth is loose, which is affected by external factors after eruption and is easy to decay.

Where the teeth are irregularly arranged, food scraps and bacteria are easy to stay. In addition, the parts that are not easy to clean are easy to form dental plaque and become a good place for dental caries.

Nutrients in food can enhance the resistance of teeth to dental caries. In the period of tooth growth and development, such as protein and the lack of trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus and iron, can make teeth hypoplasia and increase the incidence of dental caries.

The prevention of dental caries must grasp two links. First, pay attention to health and nutrition before teeth erupt to ensure the normal development of the body. Second, after teeth erupt, strengthen oral health care, keep teeth clean and persevere, so as to prevent or reduce the occurrence of dental caries and have a pair of healthy teeth.

The following two points should be paid special attention to: First, eat less snacks: besides dinner, what else? R All the food to be eaten is a "snack". Foods containing powdered sugar will greatly increase the chance of tooth decay, and eating snacks between meals will make children have no mood to eat dinner today, which will lead to partial eclipse and affect the absorption of nutrients.

Second, oral hygiene: Is the child still young? R, you should use cotton swabs or gauze to clean your baby's teeth every day. After all the baby teeth are together, you can help your child practice gargling.

Rinse your mouth within a few minutes after meals. They should be taught to brush their teeth correctly from the age of two and a half.

Fluoride is an important element to prevent tooth decay, which can accelerate tooth decay, inhibit the growth of dental plaque film and strengthen acid resistance in the initial stage of oral restoration. However, excessive fluoride will affect the development of permanent teeth and lead to spots on teeth. Therefore, parents should choose children's toothpaste with low fluoride content or use only a small amount of toothpaste at a time, about the size of a bean grain, to prevent swallowing too much toothpaste.

The correct method of brushing teeth is: brush up and down at least ten times with moderate intensity; Brush the surface of each tooth in sequence, first brush the outside of the upper and lower rows of teeth; Brush your teeth again? What's the matter with you? ⑸ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾? Do you want to change it? ⒀⒀⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒆ ⒀ Qiang acyl alliance ⒀ cheese color grabs the ranking? How to find the early stage of dental caries as early as possible is difficult to find just because of the color change. If dental caries cannot be controlled early, it will spread from the tooth surface.