The Original Text, Translation and Appreciation of Su Shi's Poetry Collection Yu Qian ① Monk Lu

The original text is "Yu Qian (1) Shang Lu"

No meat to eat, no bamboo to live.

No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar.

People are thin and fat, but laymen are hopeless.

Others scoffed at this statement: "Do you like being tall or stupid?"

If you still chew this gentleman, there are Yangzhou cranes in the world!

[Note] ① Yu Qian: The name of the old county is now Lin 'an, Zhejiang.

Appreciation of Su Shi's Poems: Yu Qian ① Monk Lu

Yu Qian, a monk, is called Little Chef Hippo, whose name is Huijue. He is a monk of Jingzhao Temple in Guo Feng Township, South Erli, Ganxian County. There is a green corridor in the temple, decorated with bamboo, which is very elegant. This poem is entitled "Yu Qian and Shang Lu", praising elegance and integrity and criticizing materialism and vulgarity. Mainly discussion, but elegant.

According to the Biography of Wang Huizhi in the Book of Jin, Wang Huizhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, was elegant and loved bamboo. Once, he lived in an empty house and immediately planted bamboo. Someone asked him why, but he didn't give a positive explanation. Xiao Yong pointed to the bamboo and said, "There is not a day without this gentleman!" This "can make food without meat, but can't make the house without bamboo" is a tribute to the hermit. Because there is such an extraordinary image in the allusions, the poet affirmed it with the tone of "can" and "can't", and the image of a monk who is detached from things immediately jumped to the page.

"No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar" is the further development of "no bamboo in the house". Full of philosophy and charm, write the value of material and spirit, virtue and food in comparison; It is not sweet to eat, but "thin" at best; Without relaxed and elegant festivals, it would be "vulgar". This is not only a tribute to the monk's day, but also a warning to those who lack it. Then it is more penetrating to express this intention with "people are thin and fat, and laity is hopeless". Yes, the most important thing for a person is ideological character and spiritual realm. As long as you have noble sentiments, you will have the aloof and tall pine and cypress, the fragrance of plum and bamboo, and you will stand up straight and stand out from the crowd without fear of * * * and become a man; On the contrary, it will win fame and fortune, violate gains and losses, abuse power for personal gain, change with the wind, and add ugliness to flattery. Such people often think they are smart, think they are wise, don't listen to advice, and their nature cannot be changed, so the poet said that this kind of "laity is incurable"-medical treatment is ineffective.

The above is the first paragraph. The characteristics of this paragraph are: accurate wording, incisive argument and thought-provoking.

It's like looking at the mountain and not liking peace. All the above are the poet's comments. Although the language is extraordinary, if the poet speaks frankly, he will be suspected of going straight. So in the next paragraph, make waves again and change a new idea. The "layman" who is "hopeless" will stand up and perform himself. This is the method of "showing" in rhetoric. Please see:

Others scoffed at this statement: "Do you like being tall or stupid?"

This "other person" is the kind of "layman" mentioned above. He listened to the poet's comments and didn't agree. Although he thinks that "inseparable from bamboo" is a completely pedantic theory and a pedantic point of view, he verbally describes this theory as "as tall as stupid", which shows this sophisticated and sleek feature from this ambiguous tone; He will never make enemies by making decisive remarks in the debate.

The following is the poet's ridicule and backchat to the layman: "If you still chew this gentleman, there will be Yangzhou cranes in the world!" "This gentleman", in the words of Wang Huizhi, is bamboo. "Chewing" comes from Cao Zhi's Book of Quality with Wu. "Chewing the butcher's door is not meat, but expensive and pleasing." Yangzhou Crane is from Yin Yun's novel. The main idea of the story is that there are guests with their own opinions. Some want to be the secretariat of Yangzhou, some want to buy more money, and some want to ride a crane to heaven and become immortal. One of them said: I want to "ride a crane to the state for 100 thousand yuan" to be promoted and made a fortune. The poem says: If you want to plant bamboo, you should get a lofty name, but you should also chew the sweet taste of bamboo. There is no such thing as "riding a crane to the state" on earth! Yes, famous people are rarely rich, and rich people are rarely famous; Officials have no time to learn immortality, and Taoist priests have no time to be officials; Meat eaters have no high knots, and high knots do not eat meat; You can't have both beauty and beauty, let alone want to have several beauties! Want to be fat and fresh, but also want to be fine, is it reasonable in this world? I want to be an official, I want to be immortal. There is such a thing in the world!

This poem is mainly composed of five words and arguments. However, due to the proper use of prosaic sentence patterns (such as "Don't leave bamboo in the house" and "If you still chew this gentleman") and some expressions of Fu (such as the discussion in the dialogue), you can see elegance in the discussion, make waves in the discussion, and contain images in the discussion. Su Shi is very good at using topics and has rich associative power. He can create new ideas and say extraordinary things in ordinary topics. This poem is an example.

Word: 1470

Author: Fu Jingshun